WEBVTT 1 00:00:05.166 --> 00:00:10.166 Aloha everybody and welcome to our third Thursday webinar 2 00:00:10.380 --> 00:00:11.760 for this month. 3 00:00:11.760 --> 00:00:14.760 We have a really great presentation for you today 4 00:00:14.760 --> 00:00:18.840 about one of our most beloved visitors to Hawaiʻi, 5 00:00:18.840 --> 00:00:22.470 the the Kōlea or the Pacific golden-plover, 6 00:00:22.470 --> 00:00:24.930 and our awesome guest Susan Scott, 7 00:00:24.930 --> 00:00:28.530 who's the president of Audubon Society. 8 00:00:28.530 --> 00:00:30.030 Before we get started, 9 00:00:30.030 --> 00:00:32.280 just a couple of housekeeping details. 10 00:00:32.280 --> 00:00:36.120 If you are having problems with your audio, 11 00:00:36.120 --> 00:00:38.280 please check the audio settings 12 00:00:38.280 --> 00:00:40.530 in the go-to webinar control panel 13 00:00:40.530 --> 00:00:44.160 that should be on your right as you join the webinar, 14 00:00:44.160 --> 00:00:47.460 just make sure it's set to whatever audio you're using, 15 00:00:47.460 --> 00:00:49.743 whether you're using headphones or speakers. 16 00:00:50.700 --> 00:00:54.420 If you check that, that usually resolves any of the issues. 17 00:00:54.420 --> 00:00:56.460 But if you still do have problems, 18 00:00:56.460 --> 00:01:00.150 please type those in the question bar or the chat 19 00:01:00.150 --> 00:01:03.600 and we'll do what we can to help you resolve that 20 00:01:03.600 --> 00:01:05.910 so you can hear the presentation. 21 00:01:05.910 --> 00:01:07.800 Also, if you do have any questions 22 00:01:07.800 --> 00:01:09.630 during the webinar for Susan, 23 00:01:09.630 --> 00:01:10.860 if we can get to them at the end, 24 00:01:10.860 --> 00:01:13.890 type those in the question bar as well 25 00:01:13.890 --> 00:01:17.640 and we'll also be posting some resources in the chat 26 00:01:17.640 --> 00:01:19.020 for you to look at. 27 00:01:19.020 --> 00:01:24.020 But before we get started, as is proper in Hawaiʻi, 28 00:01:24.150 --> 00:01:29.150 we open with a protocol to open the space to learning 29 00:01:29.250 --> 00:01:32.910 and to better understand what we're learning 30 00:01:32.910 --> 00:01:34.380 and to embrace it. 31 00:01:34.380 --> 00:01:37.920 And I'm going to turn it over to Malia Evans 32 00:01:37.920 --> 00:01:39.363 for opening protocol. 33 00:01:43.378 --> 00:01:44.520 Aloha mai kākou 34 00:01:44.520 --> 00:01:47.763 Let's prepare ourselves for our protocol. 35 00:01:53.426 --> 00:01:57.259 (chant in Hawaiian language) 36 00:03:53.005 --> 00:03:56.640 Mahalo Malia 37 00:03:56.640 --> 00:03:59.097 So it's wonderful to and the space 38 00:03:59.097 --> 00:04:02.160 and to embrace new understandings and learning 39 00:04:02.160 --> 00:04:03.573 and meet new friends. 40 00:04:05.250 --> 00:04:09.180 So before, just wanna give you a little bit of background 41 00:04:09.180 --> 00:04:13.050 about the your National Marine Sanctuary System. 42 00:04:13.050 --> 00:04:17.160 So your system is part of 15 National Marine Sanctuaries 43 00:04:17.160 --> 00:04:19.440 across the United States. 44 00:04:19.440 --> 00:04:22.440 We have four proposed new national Marine sanctuaries, 45 00:04:22.440 --> 00:04:24.750 including us out here in the Pacific 46 00:04:24.750 --> 00:04:28.680 the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, 47 00:04:28.680 --> 00:04:31.290 and it embraces also two marine national monuments, 48 00:04:31.290 --> 00:04:32.460 which of course is us, 49 00:04:32.460 --> 00:04:35.100 as well as American Samoa 50 00:04:35.100 --> 00:04:38.730 or the Rose Atoll Marine National Monument. 51 00:04:38.730 --> 00:04:41.160 This is your National Marine Sanctuary system 52 00:04:41.160 --> 00:04:43.170 and it goes from coast to coast 53 00:04:43.170 --> 00:04:46.410 and includes incredible sights also in the Great Lakes 54 00:04:46.410 --> 00:04:49.470 such as Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary, 55 00:04:49.470 --> 00:04:51.630 and Wisconsin Shipwreck Coast, 56 00:04:51.630 --> 00:04:53.070 and the new one potentially 57 00:04:53.070 --> 00:04:55.860 Lake Ontario National Marine Sanctuary. 58 00:04:55.860 --> 00:04:57.750 Those sites particularly protect 59 00:04:57.750 --> 00:05:00.480 some underwater maritime heritage. 60 00:05:00.480 --> 00:05:02.790 And also we have a new heritage, 61 00:05:02.790 --> 00:05:04.830 potential heritage site on the West coast 62 00:05:04.830 --> 00:05:07.620 in Chumash Heritage National Marine Sanctuary 63 00:05:07.620 --> 00:05:09.510 that's being proposed. 64 00:05:09.510 --> 00:05:11.580 So this is your National Marine Sanctuary system, 65 00:05:11.580 --> 00:05:13.083 our underwater parks. 66 00:05:13.950 --> 00:05:16.020 So if you are near any these sites, 67 00:05:16.020 --> 00:05:20.703 please go visit them and enjoy these spectacular places. 68 00:05:22.020 --> 00:05:27.020 But we work for Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument 69 00:05:27.240 --> 00:05:29.970 in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. 70 00:05:29.970 --> 00:05:30.900 So we're the largest, 71 00:05:30.900 --> 00:05:33.240 the world's largest fully protected area, 72 00:05:33.240 --> 00:05:38.240 having 582,578 square miles of ocean area, 73 00:05:38.550 --> 00:05:40.890 encompassing only six square miles of land 74 00:05:40.890 --> 00:05:43.680 within that vast area. 75 00:05:43.680 --> 00:05:45.060 But we are being proposed 76 00:05:45.060 --> 00:05:47.760 as a National Marine Sanctuary site, 77 00:05:47.760 --> 00:05:51.540 but also co-managed with the area's co-managed 78 00:05:51.540 --> 00:05:53.640 with the US Fish and Wildlife Service, 79 00:05:53.640 --> 00:05:54.990 the Office of Hawaiian Affairs, 80 00:05:54.990 --> 00:05:57.090 and the State of Hawaiʻi. 81 00:05:57.090 --> 00:05:58.830 And if we were overlaid this area 82 00:05:58.830 --> 00:06:01.560 or the whole Hawaiian Archipelago over the United States 83 00:06:01.560 --> 00:06:04.320 who would stretch from about New Orleans to Las Vegas. 84 00:06:04.320 --> 00:06:07.560 So it's a vast area about what's that, 85 00:06:07.560 --> 00:06:10.353 about a quarter the size of the whole United States. 86 00:06:11.280 --> 00:06:14.130 And our host today for your webinar are myself, 87 00:06:14.130 --> 00:06:18.360 Andy Collins, an Education Coordinator for Papahānaumokuākea 88 00:06:18.360 --> 00:06:20.847 and Malia Evans, who's on O'ahu 89 00:06:20.847 --> 00:06:24.513 and our Education and Outreach person on O'ahu. 90 00:06:26.100 --> 00:06:27.870 But I work over here in Hilo 91 00:06:27.870 --> 00:06:30.270 at our Mokupāpapa Discovery Center. 92 00:06:30.270 --> 00:06:31.920 And if you are in Hilo, 93 00:06:31.920 --> 00:06:35.310 please make some time to come visit us. 94 00:06:35.310 --> 00:06:39.120 We are open Tuesday through Saturday, nine to four. 95 00:06:39.120 --> 00:06:43.260 We're the only interpretive center for Papahānaumokuākea 96 00:06:43.260 --> 00:06:45.690 for the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. 97 00:06:45.690 --> 00:06:50.340 We have beautiful exhibits in English and Hawaiian language, 98 00:06:50.340 --> 00:06:54.240 a beautiful 3,500 gallons, but water, aquarium, 99 00:06:54.240 --> 00:06:57.360 many other exhibits throughout an incredibly beautiful 100 00:06:57.360 --> 00:07:01.410 and historic building on the Hilo Bay front for three. 101 00:07:01.410 --> 00:07:03.780 So we hope you can come and see us 102 00:07:03.780 --> 00:07:06.033 and learn more about this amazing place. 103 00:07:06.990 --> 00:07:09.150 But sanctuary across the system 104 00:07:09.150 --> 00:07:12.300 are there to protect the incredible biodiversity 105 00:07:12.300 --> 00:07:14.130 of these areas. 106 00:07:14.130 --> 00:07:17.010 They provide shelter for threatened and endangered species 107 00:07:17.010 --> 00:07:19.710 such as this Hawaiian monk seal and green sea turtle, 108 00:07:19.710 --> 00:07:23.490 enjoying a moment on the beach at French Frigate Shoals. 109 00:07:23.490 --> 00:07:27.030 Also for the cultural heritage in Papahānaumokuākea 110 00:07:27.030 --> 00:07:29.380 we have some amazing cultural sites 111 00:07:30.300 --> 00:07:34.440 from back when Hawaiians were living on these islands, 112 00:07:34.440 --> 00:07:37.740 even to today when these islands are being used 113 00:07:37.740 --> 00:07:41.880 as a navigational training ground, and also, 114 00:07:41.880 --> 00:07:45.093 or cultural heritage of those spaces. 115 00:07:46.260 --> 00:07:48.270 We also protect maritime heritage, 116 00:07:48.270 --> 00:07:52.740 we have more recent maritime travels, such as deep sea ship, 117 00:07:52.740 --> 00:07:54.720 such as shipwrecks in the Great Lakes 118 00:07:54.720 --> 00:07:55.920 and in Papahānaumokuākea 119 00:07:57.480 --> 00:08:00.870 and conduct research on the wildlife 120 00:08:00.870 --> 00:08:03.630 and the habitats within these places. 121 00:08:03.630 --> 00:08:06.540 And so we can monitor them over time 122 00:08:06.540 --> 00:08:08.970 for things like impacts like climate change 123 00:08:08.970 --> 00:08:11.790 and other coastal impacts to these areas. 124 00:08:11.790 --> 00:08:16.200 And broader ocean impacts such as marine debris. 125 00:08:16.200 --> 00:08:19.750 In some cases, we're able to do marine resource protection 126 00:08:20.910 --> 00:08:22.410 and conservation. 127 00:08:22.410 --> 00:08:25.080 There's a fantastic program in the Florida Keys 128 00:08:25.080 --> 00:08:27.120 where they're trying to out-plant corals 129 00:08:27.120 --> 00:08:28.410 on a number of different sites 130 00:08:28.410 --> 00:08:32.610 and restore some of those sites in the Florida Keys. 131 00:08:32.610 --> 00:08:35.550 We also do a lot of education such as this program 132 00:08:35.550 --> 00:08:38.100 to try to inspire the next generation 133 00:08:38.100 --> 00:08:41.550 to connect with our oceans and to help protect them. 134 00:08:41.550 --> 00:08:45.090 And we do outreach events where we go out into the community 135 00:08:45.090 --> 00:08:47.850 and we're only able to do this with our volunteers. 136 00:08:47.850 --> 00:08:50.430 So if you are interested in volunteering, 137 00:08:50.430 --> 00:08:53.010 please connect with your local sanctuary site 138 00:08:53.010 --> 00:08:54.600 and see how you can help. 139 00:08:54.600 --> 00:08:56.700 There's everything to do from beach cleanups 140 00:08:56.700 --> 00:08:58.410 to working in discovery centers 141 00:08:58.410 --> 00:09:01.980 to a whole range of opportunities for volunteering 142 00:09:01.980 --> 00:09:03.903 to help protect these special places. 143 00:09:05.280 --> 00:09:07.800 And again, they are, they're amazing places. 144 00:09:07.800 --> 00:09:10.440 These are places where we can reconnect with our spirit 145 00:09:10.440 --> 00:09:14.580 to understand our connection to nature, to recreate, 146 00:09:14.580 --> 00:09:16.920 to fish, to do other things. 147 00:09:16.920 --> 00:09:20.280 So if you are in or near these areas, 148 00:09:20.280 --> 00:09:22.323 please reconnect with these places. 149 00:09:23.190 --> 00:09:26.490 And Susan, you can turn on your webcam 150 00:09:26.490 --> 00:09:30.210 and your microphone right now and I will introduce you. 151 00:09:30.210 --> 00:09:33.600 So our presenter today is Susan Scott. 152 00:09:33.600 --> 00:09:37.320 She's the President of the Hawaiʻi Audubon Society, 153 00:09:37.320 --> 00:09:40.560 but she also wrote a weekly column called Ocean Watch 154 00:09:40.560 --> 00:09:44.657 for the Honolulu Star Advertiser from '87 to 2020 155 00:09:44.657 --> 00:09:48.420 and is the author of 10 books about nature in Hawaiʻi. 156 00:09:48.420 --> 00:09:51.660 Two recent books about the Kōlea Pacific golden-plover 157 00:09:51.660 --> 00:09:54.270 and the Manu-o-Kū, White Tern. 158 00:09:54.270 --> 00:09:56.820 In 2020, she helped revise the seventh edition 159 00:09:56.820 --> 00:10:00.450 of the Hawaiʻi Audubon Society's book "Hawaiʻi Birds" 160 00:10:00.450 --> 00:10:01.590 Her interest in Native birds 161 00:10:01.590 --> 00:10:04.510 resulted in the Audubon Society Board directors 162 00:10:04.510 --> 00:10:07.983 electing her president in January 2022. 163 00:10:10.860 --> 00:10:12.390 She's a former registered nurse, 164 00:10:12.390 --> 00:10:14.700 earned a bachelor's degree from the University of Hawaiʻi, 165 00:10:14.700 --> 00:10:18.000 and is a graduate of the university's Marine Option Program 166 00:10:18.000 --> 00:10:19.440 Go (indistinct). 167 00:10:19.440 --> 00:10:21.930 Where she studied marine journalism 168 00:10:21.930 --> 00:10:24.870 and as a volunteer with US Fish and Wildlife Service, 169 00:10:24.870 --> 00:10:28.890 she has counted albatross at Midway tagged crabs on Palmyra 170 00:10:28.890 --> 00:10:30.630 rescued monk seals and sea turtles, 171 00:10:30.630 --> 00:10:32.370 at French Frigate Shoals. 172 00:10:32.370 --> 00:10:33.780 And her newspaper column 173 00:10:33.780 --> 00:10:36.360 unfortunately was discontinued due to the pandemic. 174 00:10:36.360 --> 00:10:38.430 But through her work with Audubon Society, 175 00:10:38.430 --> 00:10:40.560 she continues sharing her enthusiasm 176 00:10:40.560 --> 00:10:44.400 for Hawaii's remarkable Native species. 177 00:10:44.400 --> 00:10:48.150 So I'm going to turn presenter over to you, Susan, 178 00:10:48.150 --> 00:10:52.713 and we'll make sure everything is working good here. 179 00:10:54.270 --> 00:10:56.248 Is your audio on? 180 00:10:56.248 --> 00:10:57.581 Yes, I'm good. 181 00:10:58.556 --> 00:10:59.889 Can you hear me? 182 00:11:01.620 --> 00:11:05.193 Yes, so you should have presenter now. 183 00:11:06.240 --> 00:11:07.073 Okay. 184 00:11:13.110 --> 00:11:13.943 Ready to go? 185 00:11:15.638 --> 00:11:17.813 Yeah, I don't see your screen just yet. 186 00:11:21.600 --> 00:11:23.043 Okay, now it's coming up. 187 00:11:24.043 --> 00:11:24.876 Good. 188 00:11:25.980 --> 00:11:27.690 There we go, you're good to go. 189 00:11:27.690 --> 00:11:29.487 I'm gonna go mute, mute myself. 190 00:11:29.487 --> 00:11:31.980 Can I turn off Andy, can I turn off? 191 00:11:31.980 --> 00:11:33.300 Yes. 192 00:11:33.300 --> 00:11:36.690 The, I can't see my own screen very well. 193 00:11:36.690 --> 00:11:37.523 Oh, I see. 194 00:11:37.523 --> 00:11:38.583 I can make myself smaller. 195 00:11:39.578 --> 00:11:41.053 Yeah, there you go. 196 00:11:42.657 --> 00:11:44.853 But I don't wanna turn myself off. 197 00:11:45.772 --> 00:11:46.605 (laughing) No. 198 00:11:46.605 --> 00:11:47.793 Yeah, yeah okay. 199 00:11:48.714 --> 00:11:51.420 And I can make, okay. 200 00:11:51.420 --> 00:11:54.240 All right, well, thank you for joining me in my, 201 00:11:54.240 --> 00:11:57.570 the Hawaiʻi Audubon Society's program, 202 00:11:57.570 --> 00:12:01.800 Citizen Science Program to monitor our 203 00:12:01.800 --> 00:12:05.550 and appreciate our Kōlea birds we already know and love. 204 00:12:05.550 --> 00:12:09.330 And one of the things that we talked about when we, 205 00:12:09.330 --> 00:12:11.910 before we started this program was almost all, 206 00:12:11.910 --> 00:12:16.590 any of us here about Hawaiiʻs birds, it's bad news. 207 00:12:16.590 --> 00:12:17.790 They're extinct. 208 00:12:17.790 --> 00:12:21.450 There's a whole book about the extinct birds of Hawaiʻi 209 00:12:21.450 --> 00:12:25.170 that Michael Walter wrote and just did a new addition in 22. 210 00:12:25.170 --> 00:12:28.560 There's headlines, they're all about extinction, 211 00:12:28.560 --> 00:12:32.010 and there's even a children's book about extinct birds. 212 00:12:32.010 --> 00:12:35.730 And so one of the things we really wanted to point out 213 00:12:35.730 --> 00:12:38.580 and to just celebrate is that some of the birds, 214 00:12:38.580 --> 00:12:41.040 our Native birds are doing really well. 215 00:12:41.040 --> 00:12:44.940 And so we wanted to celebrate those birds 216 00:12:44.940 --> 00:12:46.650 and the three species 217 00:12:46.650 --> 00:12:49.170 that we chose out of Pacific golden-plover 218 00:12:49.170 --> 00:12:52.440 and the Manu-o-Kū, white tern 219 00:12:52.440 --> 00:12:55.767 and the ʻUa'u kani wedge-tailed shearwaters. 220 00:12:55.767 --> 00:12:59.310 And so those three programs in the Hawaiʻi Audubon 221 00:12:59.310 --> 00:13:03.000 all have citizen science projects that you can find out 222 00:13:03.000 --> 00:13:08.000 lots about on our Hawaiʻi Audubon website under what we do. 223 00:13:08.100 --> 00:13:11.400 But the one thing I'm gonna talk about this time 224 00:13:11.400 --> 00:13:14.550 is the, guess which one. 225 00:13:14.550 --> 00:13:15.900 You could tell which one this is 226 00:13:15.900 --> 00:13:18.240 by the golden colors in the feather, 227 00:13:18.240 --> 00:13:21.693 and that is the Pacific golden-plover. 228 00:13:23.310 --> 00:13:24.143 Oops. 229 00:13:25.920 --> 00:13:28.200 The Kōlea in Hawaiian. 230 00:13:28.200 --> 00:13:33.180 And so as a writer I like to not use a lot of adjectives, 231 00:13:33.180 --> 00:13:35.313 but when you're talking about our Kōlea, 232 00:13:36.150 --> 00:13:38.340 we always say they're gorgeous, they're friendly, 233 00:13:38.340 --> 00:13:41.790 they have all of these great attributes 234 00:13:41.790 --> 00:13:45.420 that most of us love, and that is our Pacific golden-plover, 235 00:13:45.420 --> 00:13:47.163 Native shorebirds here. 236 00:13:49.920 --> 00:13:54.040 So the ancient Hawaiians also revered the plover. 237 00:13:54.040 --> 00:13:55.890 There was the Kōleamoku 238 00:13:55.890 --> 00:13:59.580 they called the Plover god of art of Healing. 239 00:13:59.580 --> 00:14:03.330 And this was a painting done by a Russian a painter 240 00:14:03.330 --> 00:14:06.360 on a Russian ship in 1816. 241 00:14:06.360 --> 00:14:09.450 And there's a Kōlea on top of the statue. 242 00:14:09.450 --> 00:14:12.300 This is in Kailua-Kona. 243 00:14:12.300 --> 00:14:15.960 And when it was restored in the 1970s, 244 00:14:15.960 --> 00:14:19.170 people who restored it also put the Kōleamoku 245 00:14:19.170 --> 00:14:20.580 on top of the statue. 246 00:14:20.580 --> 00:14:21.750 It's very same. 247 00:14:21.750 --> 00:14:23.040 And they keep it this, 248 00:14:23.040 --> 00:14:26.910 I just took this picture a couple months ago. 249 00:14:26.910 --> 00:14:30.213 So it's the Kōleamoku is still there, the patron of Kahuna. 250 00:14:33.540 --> 00:14:37.530 The ancient Hawaiians also ate Kōlea, 251 00:14:37.530 --> 00:14:39.570 of course, you'd eat anything you could catch. 252 00:14:39.570 --> 00:14:42.540 And they caught the Kōlea with these stones 253 00:14:42.540 --> 00:14:44.010 called Kōlea stones. 254 00:14:44.010 --> 00:14:46.410 And wrap a piece of line around there, 255 00:14:46.410 --> 00:14:48.840 put a grub and a fish hook on the end 256 00:14:48.840 --> 00:14:51.240 or a hook and then that would catch the birds. 257 00:14:51.240 --> 00:14:55.530 So as late as 1883, 258 00:14:55.530 --> 00:15:00.530 they were still menus on the ʻIolani Palace menus. 259 00:15:00.870 --> 00:15:02.610 They were meals. 260 00:15:02.610 --> 00:15:06.090 So the entrees were plover and breakfast. 261 00:15:06.090 --> 00:15:08.373 Their breakfast was plovers on toast. 262 00:15:13.170 --> 00:15:17.040 People shot plovers up until 1939 263 00:15:17.040 --> 00:15:19.050 and they had a limit of 15 a day. 264 00:15:19.050 --> 00:15:22.350 But Wally Johnson, who studied them all of his life, 265 00:15:22.350 --> 00:15:26.910 tells me that the numbers went well over 15 a day. 266 00:15:26.910 --> 00:15:29.100 And when the numbers started really decreasing, 267 00:15:29.100 --> 00:15:31.080 people became alarmed 268 00:15:31.080 --> 00:15:36.080 and made a ban on hunting Kōlea in 1939. 269 00:15:38.508 --> 00:15:42.780 And then in 1941, we all know what happened in Hawaiʻi. 270 00:15:42.780 --> 00:15:44.310 This is Waikīkī, 271 00:15:44.310 --> 00:15:48.273 and the hunting ban became permanent for Kōlea after that. 272 00:15:56.130 --> 00:16:00.210 All right, so we have our first poll. 273 00:16:00.210 --> 00:16:02.730 So let's see who is paying attention. 274 00:16:02.730 --> 00:16:04.380 Let us bring up that poll. 275 00:16:04.380 --> 00:16:06.150 So the question is, 276 00:16:06.150 --> 00:16:10.320 Kōlea, were once on menus at ʻIolani Palace 277 00:16:10.320 --> 00:16:13.710 revered by ancient Hawaiians as a god of healing, 278 00:16:13.710 --> 00:16:17.040 shot as game birds or all of the above? 279 00:16:17.040 --> 00:16:20.880 So go ahead and register your vote. 280 00:16:20.880 --> 00:16:23.370 And I see about half of you have voted. 281 00:16:23.370 --> 00:16:28.370 And we'll close out the poll in three, two, and one. 282 00:16:28.950 --> 00:16:31.353 And let's get you those results, Susan. 283 00:16:33.480 --> 00:16:36.060 All right, well here are some interesting numbers. 284 00:16:36.060 --> 00:16:40.350 We, 96% of our attendees think all of the above. 285 00:16:40.350 --> 00:16:42.833 2% shot as game birds. 286 00:16:42.833 --> 00:16:46.200 1% of them said revered by ancient Hawaiians 287 00:16:46.200 --> 00:16:50.100 and 2% said on menus at ʻIolani Palace. 288 00:16:50.100 --> 00:16:52.500 So 96%, all of the above. 289 00:16:52.500 --> 00:16:54.060 How'd they do Susan? 290 00:16:54.060 --> 00:16:55.653 Great, that's A plus. 291 00:16:56.970 --> 00:16:57.870 Thank you. 292 00:16:57.870 --> 00:17:02.870 Okay, we call these migratory shorebirds 293 00:17:04.110 --> 00:17:07.080 even though we don't often see them on the shore. 294 00:17:07.080 --> 00:17:12.080 I did see a couple on at Mokulēʻia Beach Park on the shore, 295 00:17:12.150 --> 00:17:15.900 but they also eat fish, 296 00:17:15.900 --> 00:17:17.730 which is a very rare picture 297 00:17:17.730 --> 00:17:19.620 that was sent by a friend Robert Weber. 298 00:17:19.620 --> 00:17:21.780 And Wally was very excited about this picture 299 00:17:21.780 --> 00:17:25.110 because we don't usually see them fishing and eating fish. 300 00:17:25.110 --> 00:17:27.000 This was in on Maui. 301 00:17:27.000 --> 00:17:31.320 But mostly the great thing about these birds 302 00:17:31.320 --> 00:17:34.530 is they have learned to live not only with us humans, 303 00:17:34.530 --> 00:17:37.980 but with the changes that we've made in their environment. 304 00:17:37.980 --> 00:17:39.300 And that's one of the reasons 305 00:17:39.300 --> 00:17:42.720 that they think they're doing quite well. 306 00:17:42.720 --> 00:17:47.100 So they have, they like our golf courses, 307 00:17:47.100 --> 00:17:48.870 they like our miniature golf courses 308 00:17:48.870 --> 00:17:52.590 'cause it's covered with the AstroTurf and the insects 309 00:17:52.590 --> 00:17:55.140 and other bugs that they eat can't escape. 310 00:17:55.140 --> 00:17:57.120 So we've seen them there. 311 00:17:57.120 --> 00:18:02.120 This, the one on the right was swimming in a pool of a hotel 312 00:18:02.130 --> 00:18:04.200 I stayed at in Kauaʻi recently. 313 00:18:04.200 --> 00:18:09.150 And the other one that this funny story about the car 314 00:18:09.150 --> 00:18:11.820 is that the bird thought there was another bird 315 00:18:11.820 --> 00:18:14.880 in this rental car that the owner's brother rented a car 316 00:18:14.880 --> 00:18:17.250 and parked it in the middle of the Kōlea's territory 317 00:18:17.250 --> 00:18:18.240 on the yard. 318 00:18:18.240 --> 00:18:19.710 And he kept pecking at the car 319 00:18:19.710 --> 00:18:22.590 trying to get to scare away the other bird. 320 00:18:22.590 --> 00:18:24.000 So people feed them, 321 00:18:24.000 --> 00:18:25.860 they call them and they come when they call. 322 00:18:25.860 --> 00:18:30.570 They've really learned to adjust to living with humans. 323 00:18:30.570 --> 00:18:33.900 This is just a picture of one that a friend sent me 324 00:18:33.900 --> 00:18:36.000 in the middle of a very busy intersection 325 00:18:36.000 --> 00:18:38.610 on the Pali Highway and Kamehameha Highway 326 00:18:38.610 --> 00:18:40.740 that's pretty much there all the time. 327 00:18:40.740 --> 00:18:45.360 And here's a video that the guy who's brother rented the car 328 00:18:45.360 --> 00:18:47.550 sent me is very funny. 329 00:18:47.550 --> 00:18:51.300 This bird trying to chase away the bird in its reflection. 330 00:18:51.300 --> 00:18:54.180 You can see his reflection in the car 331 00:18:54.180 --> 00:18:56.220 and then he can't quite make it. 332 00:18:56.220 --> 00:18:58.770 So he ran around the other side of the car 333 00:18:58.770 --> 00:19:00.450 to see if the bird was over there. 334 00:19:00.450 --> 00:19:03.003 But he entertained the family for quite some time. 335 00:19:05.520 --> 00:19:10.440 So the Plovers have really adjusted 336 00:19:10.440 --> 00:19:14.610 to our environmental changes. 337 00:19:14.610 --> 00:19:17.130 Of course the islands don't look anything 338 00:19:17.130 --> 00:19:21.300 like what they used to have before humans are here. 339 00:19:21.300 --> 00:19:22.617 And the one great thing about them, 340 00:19:22.617 --> 00:19:25.380 and the reason we can count them 341 00:19:25.380 --> 00:19:27.180 is because they're very territorial. 342 00:19:27.180 --> 00:19:29.250 So even in our parks, 343 00:19:29.250 --> 00:19:31.920 in our yards and all commotion that's going on, 344 00:19:31.920 --> 00:19:35.220 if we startle them like this lawnmower in Kailua Beach Park, 345 00:19:35.220 --> 00:19:37.920 they come back to the same place. 346 00:19:37.920 --> 00:19:42.920 Here's one that's at in Kāne'ohe that was a rare white one. 347 00:19:44.400 --> 00:19:46.890 And you could see that it was not bothered by people 348 00:19:46.890 --> 00:19:48.300 or even a dog lying there. 349 00:19:48.300 --> 00:19:49.533 Lots of traffic there. 350 00:19:51.030 --> 00:19:52.653 I named this bird Blanche. 351 00:19:54.750 --> 00:19:57.600 The other thing is they have really adapted well 352 00:19:57.600 --> 00:20:00.450 to all of the introduced insects 353 00:20:00.450 --> 00:20:04.290 and pests that we have introduced to Hawaiʻi, 354 00:20:04.290 --> 00:20:07.500 including centipedes, cockroaches, 355 00:20:07.500 --> 00:20:09.000 anything that crawls 356 00:20:09.000 --> 00:20:11.220 and earthworms are not native to Hawaiʻi. 357 00:20:11.220 --> 00:20:12.780 But the birds love them 358 00:20:12.780 --> 00:20:17.190 and they hunt for anything they can find. 359 00:20:17.190 --> 00:20:21.240 And I just wanna mention too, that a lot of these photos, 360 00:20:21.240 --> 00:20:24.600 gorgeous photos are sent to me by Kōlea fans 361 00:20:24.600 --> 00:20:27.960 and photographers and people who take nice pictures 362 00:20:27.960 --> 00:20:29.670 and allowing me to share them. 363 00:20:29.670 --> 00:20:31.263 So thank you for that. 364 00:20:32.970 --> 00:20:37.970 They like to sleep on flat rooftops or slanted rooftops too. 365 00:20:39.090 --> 00:20:42.630 The people ask me often where they go at night 366 00:20:42.630 --> 00:20:47.630 and they usually sleep up on rooftops and flat places 367 00:20:47.730 --> 00:20:49.680 to get away from predators. 368 00:20:49.680 --> 00:20:51.090 They're very predator alert. 369 00:20:51.090 --> 00:20:55.080 So they do fairly well and sleep up high. 370 00:20:55.080 --> 00:21:00.080 And the one with all of the birds at the bottom is UH Hilo. 371 00:21:01.170 --> 00:21:02.763 Someone sent me this last year. 372 00:21:04.920 --> 00:21:06.000 Is also in Hilo, 373 00:21:06.000 --> 00:21:09.570 it's an elementary school whose mascot is the Kōlea. 374 00:21:09.570 --> 00:21:11.190 And so I was just there recently 375 00:21:11.190 --> 00:21:13.320 and we took a nice picture this spring 376 00:21:13.320 --> 00:21:16.863 of the students and teachers welcoming back their bird. 377 00:21:22.470 --> 00:21:26.670 All right, we have our next poll ready to go. 378 00:21:26.670 --> 00:21:28.290 So the questionnaire is, 379 00:21:28.290 --> 00:21:31.500 what is a common English name of the Kōlea? 380 00:21:31.500 --> 00:21:34.320 And your choices are the Yellow-spotted curlew, 381 00:21:34.320 --> 00:21:37.650 Tawny Turnstone, Pacific golden-plover 382 00:21:37.650 --> 00:21:39.690 or the Wandering wimbrel. 383 00:21:39.690 --> 00:21:42.480 So go ahead and whoa, you guys are quick. 384 00:21:42.480 --> 00:21:45.510 We have like 75% of you who have voted 385 00:21:45.510 --> 00:21:50.510 and I'm gonna shut down the poll in three, two, and one. 386 00:21:50.730 --> 00:21:54.153 And let's see how you all did. 387 00:21:55.920 --> 00:21:56.880 All right Susan. 388 00:21:56.880 --> 00:22:01.880 So once again we have an overwhelming vote for 98% 389 00:22:03.000 --> 00:22:06.990 of our attendees think it's a Pacific golden-plover. 390 00:22:06.990 --> 00:22:08.310 Are they correct? 391 00:22:08.310 --> 00:22:09.963 Yes, that's right. 392 00:22:10.920 --> 00:22:14.310 And Wally tells me you can say Plover or Plover. 393 00:22:14.310 --> 00:22:18.603 Both are correct either way. 394 00:22:27.330 --> 00:22:28.163 Hello? 395 00:22:41.670 --> 00:22:42.750 You're good to go Susan. 396 00:22:42.750 --> 00:22:43.583 Good to go. 397 00:22:43.583 --> 00:22:44.670 Okay, alright. 398 00:22:44.670 --> 00:22:46.980 So the other thing is we also have, 399 00:22:46.980 --> 00:22:50.490 besides the Plovers learning to live with us, 400 00:22:50.490 --> 00:22:54.750 we have learned here in Hawaiʻi to really live with them 401 00:22:54.750 --> 00:22:56.400 and to really like them. 402 00:22:56.400 --> 00:22:59.700 I went to the bank and my banker had these pictures 403 00:22:59.700 --> 00:23:03.298 and I said, what are these pictures that you (indistinct) 404 00:23:03.298 --> 00:23:05.557 "Oh, that's, I just like the birds so much 405 00:23:05.557 --> 00:23:07.147 "and this is near where I live. 406 00:23:07.147 --> 00:23:10.237 "So I made a little poster for my desk 407 00:23:10.237 --> 00:23:12.960 "so I can see the birds while I work." 408 00:23:12.960 --> 00:23:17.280 Another, this is a mosaic that's made a big one 409 00:23:17.280 --> 00:23:19.350 that's several feet tall and wide 410 00:23:19.350 --> 00:23:21.630 in front of a church in Kailua, 411 00:23:21.630 --> 00:23:25.140 that's an artist made and put up in front of a church. 412 00:23:25.140 --> 00:23:29.100 And a woman sent me a copy of a painting that she had made 413 00:23:29.100 --> 00:23:30.720 of the Pacific golden-plover. 414 00:23:30.720 --> 00:23:32.070 And this is Becky 415 00:23:32.070 --> 00:23:34.800 who lives in the front yard of one of my neighbors. 416 00:23:34.800 --> 00:23:36.060 And Suzanne makes sure 417 00:23:36.060 --> 00:23:38.520 that she always has water in the dishes 418 00:23:38.520 --> 00:23:40.410 so Becky can have a drink of water. 419 00:23:40.410 --> 00:23:43.830 So the thing is we all have really learned, 420 00:23:43.830 --> 00:23:44.880 they've learned to love us 421 00:23:44.880 --> 00:23:46.200 and we've learned to love them back, 422 00:23:46.200 --> 00:23:49.050 which is really unusual for native birds 423 00:23:49.050 --> 00:23:53.340 'cause we usually think of them as being shy 424 00:23:53.340 --> 00:23:57.243 and it's hard to approach some birds but not these. 425 00:23:58.110 --> 00:24:01.470 So as I said, they're territorial and they're site faithful, 426 00:24:01.470 --> 00:24:04.140 which means they go back to the same place year after year. 427 00:24:04.140 --> 00:24:07.650 If they survived one winter in a place, 428 00:24:07.650 --> 00:24:09.450 they'll come back to that winter and defend it. 429 00:24:09.450 --> 00:24:13.590 These are two birds fighting over a space in Punchbowl 430 00:24:13.590 --> 00:24:15.390 where we are doing some studies. 431 00:24:15.390 --> 00:24:18.300 And so it was really interesting to see if another bird gets 432 00:24:18.300 --> 00:24:23.220 in one another one's space, it will fight it for its space 433 00:24:23.220 --> 00:24:25.083 and it'll fight other species too. 434 00:24:26.820 --> 00:24:28.410 So they look different in the winter. 435 00:24:28.410 --> 00:24:31.560 All the males and females look alike in the winter 436 00:24:31.560 --> 00:24:34.560 and in the spring they start molting their winter feathers 437 00:24:34.560 --> 00:24:39.180 and growing in their spring breeding feathers 438 00:24:39.180 --> 00:24:42.360 and the males put on their tuxedos 439 00:24:42.360 --> 00:24:44.550 and the females all have speckled breasts. 440 00:24:44.550 --> 00:24:45.930 That's how you can tell the difference. 441 00:24:45.930 --> 00:24:48.810 You can only tell the difference starting about now 442 00:24:48.810 --> 00:24:51.780 they're starting to change in March and in April. 443 00:24:51.780 --> 00:24:53.250 And if they have a speckled breast, 444 00:24:53.250 --> 00:24:56.223 it's a female and if they're solid like that, it's male. 445 00:24:57.300 --> 00:25:01.027 So they come one person wrote me and said, 446 00:25:01.027 --> 00:25:04.357 "I had a bird in my yard all winter, 447 00:25:04.357 --> 00:25:06.757 "but now I have a different one. 448 00:25:06.757 --> 00:25:10.140 "Do you think the second one chased away the first?" 449 00:25:10.140 --> 00:25:11.867 But I think it was probably the same bird 450 00:25:11.867 --> 00:25:14.010 'cause they really look different. 451 00:25:14.010 --> 00:25:16.890 So it could have been this bird in the winter at the top, 452 00:25:16.890 --> 00:25:20.490 either skinny or fat, depending on when you see them. 453 00:25:20.490 --> 00:25:23.730 And then the male and females look really different. 454 00:25:23.730 --> 00:25:25.650 And there's a picture together. 455 00:25:25.650 --> 00:25:27.200 So you can tell the difference. 456 00:25:28.590 --> 00:25:32.520 In 1979, Wally Johnson started the Plover project 457 00:25:32.520 --> 00:25:34.920 because we really, really 458 00:25:34.920 --> 00:25:36.960 did needed to get some information. 459 00:25:36.960 --> 00:25:39.660 So that's one of the things we're doing now 460 00:25:39.660 --> 00:25:43.260 is putting little satellite tracking tabs 461 00:25:43.260 --> 00:25:45.600 on the bird's backs, those little backpacks 462 00:25:45.600 --> 00:25:49.200 and finding out some, getting some information. 463 00:25:49.200 --> 00:25:52.110 So Wally is in charge of that. 464 00:25:52.110 --> 00:25:55.483 He has been studying these birds for 60, 465 00:25:55.483 --> 00:25:57.300 70 years and is still going strong. 466 00:25:57.300 --> 00:25:59.440 He's arriving next week for some more work 467 00:26:00.450 --> 00:26:02.880 and he has done a lot of work on this. 468 00:26:02.880 --> 00:26:07.880 So the dark blue here is the range of the wintertime 469 00:26:11.610 --> 00:26:13.470 space that the Plovers go to. 470 00:26:13.470 --> 00:26:18.270 And in the summer, in the spring, excuse me, 471 00:26:18.270 --> 00:26:21.450 and early summer they go to the Arctic. 472 00:26:21.450 --> 00:26:24.870 And so there's a couple populations of Plovers. 473 00:26:24.870 --> 00:26:27.210 We have our own here in Hawaiʻi 474 00:26:27.210 --> 00:26:32.210 and we ours go from Hawaiʻi to Alaska nonstop 475 00:26:32.880 --> 00:26:36.390 3000 miles in three days both ways. 476 00:26:36.390 --> 00:26:38.760 They leave in April and come back in August 477 00:26:38.760 --> 00:26:42.540 and the another population is at 478 00:26:42.540 --> 00:26:45.390 flies to the South Pacific nonstop. 479 00:26:45.390 --> 00:26:48.750 But on the way back they stop in Japan to refuel. 480 00:26:48.750 --> 00:26:53.750 They eat bugs and insects in the Japanese rice fields 481 00:26:54.240 --> 00:26:55.800 and then they go on to Alaska. 482 00:26:55.800 --> 00:26:56.633 So it's interesting 483 00:26:56.633 --> 00:27:01.633 they can make it all the way down south in the spring, 484 00:27:01.717 --> 00:27:04.710 but when they go in the fall, 485 00:27:04.710 --> 00:27:07.530 but when they go back to Alaska, they have to stop. 486 00:27:07.530 --> 00:27:10.980 Kōlea by the way means one who takes and leaves. 487 00:27:10.980 --> 00:27:13.920 So the Hawaiians knew that they would come fatten up 488 00:27:13.920 --> 00:27:14.753 and then leave. 489 00:27:17.507 --> 00:27:21.790 And this is a map of one of Wally's mini studies 490 00:27:23.790 --> 00:27:27.060 of the Hawaiian Island birds. 491 00:27:27.060 --> 00:27:28.530 So you can see late April, 492 00:27:28.530 --> 00:27:31.413 the yellow ones go in late August they come back. 493 00:27:35.370 --> 00:27:40.370 The oldest bird that Wally has ever banded was 21 years 494 00:27:40.860 --> 00:27:43.530 and some months we don't know exactly 495 00:27:43.530 --> 00:27:45.270 because you don't know how old they are 496 00:27:45.270 --> 00:27:46.530 when they're banded. 497 00:27:46.530 --> 00:27:49.710 But this banded bird we've named Mr. X 498 00:27:49.710 --> 00:27:52.290 'cause he's in the X section of Punchbowl cemetery. 499 00:27:52.290 --> 00:27:55.050 And he was banded 20 years, 10 months ago. 500 00:27:55.050 --> 00:27:58.320 And if he makes one more round trip 501 00:27:58.320 --> 00:28:01.560 Wally says he will make the record for the all time 502 00:28:01.560 --> 00:28:03.630 oldest bird Plover that we know of. 503 00:28:03.630 --> 00:28:05.370 And so if you have a bird in your yard, 504 00:28:05.370 --> 00:28:07.893 you may have a friend for a really long time. 505 00:28:10.770 --> 00:28:15.030 The departure dates are end of April, beginning of May. 506 00:28:15.030 --> 00:28:19.290 This was gathering each year at Ford Island 507 00:28:19.290 --> 00:28:20.673 that a reader sent me. 508 00:28:22.170 --> 00:28:26.100 And so even though we know something about the Plovers, 509 00:28:26.100 --> 00:28:27.750 there's still a lot of things we don't know. 510 00:28:27.750 --> 00:28:30.750 And so one of my ideas for Hawaiʻi Audubon Society 511 00:28:30.750 --> 00:28:34.650 was to sponsor a study where people see these birds, 512 00:28:34.650 --> 00:28:36.600 we know them, they're in our yards, they're all over. 513 00:28:36.600 --> 00:28:41.070 We say if you record some of this information 514 00:28:41.070 --> 00:28:43.980 that you have anyway because we're out walking 515 00:28:43.980 --> 00:28:48.750 and seeing these birds, maybe we'll get some data 516 00:28:48.750 --> 00:28:51.390 that we can actually know more about the birds. 517 00:28:51.390 --> 00:28:54.423 So one question is when they come and go, 518 00:28:55.410 --> 00:28:57.330 let's see yeah, do they, 519 00:28:57.330 --> 00:28:58.980 when do they arrive and when do they leave? 520 00:28:58.980 --> 00:29:02.670 Is it the same day or does it vary? 521 00:29:02.670 --> 00:29:03.693 So here's another. 522 00:29:05.160 --> 00:29:08.553 All right, so here's our third poll for you folks. 523 00:29:09.960 --> 00:29:10.860 And the question is, 524 00:29:10.860 --> 00:29:15.480 Hawaiʻi Kōlea fly 3000 miles nonstop to Alaska, 525 00:29:15.480 --> 00:29:18.870 rest on the ocean surface during migration. 526 00:29:18.870 --> 00:29:23.870 Are excellent swimmers leave Hawaiʻi for Alaska in June. 527 00:29:23.910 --> 00:29:27.420 So go ahead and register your vote friends. 528 00:29:27.420 --> 00:29:32.420 And I am gonna close out the poll in three, two and one. 529 00:29:36.090 --> 00:29:38.220 And here are your results Susan. 530 00:29:38.220 --> 00:29:43.220 So 87% said fly 3000 miles nonstop to Alaska. 531 00:29:45.120 --> 00:29:48.450 9% said leave Hawaiʻi for Alaska 532 00:29:48.450 --> 00:29:52.140 and 4% said rest on the ocean during migration. 533 00:29:52.140 --> 00:29:54.630 So what is the correct answer? 534 00:29:54.630 --> 00:29:55.680 The correct answer is 535 00:29:55.680 --> 00:29:59.550 they fly 3000 miles nonstop to Alaska. 536 00:29:59.550 --> 00:30:04.550 They do not rest on the ocean ever because they cannot swim. 537 00:30:04.560 --> 00:30:07.050 So if they get onto the ocean, 538 00:30:07.050 --> 00:30:10.800 they would die and they don't leave for Alaska in June. 539 00:30:10.800 --> 00:30:14.010 Those are the ones that spend the summer here. 540 00:30:14.010 --> 00:30:16.410 They leave in April and May. 541 00:30:16.410 --> 00:30:17.430 If they're here in June, 542 00:30:17.430 --> 00:30:18.930 they're here for the summer. 543 00:30:20.640 --> 00:30:24.207 Okay, so the other thing is the number of, 544 00:30:29.370 --> 00:30:31.980 we don't know if the number of Kōlea 545 00:30:31.980 --> 00:30:33.930 is increasing or decreasing. 546 00:30:33.930 --> 00:30:35.850 And people have asked me about that 547 00:30:35.850 --> 00:30:39.765 and I say that's one of the reasons we're doing this, 548 00:30:39.765 --> 00:30:43.380 this study is to try to find that answer 549 00:30:43.380 --> 00:30:46.503 'cause we don't know if the number is stable. 550 00:30:48.060 --> 00:30:50.640 And the also we wanna know how many spend the winters here. 551 00:30:50.640 --> 00:30:51.960 That's the same thing. 552 00:30:51.960 --> 00:30:54.300 And the thing in June that I just said, 553 00:30:54.300 --> 00:30:55.590 if you see one in June, 554 00:30:55.590 --> 00:30:59.100 that means the bird didn't migrate to Alaska 555 00:30:59.100 --> 00:31:00.450 because it's too thin 556 00:31:00.450 --> 00:31:03.960 or it's something was wrong with it may have been injured. 557 00:31:03.960 --> 00:31:06.660 But the interesting thing is 558 00:31:06.660 --> 00:31:08.940 we don't know how many do not migrate. 559 00:31:08.940 --> 00:31:11.250 So if you see them in June, please let us know. 560 00:31:11.250 --> 00:31:13.140 That's part of the Kōlea Count. 561 00:31:13.140 --> 00:31:15.390 This study by the way goes year round. 562 00:31:15.390 --> 00:31:17.703 It's a 12 months year. 563 00:31:18.780 --> 00:31:21.150 Hey Susan, I think we're not seeing your screen. 564 00:31:21.150 --> 00:31:22.803 Do we close out the poll? 565 00:31:25.050 --> 00:31:26.580 Make sure we close out the poll 566 00:31:26.580 --> 00:31:29.250 and so we can see your screen again. 567 00:31:29.250 --> 00:31:31.000 For some reason it stopped sharing. 568 00:31:35.400 --> 00:31:37.500 Yeah, the poll is closed out. 569 00:31:37.500 --> 00:31:38.373 There we go. 570 00:31:41.330 --> 00:31:42.360 Is it back? 571 00:31:42.360 --> 00:31:43.660 Yep, you're back. 572 00:31:46.300 --> 00:31:47.133 Here we are. 573 00:31:47.133 --> 00:31:48.090 Okay, we're good. 574 00:31:48.090 --> 00:31:51.390 So that's increasing, decreasing the Kōlea. 575 00:31:51.390 --> 00:31:52.440 How many spent summers? 576 00:31:52.440 --> 00:31:54.280 I'll just say this goes year round 577 00:31:55.170 --> 00:31:58.260 and so you think we would know some of these things 578 00:31:58.260 --> 00:32:01.260 but the last statewide count was in 1949, 579 00:32:01.260 --> 00:32:02.247 which doesn't really count. 580 00:32:02.247 --> 00:32:04.710 And the interesting thing is even in 49, 581 00:32:04.710 --> 00:32:08.490 even though the birds were not being hunted legally anymore, 582 00:32:08.490 --> 00:32:09.900 they were still calling them states, 583 00:32:09.900 --> 00:32:11.433 still called them game birds. 584 00:32:13.770 --> 00:32:18.770 Wally counted the golf courses in, let's see, in 1992. 585 00:32:19.920 --> 00:32:24.570 But the range was such a wide range for the golf courses 586 00:32:24.570 --> 00:32:26.520 between two birds and 68 birds. 587 00:32:26.520 --> 00:32:29.580 That itʻs really hard to make any averages. 588 00:32:29.580 --> 00:32:31.410 So that's kind of a problem. 589 00:32:31.410 --> 00:32:33.780 We actually have to get out on the golf courses 590 00:32:33.780 --> 00:32:37.800 and today there were 37, today there's 82 golf courses. 591 00:32:37.800 --> 00:32:40.350 So that's quite a bit of counting. 592 00:32:40.350 --> 00:32:43.230 And the golfers have not been really very cooperative 593 00:32:43.230 --> 00:32:45.060 in helping us do this. 594 00:32:45.060 --> 00:32:50.060 In 1968, the state estimated or counted however they did it, 595 00:32:51.000 --> 00:32:53.553 I don't know, nine, 5,000, over 5,000 Kōlea. 596 00:32:54.450 --> 00:32:57.360 But they still call them game birds even in 1968. 597 00:32:57.360 --> 00:33:00.750 So it takes a long time to make a change 598 00:33:00.750 --> 00:33:02.027 in how we think about these birds 599 00:33:02.027 --> 00:33:04.860 'cause they certainly we're not game birds 600 00:33:04.860 --> 00:33:07.713 for over 30, 40 years by then. 601 00:33:09.360 --> 00:33:10.260 People have said to me 602 00:33:10.260 --> 00:33:12.900 why don't you go count them in Alaska? 603 00:33:12.900 --> 00:33:17.460 And Wally has done some tagging studies and the red dots 604 00:33:17.460 --> 00:33:22.460 are where the Hawaiʻi birds nest in the summer. 605 00:33:22.530 --> 00:33:25.620 And the blue ones are where the other Pacific population, 606 00:33:25.620 --> 00:33:27.690 Asia population nest. 607 00:33:27.690 --> 00:33:31.470 And so the problem of counting them in Alaska 608 00:33:31.470 --> 00:33:33.840 is this, what is what it looks like there. 609 00:33:33.840 --> 00:33:37.710 I went there with Wally and it's really enormous, 610 00:33:37.710 --> 00:33:42.710 enormous distances to try to even find one bird. 611 00:33:42.930 --> 00:33:47.930 So it's not really possible to count birds in Alaska, 612 00:33:49.140 --> 00:33:51.600 especially if you're looking for leg bands 613 00:33:51.600 --> 00:33:53.250 or little backpacks. 614 00:33:53.250 --> 00:33:57.960 And so we had eight satellite tags on Tahiti birds 615 00:33:57.960 --> 00:34:00.681 and that's why I went with Wally to help them find them. 616 00:34:00.681 --> 00:34:02.820 And so you have to find them with binoculars 617 00:34:02.820 --> 00:34:04.260 then walk through 618 00:34:04.260 --> 00:34:06.480 when you do see one walk through this tundra, 619 00:34:06.480 --> 00:34:07.710 which is very difficult. 620 00:34:07.710 --> 00:34:09.063 Can you see the bird there? 621 00:34:09.960 --> 00:34:10.863 There it is. 622 00:34:12.000 --> 00:34:13.890 So six of us worked for a whole week 623 00:34:13.890 --> 00:34:16.950 and we only recovered four of eight tags 624 00:34:16.950 --> 00:34:18.990 and we even kind of knew where the birds were. 625 00:34:18.990 --> 00:34:21.390 So just say it's very difficult. 626 00:34:21.390 --> 00:34:25.860 It's beautiful but very, very much widespread area 627 00:34:25.860 --> 00:34:26.760 that they nest in. 628 00:34:27.840 --> 00:34:30.188 And the great thing is the chicks are, 629 00:34:30.188 --> 00:34:32.490 when you do find a nest, 630 00:34:32.490 --> 00:34:35.400 you have to be really careful not to step on the eggs. 631 00:34:35.400 --> 00:34:36.390 You can see on the left 632 00:34:36.390 --> 00:34:39.390 how wonderfully camouflaged they are. 633 00:34:39.390 --> 00:34:42.390 The male builds an nest and female lays the eggs 634 00:34:42.390 --> 00:34:45.660 and they really match the tundra, the four chicks, 635 00:34:45.660 --> 00:34:48.360 it's always four eggs and the four chicks 636 00:34:48.360 --> 00:34:50.460 hatch very pretty close together. 637 00:34:50.460 --> 00:34:52.860 Parents keep 'em warm till they're all hatched. 638 00:34:52.860 --> 00:34:57.660 And interestingly the chick's hatched with legs, adult size. 639 00:34:57.660 --> 00:35:01.620 So these are the size of the legs of an adult Kōlea 640 00:35:03.300 --> 00:35:04.440 when it's first hatched. 641 00:35:04.440 --> 00:35:09.440 So that's why Wally can put on the leg bands on a chick. 642 00:35:09.690 --> 00:35:14.690 So they have these really amazingly hilarious huge feet 643 00:35:14.730 --> 00:35:15.563 and legs. 644 00:35:17.430 --> 00:35:20.280 People tell me they've seen chicks in Hawaiʻi 645 00:35:20.280 --> 00:35:25.080 with a Kōlea chicks and it's common and easy mistake. 646 00:35:25.080 --> 00:35:26.790 But these are Ruddy turnstones, 647 00:35:26.790 --> 00:35:30.450 it's a different kind of shorebird and they tend to... 648 00:35:30.450 --> 00:35:32.250 Usually there's one Kōlea 649 00:35:32.250 --> 00:35:34.830 with a little flock of Ruddy turnstones. 650 00:35:34.830 --> 00:35:37.230 And so someone sent me this great picture 651 00:35:37.230 --> 00:35:40.411 of the Kōlea standing with the Ruddy turnstones. 652 00:35:40.411 --> 00:35:42.027 So you'll never see chicks. 653 00:35:42.027 --> 00:35:45.330 You do see young Plovers in Hawaiʻi, 654 00:35:45.330 --> 00:35:48.160 it they are, they'll look like the adults 655 00:35:49.110 --> 00:35:51.240 'cause they've had just had to fly 3000 miles. 656 00:35:51.240 --> 00:35:54.243 So they're adult size with adult feathers. 657 00:35:56.370 --> 00:36:00.330 Good question for me to setting this up with Wally was do 658 00:36:00.330 --> 00:36:04.200 will people help us collect this data 659 00:36:04.200 --> 00:36:06.330 if we start this site? 660 00:36:06.330 --> 00:36:08.670 And the happy answer is yes. 661 00:36:08.670 --> 00:36:10.860 So people were very enthusiastic, 662 00:36:10.860 --> 00:36:15.860 like everyone has a story and charming and warm stories 663 00:36:16.860 --> 00:36:17.750 about their Kōlea. 664 00:36:17.750 --> 00:36:19.920 So we made t-shirts for people 665 00:36:19.920 --> 00:36:24.920 to help us support the count and also we had clickers 666 00:36:26.280 --> 00:36:29.040 that we can give you if you wanna count big areas. 667 00:36:29.040 --> 00:36:32.670 And we made launch this website in February, 2020 668 00:36:32.670 --> 00:36:35.160 and we all know what happened in March of 2020. 669 00:36:35.160 --> 00:36:37.200 So we had a little slow start. 670 00:36:37.200 --> 00:36:38.640 I wasn't able to get out 671 00:36:38.640 --> 00:36:42.510 and publicize it as much as I want to, but now I am. 672 00:36:42.510 --> 00:36:44.130 So I get to do it now. 673 00:36:44.130 --> 00:36:46.290 So we started, this is the website. 674 00:36:46.290 --> 00:36:49.020 If you just go to Kōlea Count, this will come up 675 00:36:49.020 --> 00:36:51.420 and there's report tabs, there's guidelines, 676 00:36:51.420 --> 00:36:53.850 there's history, there's the news tab. 677 00:36:53.850 --> 00:36:55.290 Just tell you if you subscribe 678 00:36:55.290 --> 00:36:58.650 you'll just get a notice from the website 679 00:36:58.650 --> 00:37:01.740 that I have posted another story about Kōlea. 680 00:37:01.740 --> 00:37:03.390 So you'll know when there's news, 681 00:37:03.390 --> 00:37:06.183 but you can read up on the old ones they're there too. 682 00:37:07.590 --> 00:37:09.420 We made little counts and big counts. 683 00:37:09.420 --> 00:37:12.450 A little counts are for the one or two birds in your yard 684 00:37:12.450 --> 00:37:14.910 or a bird you see on a street corner 685 00:37:14.910 --> 00:37:17.220 that you just wanna tell us a little about 686 00:37:17.220 --> 00:37:20.340 and record when it arrived and maybe when it left, 687 00:37:20.340 --> 00:37:22.260 which will help us with some data. 688 00:37:22.260 --> 00:37:27.260 And then the big counts are parks, resorts, cemeteries, 689 00:37:29.970 --> 00:37:33.120 the military bases and ranches. 690 00:37:33.120 --> 00:37:36.540 And so people have been sending me pictures of their ranch. 691 00:37:36.540 --> 00:37:40.200 This was from the Big Island right after we started. 692 00:37:40.200 --> 00:37:43.500 So the nice thing is you can do a little count 693 00:37:43.500 --> 00:37:48.500 or a big count and record when you see the guidelines, 694 00:37:49.110 --> 00:37:51.900 you'll see what we want to ask you to do. 695 00:37:51.900 --> 00:37:53.520 It's fairly easy to count. 696 00:37:53.520 --> 00:37:54.960 You aren't really getting, 697 00:37:54.960 --> 00:37:58.290 usually counting two birds the same time 698 00:37:58.290 --> 00:37:59.670 but occasionally you might, 699 00:37:59.670 --> 00:38:01.830 but on the other hand you might be missing some. 700 00:38:01.830 --> 00:38:03.960 So we think kind of evens out. 701 00:38:03.960 --> 00:38:07.680 It's not obviously a really precise count. 702 00:38:07.680 --> 00:38:12.680 We only got seven people to count golf courses. 703 00:38:13.380 --> 00:38:15.960 So 73 golf courses when counted 704 00:38:15.960 --> 00:38:17.910 to an enormous number of birds. 705 00:38:17.910 --> 00:38:20.070 So that's one of my goals 706 00:38:20.070 --> 00:38:22.620 is to try to get more of the golf courses counted. 707 00:38:22.620 --> 00:38:24.183 They love the golf courses. 708 00:38:25.170 --> 00:38:27.600 And so this is what we do on Christmas each year. 709 00:38:27.600 --> 00:38:30.720 I live near mid Pacific Golf course on O'ahu 710 00:38:30.720 --> 00:38:34.950 and we just go out, my niece and her husband Greg and I 711 00:38:34.950 --> 00:38:36.180 go on Christmas and New Year's 712 00:38:36.180 --> 00:38:38.040 when the golf courses are closed and count. 713 00:38:38.040 --> 00:38:40.800 So that's an idea if you do live near a golf course 714 00:38:40.800 --> 00:38:43.260 and they don't want you walking on it when it's open 715 00:38:43.260 --> 00:38:44.970 you can maybe help us when it's closed. 716 00:38:44.970 --> 00:38:48.660 It's a nice walking and fun to do. 717 00:38:48.660 --> 00:38:53.610 So the first year we got 1500 people reporting birds 718 00:38:53.610 --> 00:38:56.130 and these are the numbers and you can see O'ahu 719 00:38:56.130 --> 00:38:59.580 we had the most, but mostly that's probably because 720 00:38:59.580 --> 00:39:02.820 I was able to get around O'ahu much easier 721 00:39:02.820 --> 00:39:04.590 to tell people what's happening 722 00:39:04.590 --> 00:39:06.890 and now we're spreading the word a little bit. 723 00:39:07.800 --> 00:39:11.070 Also spreading the word with children and their parents. 724 00:39:11.070 --> 00:39:13.620 And this little girl was so excited to show me 725 00:39:13.620 --> 00:39:17.523 that she knew what Kōlea was in the "Hawaiʻi Bird Book" 726 00:39:18.420 --> 00:39:22.050 and we're beginning to go to preschools 727 00:39:22.050 --> 00:39:25.050 and the kids are fantastic to teach. 728 00:39:25.050 --> 00:39:26.370 And we have an artist 729 00:39:26.370 --> 00:39:28.860 who is working with Hawaiʻi Audubon Society 730 00:39:28.860 --> 00:39:32.250 who's going to with us to little older students. 731 00:39:32.250 --> 00:39:36.660 These are first graders in Waipahu and she's helping us, 732 00:39:36.660 --> 00:39:39.933 helping the kids and me too learn how to draw birds. 733 00:39:41.220 --> 00:39:43.023 Here's another little quiz. 734 00:39:44.010 --> 00:39:48.540 All right, so here we have our last poll. 735 00:39:48.540 --> 00:39:53.130 So the question is Kōlea are they vegetarians, 736 00:39:53.130 --> 00:39:56.970 eat only worms, raise chickens in Hawaiʻi, 737 00:39:56.970 --> 00:39:59.370 can live to be 20 years old? 738 00:39:59.370 --> 00:40:04.370 So go ahead and vote and I see about 50% of you have voted. 739 00:40:04.380 --> 00:40:06.930 You guys are really quick and on it 740 00:40:06.930 --> 00:40:11.930 and I'm gonna close down the poll in three, two, one 741 00:40:12.810 --> 00:40:15.480 and let's get you those results. 742 00:40:15.480 --> 00:40:19.170 Well Susan, we've got a really Akamai bunch here. 743 00:40:19.170 --> 00:40:24.000 So 97% can live to be 20 years old. 744 00:40:24.000 --> 00:40:25.203 How did our audience do? 745 00:40:26.610 --> 00:40:27.780 Great, that's great. 746 00:40:27.780 --> 00:40:29.193 Yeah, they can live at least 20, 747 00:40:29.193 --> 00:40:32.850 well maybe more and they never raise chicks in Hawaiʻi 748 00:40:32.850 --> 00:40:36.720 and they eat anything that crawls and of course worms, 749 00:40:36.720 --> 00:40:40.800 the bugs and worms and things they eat are not vegetables. 750 00:40:40.800 --> 00:40:42.120 So they eat animals, 751 00:40:42.120 --> 00:40:45.360 they also eat berries sometimes if they can find them. 752 00:40:45.360 --> 00:40:46.620 So thank you. 753 00:40:46.620 --> 00:40:48.573 Okay, ready to go. 754 00:40:50.790 --> 00:40:54.750 So this is just a picture of that one of the students drew, 755 00:40:54.750 --> 00:40:55.890 I thought I'd share it with you 756 00:40:55.890 --> 00:40:58.380 'cause it's particularly cute, 757 00:40:58.380 --> 00:41:01.500 she said the pattern looks like broken hearts, 758 00:41:01.500 --> 00:41:02.820 which is very touching. 759 00:41:02.820 --> 00:41:05.460 They eat crawly things and long legs. 760 00:41:05.460 --> 00:41:07.890 And so one of the points of doing this 761 00:41:07.890 --> 00:41:12.890 is to teach children and the rest of us what to look for 762 00:41:13.080 --> 00:41:14.610 when you're looking at a bird. 763 00:41:14.610 --> 00:41:19.610 So do you want to Just say, I saw a brown bird 764 00:41:22.407 --> 00:41:25.887 or have the kids actually identify the colors 765 00:41:25.887 --> 00:41:26.790 and the patterns. 766 00:41:26.790 --> 00:41:28.590 And that would do the same with fish, 767 00:41:28.590 --> 00:41:29.760 which I've also studied. 768 00:41:29.760 --> 00:41:33.180 And someone will say, oh I saw a fish with stripes. 769 00:41:33.180 --> 00:41:34.890 Well that doesn't really do much good 770 00:41:34.890 --> 00:41:36.030 if you wanna identify it. 771 00:41:36.030 --> 00:41:38.910 So that's the point of this thing, 772 00:41:38.910 --> 00:41:41.670 not to see how good an artist the kids are. 773 00:41:41.670 --> 00:41:43.983 And kids really great about telling them that. 774 00:41:46.206 --> 00:41:47.039 We also go to high schools, 775 00:41:47.039 --> 00:41:49.620 which doesn't seem like the kids are paying attention. 776 00:41:49.620 --> 00:41:50.850 You can see here they're reading, 777 00:41:50.850 --> 00:41:52.500 some of 'em are reading their phones. 778 00:41:52.500 --> 00:41:55.020 But we really have some great teachers who are really, 779 00:41:55.020 --> 00:41:56.460 we're really trying to help. 780 00:41:56.460 --> 00:41:58.513 And I do know that the, 781 00:41:58.513 --> 00:42:01.230 a lot of the students really are paying attention. 782 00:42:01.230 --> 00:42:06.150 We take them then outside and look for Kōlea, 783 00:42:06.150 --> 00:42:08.583 which is a fun part of the classes. 784 00:42:09.930 --> 00:42:11.970 We've also gone to senior citizen centers 785 00:42:11.970 --> 00:42:14.940 and had really, really had a good time there. 786 00:42:14.940 --> 00:42:18.480 Most of the seniors in Hawaiʻi know about the Kōlea 787 00:42:18.480 --> 00:42:20.490 and when they were living at home 788 00:42:20.490 --> 00:42:22.560 and had yards of their own, they had them there. 789 00:42:22.560 --> 00:42:24.360 And this is in a Hawaiʻi Kai 790 00:42:24.360 --> 00:42:26.260 and we found several outside here too. 791 00:42:28.080 --> 00:42:32.310 So this is the Kōlea Count website, the homepage, 792 00:42:32.310 --> 00:42:34.860 and you can get almost everything you need on the homepage 793 00:42:34.860 --> 00:42:38.670 is scroll down and there'll be the guidelines 794 00:42:38.670 --> 00:42:39.570 and there'll be the link. 795 00:42:39.570 --> 00:42:40.664 There it is. 796 00:42:40.664 --> 00:42:45.000 This is the bitly link that goes to this place. 797 00:42:45.000 --> 00:42:46.560 And if you, wherever you live, 798 00:42:46.560 --> 00:42:50.010 if you would like to count at a place, 799 00:42:50.010 --> 00:42:54.240 you press one of the areas and this will come up. 800 00:42:54.240 --> 00:42:56.460 You cannot put the X's on there. 801 00:42:56.460 --> 00:42:59.580 You have to contact me to sign up. 802 00:42:59.580 --> 00:43:03.780 We had in the beginning that you could sign up yourself, 803 00:43:03.780 --> 00:43:05.220 but that didn't work out very well. 804 00:43:05.220 --> 00:43:06.960 There was some hackers 805 00:43:06.960 --> 00:43:08.880 and some other things that were happening. 806 00:43:08.880 --> 00:43:10.920 So just email me. 807 00:43:10.920 --> 00:43:14.610 I will put the X on it's read only 808 00:43:14.610 --> 00:43:17.340 and then I'll sign up your name so I can contact you 809 00:43:17.340 --> 00:43:19.500 if we wanna have a conversation. 810 00:43:19.500 --> 00:43:23.430 And here's the contact page and that goes directly to me 811 00:43:23.430 --> 00:43:25.263 and I will sign you up. 812 00:43:26.790 --> 00:43:28.980 I just wanna say a word about bird rescues. 813 00:43:28.980 --> 00:43:32.610 People call me fairly often about birds with broken legs. 814 00:43:32.610 --> 00:43:37.290 You cannot catch a bird, a Kōlea with two good wings. 815 00:43:37.290 --> 00:43:40.593 So if it's got a broken leg, it may or may not survive, 816 00:43:42.090 --> 00:43:45.450 it might, it can do okay if it can stay away from predators, 817 00:43:45.450 --> 00:43:49.020 but if it's got two good wings, we, you cannot catch it. 818 00:43:49.020 --> 00:43:49.950 We really tried, 819 00:43:49.950 --> 00:43:52.830 we've tried all kinds of ways and they just fly away. 820 00:43:52.830 --> 00:43:56.430 So if it's got a broken leg, we just hope for the best. 821 00:43:56.430 --> 00:44:00.540 And if it has a injured wing, which would this one did, 822 00:44:00.540 --> 00:44:02.640 someone called me and we went and collected it 823 00:44:02.640 --> 00:44:06.030 and took it to the veterinary hospital Feather and Fur 824 00:44:06.030 --> 00:44:07.740 here in Kailua. 825 00:44:07.740 --> 00:44:12.740 And they evaluate it to see if it needs rehabilitation 826 00:44:12.960 --> 00:44:17.160 and what its survival chances are 827 00:44:17.160 --> 00:44:19.950 so you can catch it if it's got a broken wing 828 00:44:19.950 --> 00:44:23.250 and as you can see they'll not bite and they do not scratch. 829 00:44:23.250 --> 00:44:26.073 So it's really easy and safe to pick them up. 830 00:44:27.810 --> 00:44:32.520 I just wanna also mention that Blanche our white bird 831 00:44:32.520 --> 00:44:35.910 that we, Kōlea that we saw at he appeared, 832 00:44:35.910 --> 00:44:37.500 got eaten by cats. 833 00:44:37.500 --> 00:44:41.580 So there were 35 cats around my car when I was there. 834 00:44:41.580 --> 00:44:45.150 There's no question that bird got eaten. 835 00:44:45.150 --> 00:44:48.090 And I just wanna say that Hawaiʻi Audubon Society 836 00:44:48.090 --> 00:44:50.640 is asking you, please, please 837 00:44:50.640 --> 00:44:53.550 don't let your pet cat out to roam free. 838 00:44:53.550 --> 00:44:56.310 And if you do wanna take it out, put it on a leash. 839 00:44:56.310 --> 00:44:59.670 Two of my neighbors have leashed cats and they do just fine. 840 00:44:59.670 --> 00:45:03.780 So cats are a big problem for all of our birds, 841 00:45:03.780 --> 00:45:04.880 Native and non-native. 842 00:45:06.840 --> 00:45:10.290 So this is our little keep cats safe indoors. 843 00:45:10.290 --> 00:45:12.810 And even if they're neutered, 844 00:45:12.810 --> 00:45:15.033 which these are at Heʻia 845 00:45:15.033 --> 00:45:16.080 'cause their ears are notched, 846 00:45:16.080 --> 00:45:17.190 you can't see that very well. 847 00:45:17.190 --> 00:45:19.650 They are, they still eat birds. 848 00:45:19.650 --> 00:45:21.750 It's their nature, it's what they do. 849 00:45:21.750 --> 00:45:23.070 They're predators 850 00:45:23.070 --> 00:45:26.793 and keep dogs also are thing keep 'em on a leash. 851 00:45:27.840 --> 00:45:32.840 So this is the end of my talk. 852 00:45:33.150 --> 00:45:36.960 Every Kōlea counts, even we don't know, 853 00:45:36.960 --> 00:45:39.270 this is only our second year of the study. 854 00:45:39.270 --> 00:45:43.590 So even if we get some data, 855 00:45:43.590 --> 00:45:45.780 we're gonna wait until we have years 856 00:45:45.780 --> 00:45:49.320 of some years of data to see if the numbers are increasing 857 00:45:49.320 --> 00:45:51.720 or decreasing in the lot big counts. 858 00:45:51.720 --> 00:45:53.850 So please keep going year after year. 859 00:45:53.850 --> 00:45:58.850 And even if you don't know if you're doing it correctly, 860 00:46:00.270 --> 00:46:02.250 I get people saying, I don't know if I'm doing it right. 861 00:46:02.250 --> 00:46:03.910 I don't know how to do this, I don't know much about birds. 862 00:46:03.910 --> 00:46:07.200 We're still appreciating the birds, we're noticing them, 863 00:46:07.200 --> 00:46:08.790 we're sharing this with other people. 864 00:46:08.790 --> 00:46:13.790 We're getting one of our really adaptable Native birds 865 00:46:14.100 --> 00:46:16.050 some attention that it deserves. 866 00:46:16.050 --> 00:46:21.050 So this is the thing, the count, the big count starter, 867 00:46:21.360 --> 00:46:24.437 little end, big count starts December 1st of March 31st. 868 00:46:24.437 --> 00:46:27.570 That's the wintertime after the chicks are here, 869 00:46:27.570 --> 00:46:30.120 but before they've started flocking together. 870 00:46:30.120 --> 00:46:33.480 So you still have a little time to the end of this month, 871 00:46:33.480 --> 00:46:34.980 but even after that you still, 872 00:46:34.980 --> 00:46:36.630 you can notice it when they leave, 873 00:46:36.630 --> 00:46:37.950 when they're here all summer 874 00:46:37.950 --> 00:46:40.080 and when they come back in August. 875 00:46:40.080 --> 00:46:41.613 So just keeps going. 876 00:46:44.016 --> 00:46:45.990 And that tell you once you start this 877 00:46:45.990 --> 00:46:47.610 and get involved with this, 878 00:46:47.610 --> 00:46:49.170 there's nothing better in the world 879 00:46:49.170 --> 00:46:50.880 than getting up close and personal. 880 00:46:50.880 --> 00:46:54.690 We have a couple places for some volunteers 881 00:46:54.690 --> 00:46:58.290 to help with some work that Wally is doing at Punchbowl. 882 00:46:58.290 --> 00:47:01.860 And really everybody, who ever holds a Kōlea 883 00:47:01.860 --> 00:47:04.020 or watches a Kōlea is smiling. 884 00:47:04.020 --> 00:47:06.273 All these people are smiling. 885 00:47:08.160 --> 00:47:09.930 This is the Hawaiʻi Audubon website 886 00:47:09.930 --> 00:47:12.450 and you can see up under what we do, 887 00:47:12.450 --> 00:47:16.800 you can see all all of the website will come up for there 888 00:47:16.800 --> 00:47:19.440 and see other things that we're doing with tours 889 00:47:19.440 --> 00:47:23.250 and schools and talks. 890 00:47:23.250 --> 00:47:26.580 Just contact us, contact me through Kōlea 891 00:47:26.580 --> 00:47:28.353 or contact us through this website. 892 00:47:29.250 --> 00:47:31.140 Wally and I co-authored a book if you, 893 00:47:31.140 --> 00:47:34.350 this is everything we know about the Kōlea so far 894 00:47:34.350 --> 00:47:37.110 and so if you wanna help support the program, 895 00:47:37.110 --> 00:47:40.170 you can buy this book on the Hawaiʻi Audubon's website 896 00:47:40.170 --> 00:47:42.540 and also "Hawaiiʻs Birds" 897 00:47:42.540 --> 00:47:46.500 which is Hawaiʻi Audubon Society's the only one of 450 898 00:47:46.500 --> 00:47:48.180 Audubon Societies in the country 899 00:47:48.180 --> 00:47:49.830 that has its own bird book. 900 00:47:49.830 --> 00:47:52.920 So this also helps support the Audubon Society 901 00:47:52.920 --> 00:47:55.023 and our citizen science projects. 902 00:47:56.610 --> 00:48:00.360 So that's all I have to share with you. 903 00:48:00.360 --> 00:48:03.390 I have a lot more, but that's all for this time. 904 00:48:03.390 --> 00:48:08.100 And I just wanna say how great this has been for me. 905 00:48:08.100 --> 00:48:11.460 I used to write about marine species 906 00:48:11.460 --> 00:48:15.390 and that included seabirds and also the Kōlea shorebirds 907 00:48:15.390 --> 00:48:18.160 'cause people ask me a lot about 'em and that is me 908 00:48:19.290 --> 00:48:21.030 with the midnight sun in Alaska 909 00:48:21.030 --> 00:48:23.340 behind me in the eye of a Kōlea. 910 00:48:23.340 --> 00:48:26.580 It's one of my favorite all-time pictures. 911 00:48:26.580 --> 00:48:28.350 You have questions please? 912 00:48:28.350 --> 00:48:30.720 That is really cool. 913 00:48:30.720 --> 00:48:33.930 Yeah, wow Susan for awesome talk. 914 00:48:33.930 --> 00:48:37.230 We do have some nice questions for you 915 00:48:37.230 --> 00:48:40.113 and thanks for leaving time for that. 916 00:48:40.980 --> 00:48:42.513 I'll go through a few of them. 917 00:48:43.770 --> 00:48:45.090 One person asked. 918 00:48:45.090 --> 00:48:48.780 Isn't avian malaria a problem in Hawaiʻi? 919 00:48:48.780 --> 00:48:52.290 It seems like making sure there's water and dishes available 920 00:48:52.290 --> 00:48:54.120 for the birds attracts mosquitoes 921 00:48:54.120 --> 00:48:55.743 and exacerbates the problem? 922 00:48:57.630 --> 00:49:02.460 Some birds are resistant to avian malaria and I'm not, 923 00:49:02.460 --> 00:49:03.570 I can't say for sure, 924 00:49:03.570 --> 00:49:08.280 but I don't think that avian malaria affects our Plovers 925 00:49:08.280 --> 00:49:12.240 because they have flown to other parts of the world 926 00:49:12.240 --> 00:49:14.940 where mosquitoes are abundant. 927 00:49:14.940 --> 00:49:18.720 And so I know that the birds on the mainland 928 00:49:18.720 --> 00:49:22.530 and birds that have evolved with mosquitoes 929 00:49:22.530 --> 00:49:24.450 have become resistant to avian malaria. 930 00:49:24.450 --> 00:49:27.750 And one of the reasons Hawaiiʻs birds get avian malaria 931 00:49:27.750 --> 00:49:28.583 and die from it is 932 00:49:28.583 --> 00:49:32.490 'cause they have not been exposed to it in the past 933 00:49:32.490 --> 00:49:33.630 when they evolved. 934 00:49:33.630 --> 00:49:36.300 So I have never heard of any of the Kōlea 935 00:49:36.300 --> 00:49:38.520 getting avian malaria. 936 00:49:38.520 --> 00:49:40.230 They may get the bird flu. 937 00:49:40.230 --> 00:49:41.250 We don't know that yet. 938 00:49:41.250 --> 00:49:42.300 That's another thing. 939 00:49:43.260 --> 00:49:45.030 Yeah, that makes sense. 940 00:49:45.030 --> 00:49:47.400 Yeah, I'll ask Wally when he gets here, 941 00:49:47.400 --> 00:49:50.302 if he's heard of any avian malaria among Kōlea, 942 00:49:50.302 --> 00:49:51.670 but I have not heard of it. 943 00:49:51.670 --> 00:49:54.210 Okay, yeah, he's on the presentation 944 00:49:54.210 --> 00:49:57.720 so if he wants to type anything into the question box. 945 00:49:57.720 --> 00:49:58.553 That's great. 946 00:49:59.580 --> 00:50:00.413 Let's see. 947 00:50:00.413 --> 00:50:04.800 So one person wants to know, is there any, 948 00:50:04.800 --> 00:50:06.990 how often there are territorial turnovers 949 00:50:06.990 --> 00:50:10.313 or displacement of a resident by like a new Kōlea 950 00:50:10.313 --> 00:50:12.153 they're so territorial. 951 00:50:13.470 --> 00:50:15.273 Well we don't know that. 952 00:50:16.410 --> 00:50:18.390 I don't think that's known. 953 00:50:18.390 --> 00:50:22.770 If a bird is there all season 954 00:50:22.770 --> 00:50:25.170 and then it disappears in the middle of the season 955 00:50:25.170 --> 00:50:28.980 before migration, it probably died. 956 00:50:28.980 --> 00:50:29.850 And I don't know, 957 00:50:29.850 --> 00:50:33.570 I've had people ask me how do I attract a Kōlea into my yard 958 00:50:33.570 --> 00:50:35.760 'cause I had one and now I don't. 959 00:50:35.760 --> 00:50:36.900 But you don't attract them. 960 00:50:36.900 --> 00:50:39.630 They decide it themselves where they wanna go. 961 00:50:39.630 --> 00:50:42.480 They pick, find a place that they can survive 962 00:50:42.480 --> 00:50:46.470 where there's enough food insects and spiders and worms 963 00:50:46.470 --> 00:50:49.860 and cockroaches and if they live through the winter, 964 00:50:49.860 --> 00:50:50.940 that'll be their space. 965 00:50:50.940 --> 00:50:52.920 But if they don't make it, 966 00:50:52.920 --> 00:50:55.230 I have one right now that I've been watching all winter 967 00:50:55.230 --> 00:50:58.500 that has not shown up for the last few weeks. 968 00:50:58.500 --> 00:51:01.950 So I'm thinking it was probably died. 969 00:51:01.950 --> 00:51:04.500 I think the average lifespan, they can live to 20, 970 00:51:04.500 --> 00:51:07.770 but the average lifespans much, much lower. 971 00:51:07.770 --> 00:51:10.233 They live a hard life without migration. 972 00:51:11.370 --> 00:51:13.743 I think the average lifespans six, eight years. 973 00:51:16.170 --> 00:51:19.407 How do they navigate from Hawaiʻi to Alaska 974 00:51:19.407 --> 00:51:22.380 and even Japan for the other population? 975 00:51:22.380 --> 00:51:24.630 Yeah, another great question. 976 00:51:24.630 --> 00:51:25.503 We don't know. 977 00:51:27.180 --> 00:51:31.770 It's unknown how you know how all these shorebirds 978 00:51:31.770 --> 00:51:36.330 are just amazing navigators and long distance flyers 979 00:51:36.330 --> 00:51:41.330 but they, it may be some magnetic component in their heads 980 00:51:41.670 --> 00:51:43.170 that they know which way they're going 981 00:51:43.170 --> 00:51:44.003 or where they're going. 982 00:51:44.003 --> 00:51:46.050 But the amazing thing too, 983 00:51:46.050 --> 00:51:48.420 and we don't know how they manage 984 00:51:48.420 --> 00:51:53.420 is that the chicks that fly that fledge from Alaska, 985 00:51:53.730 --> 00:51:56.910 the parents leave first and leave the chicks alone 986 00:51:56.910 --> 00:51:58.923 to make their own way to Hawaiʻi. 987 00:52:00.106 --> 00:52:00.939 Wow. 988 00:52:00.939 --> 00:52:03.900 So they just have to find Hawaiʻi themselves or not. 989 00:52:03.900 --> 00:52:08.900 And so we don't know how many perish but it's probably a lot 990 00:52:09.990 --> 00:52:12.390 is it 'cause the population in Hawaiʻi 991 00:52:12.390 --> 00:52:14.460 is not rapidly increasing. 992 00:52:14.460 --> 00:52:16.590 So, but that's another thing 993 00:52:16.590 --> 00:52:18.030 that hopefully we'll get some data 994 00:52:18.030 --> 00:52:20.940 and it finds some of these things out. 995 00:52:20.940 --> 00:52:23.280 It must be the smell of laulau 996 00:52:23.280 --> 00:52:24.960 wafting in the breeze. 997 00:52:24.960 --> 00:52:27.240 You know, they smell the Hawaiian foods. 998 00:52:27.240 --> 00:52:28.683 Yeah, well you wonder. 999 00:52:30.838 --> 00:52:32.877 Let's see how... 1000 00:52:32.877 --> 00:52:36.060 The question do the birds sometimes stay in Hawaiʻi 1001 00:52:36.060 --> 00:52:37.020 and not migrate? 1002 00:52:37.020 --> 00:52:38.190 I think you covered this a little bit. 1003 00:52:38.190 --> 00:52:39.693 Any other information on that? 1004 00:52:40.770 --> 00:52:44.580 Yeah, some of the birds, when we see birds here in June, 1005 00:52:44.580 --> 00:52:48.000 we figure that pretty much figure they did not leave 1006 00:52:48.000 --> 00:52:49.800 because they leave in the end of April 1007 00:52:49.800 --> 00:52:52.410 early May at the latest 1008 00:52:52.410 --> 00:52:54.060 'cause otherwise they won't have time 1009 00:52:54.060 --> 00:52:59.060 through the breeding season to lay eggs and raise chicks. 1010 00:52:59.280 --> 00:53:00.720 So they're here in June, 1011 00:53:00.720 --> 00:53:02.910 they're pretty sure they did not leave 1012 00:53:02.910 --> 00:53:05.070 and the first ones from failed nests 1013 00:53:05.070 --> 00:53:08.220 or nests where they either didn't, 1014 00:53:08.220 --> 00:53:11.700 the eggs didn't hatch or predators got the eggs, 1015 00:53:11.700 --> 00:53:13.920 they start coming back in July. 1016 00:53:13.920 --> 00:53:16.920 So pretty much the ones in June that we see 1017 00:53:16.920 --> 00:53:18.510 are the ones that did not migrate. 1018 00:53:18.510 --> 00:53:20.280 And we'd love you to tell us 1019 00:53:20.280 --> 00:53:22.563 if you see some in June and where they are. 1020 00:53:24.030 --> 00:53:25.980 So we don't know how many. 1021 00:53:25.980 --> 00:53:26.823 Okay. 1022 00:53:28.360 --> 00:53:31.863 How long did the chicks take to get strong enough to fly? 1023 00:53:33.779 --> 00:53:34.770 I think the chicks, 1024 00:53:34.770 --> 00:53:36.900 I believe the chicks is why we wrote a book 1025 00:53:36.900 --> 00:53:38.550 'cause I can't remember all the facts. 1026 00:53:38.550 --> 00:53:40.623 I believe the chicks fly in a month. 1027 00:53:41.880 --> 00:53:42.846 Oh, wow. 1028 00:53:42.846 --> 00:53:45.720 From when they hatch for about a month they can fly. 1029 00:53:45.720 --> 00:53:47.700 They stay in Alaska. 1030 00:53:47.700 --> 00:53:52.590 Yeah, they grow fast because it's light out 24 hours a day 1031 00:53:52.590 --> 00:53:54.690 in June when they're growing up 1032 00:53:54.690 --> 00:53:58.137 and the insects are so thick that they, 1033 00:53:58.137 --> 00:53:59.940 and the mosquitoes and other insects 1034 00:53:59.940 --> 00:54:03.900 that they get up your nose and they're really dense. 1035 00:54:03.900 --> 00:54:06.090 It's 'cause that's a hatching time also for insects. 1036 00:54:06.090 --> 00:54:08.400 So they eat 24 hours a day, 1037 00:54:08.400 --> 00:54:11.340 seven days a week and they grow very fast 1038 00:54:11.340 --> 00:54:13.350 but they stay the longest. 1039 00:54:13.350 --> 00:54:17.318 So the parents, the females leave in August 1st, 1040 00:54:17.318 --> 00:54:18.210 then the males leave, 1041 00:54:18.210 --> 00:54:20.580 the males sort of babysit for a little while, 1042 00:54:20.580 --> 00:54:23.610 then the males leave and then the chicks stay as long 1043 00:54:23.610 --> 00:54:27.300 as there's still food before the snow comes. 1044 00:54:27.300 --> 00:54:31.853 And so when the insects are really there, 1045 00:54:34.170 --> 00:54:35.620 that's when the chicks leave. 1046 00:54:37.320 --> 00:54:38.970 Okay, we'll do two more questions 1047 00:54:38.970 --> 00:54:40.980 and then there are other questions, 1048 00:54:40.980 --> 00:54:42.960 but we'll be sending these over to Susan 1049 00:54:42.960 --> 00:54:44.820 and then get the responses 1050 00:54:44.820 --> 00:54:46.890 and send those back out to the whole group. 1051 00:54:46.890 --> 00:54:49.533 But we'll just, we have time for two more here. 1052 00:54:50.430 --> 00:54:52.290 Well good 'cause I'll share them with Wally 1053 00:54:52.290 --> 00:54:53.737 when he gets here. 1054 00:54:55.140 --> 00:54:57.480 He's on, oh, when he gets to Hawaiʻi? 1055 00:54:57.480 --> 00:54:58.313 Yeah. 1056 00:54:58.313 --> 00:55:00.270 Let's see how high do they fly 1057 00:55:00.270 --> 00:55:03.360 and do they catch the jet stream to Alaska? 1058 00:55:03.360 --> 00:55:04.800 Well that's an interesting question 1059 00:55:04.800 --> 00:55:09.090 'cause that came up when I was there with you Andy. 1060 00:55:09.090 --> 00:55:14.090 And the highest that they fly is 16,000 feet, 1061 00:55:14.730 --> 00:55:15.780 which is amazing. 1062 00:55:15.780 --> 00:55:18.810 But they're normally don't fly that high. 1063 00:55:18.810 --> 00:55:21.540 I don't remember the average, 1064 00:55:21.540 --> 00:55:23.370 I don't know if we even know an average, 1065 00:55:23.370 --> 00:55:26.040 but they can really fly very high 1066 00:55:26.040 --> 00:55:28.420 and I think if they get favorable winds, 1067 00:55:28.420 --> 00:55:31.800 their average speed is about 40 miles an hour, 1068 00:55:31.800 --> 00:55:36.570 but they get bursts up to 100 miles an hour 1069 00:55:36.570 --> 00:55:38.430 and so in bursts. 1070 00:55:38.430 --> 00:55:40.320 But it seems like their little feathers 1071 00:55:40.320 --> 00:55:42.993 would just go flying off at 100 miles an hour. 1072 00:55:43.849 --> 00:55:46.290 But if they have very favorable winds, 1073 00:55:46.290 --> 00:55:48.360 they could get going that fast. 1074 00:55:48.360 --> 00:55:50.580 But otherwise they average about 40 1075 00:55:50.580 --> 00:55:54.090 and fly lo lower than 60, maybe 13,000 feet. 1076 00:55:54.090 --> 00:55:58.350 But it's amazing if, I have not seen this happen, Wally has, 1077 00:55:58.350 --> 00:56:03.350 but he's told me when you see them leave Hawaiʻi in April, 1078 00:56:03.450 --> 00:56:06.870 the end of April and they just get in a flock. 1079 00:56:06.870 --> 00:56:08.010 They just go higher and higher 1080 00:56:08.010 --> 00:56:10.170 and higher and higher until they disappear. 1081 00:56:10.170 --> 00:56:11.850 So we cannot see them. 1082 00:56:11.850 --> 00:56:16.850 So you can't follow the Kōlea north or south either. 1083 00:56:19.050 --> 00:56:21.210 You can't see them they're too high. 1084 00:56:21.210 --> 00:56:22.043 That's amazing. 1085 00:56:22.043 --> 00:56:24.360 But go ahead, sorry. 1086 00:56:24.360 --> 00:56:27.480 Well it's a good reason really that we wrote the book 1087 00:56:27.480 --> 00:56:29.640 so we can look up the numbers 1088 00:56:29.640 --> 00:56:32.610 and the things that questions that people have. 1089 00:56:32.610 --> 00:56:36.060 So that really is a good source 1090 00:56:36.060 --> 00:56:38.310 'cause we put all the information 1091 00:56:38.310 --> 00:56:41.100 that Wally has studied all of his life 1092 00:56:41.100 --> 00:56:43.260 is adult life is in there. 1093 00:56:43.260 --> 00:56:45.933 And so that's really a nice reference. 1094 00:56:47.550 --> 00:56:49.410 All right, there's a last question. 1095 00:56:49.410 --> 00:56:52.890 So a lot of people are using apps and things. 1096 00:56:52.890 --> 00:56:56.730 Are there any plan to integrate observations from sources 1097 00:56:56.730 --> 00:57:00.363 such as iNaturalist or eBird into your count? 1098 00:57:01.290 --> 00:57:03.720 Well people do use eBird 1099 00:57:03.720 --> 00:57:06.600 and there's a lot of Kōlea put into eBird 1100 00:57:06.600 --> 00:57:09.900 and iNaturalist, but the big thing for us is 1101 00:57:09.900 --> 00:57:12.810 we are looking at specific times 1102 00:57:12.810 --> 00:57:15.930 and those we can get some data from that, 1103 00:57:15.930 --> 00:57:20.250 but no, the answer is no, we're not coordinating with that. 1104 00:57:20.250 --> 00:57:25.140 So we're doing our own Kōlea count 1105 00:57:25.140 --> 00:57:27.360 because of the specific months. 1106 00:57:27.360 --> 00:57:29.700 So for certain times and certain places, 1107 00:57:29.700 --> 00:57:33.900 we wanna know how many birds are in Kailua Beach Park 1108 00:57:33.900 --> 00:57:36.210 between December 1st and March 31st 1109 00:57:36.210 --> 00:57:39.327 and that's a little out of the range of what eBird 1110 00:57:39.327 --> 00:57:40.830 and iNaturalist does, 1111 00:57:40.830 --> 00:57:43.350 but it's still eBird and iNaturalist 1112 00:57:43.350 --> 00:57:46.410 are still great resources to bird spotting birds 1113 00:57:46.410 --> 00:57:48.183 but ours is separate from that. 1114 00:57:49.650 --> 00:57:50.580 Yeah, great. 1115 00:57:50.580 --> 00:57:54.000 Well mahalo Susan for your time and for an excellent talk. 1116 00:57:54.000 --> 00:57:55.320 We have a few more questions, 1117 00:57:55.320 --> 00:57:57.000 we'll send those back out to you 1118 00:57:57.000 --> 00:58:00.450 and hopefully our audience is inspired 1119 00:58:00.450 --> 00:58:03.150 to go out and count their neighborhood Kōlea 1120 00:58:03.150 --> 00:58:05.250 or get involved in an count project. 1121 00:58:05.250 --> 00:58:07.770 It's really a neat project. 1122 00:58:07.770 --> 00:58:11.850 So again, mahalo for awesome presentation. 1123 00:58:11.850 --> 00:58:12.999 Well thank you, 1124 00:58:12.999 --> 00:58:14.460 thank you for letting me share this too 1125 00:58:14.460 --> 00:58:18.450 with the Hawaiʻi Audubon Society's project. 1126 00:58:18.450 --> 00:58:19.860 So that's a great thing. 1127 00:58:19.860 --> 00:58:22.053 Yeah, exciting, exciting. 1128 00:58:23.280 --> 00:58:24.900 So I have a few closing slides here. 1129 00:58:24.900 --> 00:58:26.640 So this presentation 1130 00:58:26.640 --> 00:58:30.123 as well as all our presentations are archived. 1131 00:58:31.020 --> 00:58:32.850 We recorded this presentation 1132 00:58:32.850 --> 00:58:36.480 and we need to caption it first before posting. 1133 00:58:36.480 --> 00:58:38.550 So it'll take us a week, 1134 00:58:38.550 --> 00:58:40.980 maybe two weeks to get that up online. 1135 00:58:40.980 --> 00:58:44.190 But that's the website where it will be hosted 1136 00:58:44.190 --> 00:58:47.010 and once it's up and if you attended, 1137 00:58:47.010 --> 00:58:51.120 we will, you know, when that recording is available, 1138 00:58:51.120 --> 00:58:53.370 you will also get a certificate of attendance 1139 00:58:53.370 --> 00:58:56.040 for the presentation for professional development 1140 00:58:56.040 --> 00:58:58.800 or whatever other purpose you might have for that. 1141 00:58:58.800 --> 00:59:02.100 And you'll get that via email in a couple of days. 1142 00:59:02.100 --> 00:59:07.100 And we do have a really cool upcoming webinar in April. 1143 00:59:07.260 --> 00:59:11.610 It is the, this season for our research partner, 1144 00:59:11.610 --> 00:59:14.430 Deep Sea Research Partner, Ocean Exploration Trust 1145 00:59:14.430 --> 00:59:16.950 will be conducting expeditions aboard 1146 00:59:16.950 --> 00:59:20.280 their EV exploration vessel Nautilus 1147 00:59:20.280 --> 00:59:24.660 in the Pacific and in Papahānaumokuākea in a few months. 1148 00:59:24.660 --> 00:59:27.450 So you can join that presentation to learn about that, 1149 00:59:27.450 --> 00:59:29.010 the upcoming expeditions, 1150 00:59:29.010 --> 00:59:31.620 what we'll be doing and how you can participate 1151 00:59:31.620 --> 00:59:32.580 and if you're a teacher, 1152 00:59:32.580 --> 00:59:35.700 how you can connect your classroom to the Nautilus 1153 00:59:35.700 --> 00:59:37.740 and talk to us live while they're out there. 1154 00:59:37.740 --> 00:59:41.040 It's really exciting opportunity. 1155 00:59:41.040 --> 00:59:43.800 And also we wanna hear back from you feedback 1156 00:59:43.800 --> 00:59:47.970 about this presentation and others you might want to hear. 1157 00:59:47.970 --> 00:59:51.000 So please fill out the survey at the end 1158 00:59:51.000 --> 00:59:52.980 and let us know what you'd like to see, 1159 00:59:52.980 --> 00:59:54.000 what we can do better 1160 00:59:54.000 --> 00:59:56.280 or comments about what we're doing great. 1161 00:59:56.280 --> 00:59:58.260 So mahalo for joining us 1162 00:59:58.260 --> 01:00:00.810 and coming up on my favorite holiday. 1163 01:00:00.810 --> 01:00:03.240 Happy St. Patrick's Day tomorrow. 1164 01:00:03.240 --> 01:00:06.880 I did one of those genetic tests and I'm like 87% Irish 1165 01:00:07.950 --> 01:00:09.540 obliged to ask. 1166 01:00:09.540 --> 01:00:11.910 But thank you everybody for joining us 1167 01:00:11.910 --> 01:00:15.510 and we look forward to seeing you next month 1168 01:00:15.510 --> 01:00:17.490 on our next webinar. 1169 01:00:17.490 --> 01:00:18.323 Aloha.