WEBVTT

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<v ->All right.</v>

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Aloha everybody and welcome to our third Thursday webinar.

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We have a great talk for you today

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on the last year of great exploration,

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deep sea explorations

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with Ocean Exploration Trust and EV Nautilus.

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And we have a few people from the Nautilus that participated

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and, or drive a lot of the expeditions

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that go on aboard the ship

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and some participants from the ship.

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We have three wonderful panelists with you today

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and just a couple of quick notes before we get started.

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If you are having any issues with your audio,

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most of the time it's with the choice of audio.

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There's a,

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there's a tab underneath the control panel

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on the right hand side

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and there's a section called "Audio."

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And if you look at that,

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you can see which audio choices are selected,

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whether it's headphones or your speakers

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or anything like that.

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Just make sure that is correct.

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That's usually where most of the audio problems come from.

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But if you still do have questions,

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please type them either in the question box or the chat box.

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We'll reply to the question box

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and we'll see if we're able to help you.

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We have some folks on here today

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that can help you with that if need be.

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And we'll also be putting a lot of great resources

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into the chat for you,

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following along with the expedition.

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And with that we will go ahead and get started.

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But like most things in Hawaiʻi,

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we get started properly with a Hawaiian cultural protocol

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to set the space for learning.

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And I am going to turn it over to Kanoe Morishige,

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our Native Hawaiian specialist,

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who is going to open up this webinar for us today.

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Anoʻai kākou me ke aloha

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Today, as we always do,

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we like to open up with cultural protocol

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to honor Papahānaumokuākea

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and set this space with intention and purpose

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as we dive deeper into learning more about the Kai Lipo,

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or the deep sea ecosystems

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in Papahānaumokuākea.

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"Malamalama ka lā nui

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a Kāne puka i Ha'eha'e

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ʻApakau ke kukuna i ka 'ili kai

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o na kai 'ewalu

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He 'ike makawalu ka'u e 'ano'i nei

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O na au walu o Kanaloa Haunawela

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noho i ka moana nui

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He Hu'akai ka makani

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o Lehua 'au i ke kai

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Kū'ono'ono ka lua o Kūhaimoana

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i ke kapa 'ehukai o Ka'ula

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O Kū i ka loulu ulu a'e ke aloha

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no Nihoa maku manu

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Manu o kū i ka ʻāhui

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he alaka'i no ka lāhui

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ʻO Hinapūko'a

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ʻO Hinapūhalako'a

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ʻO Hinakupukupu

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ʻO Hinaikamalama

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Hua ka ʻōhua lu'u ke koholā

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Aloha kahi limu kala,

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Kia'i 'ia e ka 'ākala noho i uka

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Hānau ka pe'a, puka ka pe'ape'a i ke kai

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He 'īna'i ka 'ina,

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'ono i ka huna o ka pa'akai

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Manomano ka 'ike li'u o ka houpō o Kanaloa

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Ko'iko'i lua ho'i no ka lehulehu,

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o' ku'u luhia

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Hanohano wale ka 'aina

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kupuna o nā moku lē'ia

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No Papahānaumokuākea lā he inoa."

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E ola no Papahānaumokuākea

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Mahalo Kanoe

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<v ->A wonderful opening.</v>

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So today we are presenting this

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from NOAA's Office of National Marine Sanctuaries,

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and we are a system

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and this year we have 15 national marine sanctuaries

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across the United States and to the Pacific.

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We have four new proposed national marine sanctuaries,

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including Papahānaumokuākea,

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which is under consideration

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for a National Marine Sanctuary designation.

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Also Chumash Heritage on the west coast,

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Hudson Canyon on the east coast,

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and also another site in Lake Ontario.

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But together we protect amazing

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underwater heritage resources,

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amazing ecological resources,

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just wonderful sites, sort of underwater parks

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across the United States and into the Pacific.

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And this year, actually this Sunday,

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we are celebrating 50 years,

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our 50 years of protecting

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the oceans and Great Lakes,

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conserving these special areas.

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It's our 50th anniversary

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and we have a bunch of great events across the system.

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I also posted a link to our page

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about the 50th anniversary,

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so you can see some of the wonderful resources

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we've been sharing.

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And we'd love to celebrate it with you.

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And I'll share later,

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we have an event in Hawaiʻi on, in Hilo

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at our Mokupāpapa Discovery Center

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and also on Kauaʻi at our Ocean Discovery Center on Kauaʻi.

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This Sunday we'll be celebrating 30 years

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of the Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale

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National Marine Sanctuary

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and 50 years of our National Marine Sanctuaries System

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so if you can, this Saturday,

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come out and join us for those two events.

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But we work, Kanoe and myself,

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we work for Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument,

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which is the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.

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So we're the world's largest fully protected area

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at 582,578 square miles,

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a vast area within the north Central Pacific,

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stretching 1200 miles past Kauaʻi,

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all the way out to Hōlanikū

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or Kure Atoll, the Northwestern-most area.

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And if you lay it over the United States,

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we cover an area about from New Orleans

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all the way to Las Vegas.

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So it's a vast area of ocean protection.

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And our webinar hosts today are myself, I'm Andy Collins,

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education coordinator; Malia Evans,

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our Oʻahu education and outreach specialist

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who will be joining us lately, later;

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and also Kanoe Morishige,

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who presented our wonderful chant,

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our Native Hawaiian specialist on Oʻahu.

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And together we are your hosts for today.

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And we, at least myself, I work over at Mokupāpapa,

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our discovery center in Hilo, which has,

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which has finally reopened in June

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after two years of closure during the pandemic.

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So if you are in Hilo

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and want to explore the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands,

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this is a great way to do it.

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We have a wonderful 3,500-gallon saltwater fish tank

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and also some new exhibits and new partner features

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within the facility,

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including an awesome robotics center

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that we recently opened.

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And robotics has some exceptional tie-ins

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to this deepsea exploration we're gonna be discussing today.

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And all the exhibits are also in English

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and ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi or the Hawaiian language.

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So we're one of the only places in Hawaiʻi

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that has, that does that.

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But together across the system,

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our National Marine Sanctuaries protect the biodiversity

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of these special areas.

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They provide unique shelter habitats

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like for this green sea turtle,

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Honu, and Hawaiian monk seal, Ilio-holo-i-ka-uaua.

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And that's where the majority of these monk seals

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and sea turtles reside and can nest.

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Also incredible cultural heritage.

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This is from the island of Mokumanamana,

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which has the highest concentration

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of sacred or ceremonial sites

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in the entire Hawaiian archipelago.

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Also a lot of more recent maritime heritage,

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18th century,

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17th century to current maritime heritage shipwrecks

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across the system.

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We also do a lot of research on the animals and habitats

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within our sanctuaries to understand how they're changing.

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And this monitoring part is especially important

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as it relates to climate change and things like that

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and other impacts to see how things are changing

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over time in our sanctuaries.

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We also conduct resource protection.

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This is an exceptionally cool program in the Florida Keys

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where they're restoring a lot of the corals,

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several of the coral reef sites across the Florida Keys,

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using out-planting of coral reefs and other unique methods.

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And we also do quite a bit of education.

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That's more my realm

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and the Mokupāpapa Discovery Center.

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And we do that and the outreach that we conduct

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through a lot of volunteers.

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So if you're anywhere near a National Marine Sanctuary

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or even wanna volunteer remotely, please get ahold of us.

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We'd love to have you as a volunteer.

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And again, these are just special places

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where we can reconnect with the ocean,

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reconnect with ourselves,

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and I think we all saw through the pandemic

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that it's really important to do that

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to understand our place on this planet

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and to restore our own spirit

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to be better stewards of this planet.

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So today we have three presenters with us today

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who can turn on their webcams

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and we'll introduce you.

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So first we have Allison Fundis,

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who's the Chief Operating Officer

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for Ocean Exploration Trust,

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where she leads development and management

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of the organization's ocean exploration

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and ocean activities and teams.

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She's participated in over 50 expeditions

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using a variety of deep sea technologies and submersibles.

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She holds an MS degree from, in Marine Geology

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from University of Florida and a BA

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in Human Ecology from the College of the Atlantic.

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She's also a 2020 fellow national

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of the Explorers Club and in 2021 was named

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an Emerging Explorer by the National Geographic Society.

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Dr. Dan Wagner serves as Chief Scientist

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for the Ocean Exploration Trust,

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and he's conducted field work on deep sea ecosystems

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since 2006 and has since participated

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in 27 multidisciplinary research expeditions,

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exploring deep sea habitats throughout the Indo-Pacific,

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Atlantic, and Southern oceans.

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And Dan used to work with us and me

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at Papahānaumokuākea, so.

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Good to have you on again, Dan.

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And Hōkū Pihana is a mother, a Native Hawaiian,

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and a canoe woman.

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She created the Na Wa'a Mauo Marine Stewardship Program

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in 2015 to create a more holistic and less invasive ways

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to study our oceans that blends institutional

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and indigenous sciences.

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Hōkū now works for us at Papahānaumokuākea

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at the Mokupāpapa Discovery Center

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as a Native Hawaiian Education Specialist.

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So you guys can turn on your cameras

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and I'm gonna change control over to Dan

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who's going to drive the slide deck

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for our presentation today.

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And Dan, you should see control.

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And I'm going to turn off my webcam and turn it over to you.

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That looks good.

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<v ->Great. Okay.</v>

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Thank you.

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And thanks for the lovely opening, Kanoe,

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and thank you, Andy.

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Aloha everyone,

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and thanks for joining us today

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to learn about our recent work

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within the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monuments.

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I wanna start off with a big, big thank you

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to our sponsors and partners

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that made all of that work possible.

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And that includes the NOAA Ocean Exploration

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through the Ocean Exploration Cooperative Institutes,

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NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries

262
00:12:39.091 --> 00:12:41.790
at the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation,

263
00:12:41.790 --> 00:12:44.160
as well as all of our partners, colleagues, and friends

264
00:12:44.160 --> 00:12:47.250
at the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument,

265
00:12:47.250 --> 00:12:48.540
as well as our colleagues

266
00:12:48.540 --> 00:12:50.520
from the Office of Hawaiian Affairs'

267
00:12:50.520 --> 00:12:52.318
Facilitated Cultural Working Group

268
00:12:52.318 --> 00:12:54.000
and partnering organizations

269
00:12:54.000 --> 00:12:55.458
that we've gratefully worked alongside

270
00:12:55.458 --> 00:12:58.020
throughout all of our work.

271
00:12:58.020 --> 00:13:00.000
We know many of you attending today

272
00:13:00.000 --> 00:13:02.256
are new to the work of Ocean Exploration Trust.

273
00:13:02.256 --> 00:13:05.280
So I just wanna take a few minutes to provide

274
00:13:05.280 --> 00:13:07.620
a brief background on who we are

275
00:13:07.620 --> 00:13:09.979
before handing it off to Hōkū and Daniel to speak

276
00:13:09.979 --> 00:13:13.215
more about our more recent work within the monument.

277
00:13:13.215 --> 00:13:16.175
So Ocean Exploration Trust is a non-profit,

278
00:13:16.175 --> 00:13:20.250
and we have a three-fold mission at Ocean Exploration Trust.

279
00:13:20.250 --> 00:13:23.760
And that's really to explore the unmapped and unresearched

280
00:13:23.760 --> 00:13:25.260
parts of the ocean,

281
00:13:25.260 --> 00:13:28.590
to develop the technology to advance the pace

282
00:13:28.590 --> 00:13:30.594
and increase access to exploration,

283
00:13:30.594 --> 00:13:33.629
and then to also utilize the excitement of exploration

284
00:13:33.629 --> 00:13:35.428
to inspire and motivate youth

285
00:13:35.428 --> 00:13:38.550
and the public around the globe about our ocean planet

286
00:13:38.550 --> 00:13:40.320
and the myriad pathways that can lead

287
00:13:40.320 --> 00:13:43.653
to having a career in ocean exploration and STEM.

288
00:13:44.610 --> 00:13:46.891
Our program is largely federally funded

289
00:13:46.891 --> 00:13:49.500
by NOAA Ocean Exploration

290
00:13:49.500 --> 00:13:52.008
via the Ocean Exploration Cooperative Institute,

291
00:13:52.008 --> 00:13:54.124
the Office of Naval Research,

292
00:13:54.124 --> 00:13:56.160
National Geographic Society,

293
00:13:56.160 --> 00:13:58.654
as well as some corporate and philanthropic funding.

294
00:13:58.654 --> 00:14:01.938
We have also partnered very closely with the NOAA Ocean,

295
00:14:01.938 --> 00:14:04.440
NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries,

296
00:14:04.440 --> 00:14:07.380
and have conducted expeditions through that partnership

297
00:14:07.380 --> 00:14:09.600
and all of the US National Marine Sanctuaries

298
00:14:09.600 --> 00:14:11.141
located in the Pacific,

299
00:14:11.141 --> 00:14:13.686
as well as the two nominated ones,

300
00:14:13.686 --> 00:14:16.440
with the exception of the Hawaiian Islands

301
00:14:16.440 --> 00:14:19.054
Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary.

302
00:14:19.054 --> 00:14:20.970
Through those federal partnerships,

303
00:14:20.970 --> 00:14:23.760
our work directly contributes to priorities

304
00:14:23.760 --> 00:14:25.710
of the Biden-Harris administration,

305
00:14:25.710 --> 00:14:28.219
including the NOMEC strategy,

306
00:14:28.219 --> 00:14:32.070
also known as the National Strategy for Ocean Mapping,

307
00:14:32.070 --> 00:14:33.479
Exploration, and Research,

308
00:14:33.479 --> 00:14:35.790
as well as "30x30,"

309
00:14:35.790 --> 00:14:40.440
which aims to protect 30% of US lands and ocean territories

310
00:14:40.440 --> 00:14:42.129
by the year of 2030.

311
00:14:42.129 --> 00:14:45.720
We are also a partner of the Seabed 2030 Initiative,

312
00:14:45.720 --> 00:14:48.705
which is an international collaboration with the goal to map

313
00:14:48.705 --> 00:14:51.849
the seafloor in high resolution by the year of 2030.

314
00:14:51.849 --> 00:14:54.720
And a large part of all of those initiatives

315
00:14:54.720 --> 00:14:57.030
is ensuring our data is made available.

316
00:14:57.030 --> 00:14:59.670
And since our founding in 2008,

317
00:14:59.670 --> 00:15:02.220
we have been committed to making all of our data and imagery

318
00:15:02.220 --> 00:15:05.399
available via open access so that any researcher or student

319
00:15:05.399 --> 00:15:07.260
can make use of it.

320
00:15:07.260 --> 00:15:09.447
We also send every biological and geological sample

321
00:15:09.447 --> 00:15:12.090
that we collect to national repositories

322
00:15:12.090 --> 00:15:13.860
so they can similarly be used

323
00:15:13.860 --> 00:15:15.450
by a broad range of researchers

324
00:15:15.450 --> 00:15:18.153
for the sake of advancing scientific knowledge.

325
00:15:18.990 --> 00:15:20.700
Equally important to our mission

326
00:15:20.700 --> 00:15:22.740
as our science and exploration program

327
00:15:22.740 --> 00:15:24.071
is our education program,

328
00:15:24.071 --> 00:15:26.910
which I'll give a few more details on in a minute,

329
00:15:26.910 --> 00:15:30.330
as well as our commitment to advancing equity, diversity,

330
00:15:30.330 --> 00:15:32.400
and inclusion in all of the work that we do

331
00:15:32.400 --> 00:15:34.083
at Ocean Exploration Trust.

332
00:15:35.100 --> 00:15:38.473
The primary assets that we use for our seagoing expeditions

333
00:15:38.473 --> 00:15:41.220
are our ship, which is EV Nautilus,

334
00:15:41.220 --> 00:15:44.610
and it's a 68-meter long vessel that can accommodate 53

335
00:15:44.610 --> 00:15:46.470
scientists, engineers, students,

336
00:15:46.470 --> 00:15:47.700
teachers, and crew

337
00:15:47.700 --> 00:15:49.217
participating in our expeditions.

338
00:15:49.217 --> 00:15:51.160
And then mounted on the hull of the ship

339
00:15:51.160 --> 00:15:54.960
is a multibeam echosounder that allows us to map

340
00:15:54.960 --> 00:15:57.303
at depths up to 7,000 meters

341
00:15:57.303 --> 00:15:58.953
at high resolution.

342
00:15:59.910 --> 00:16:01.500
Once we have those maps made

343
00:16:01.500 --> 00:16:03.540
and identify areas

344
00:16:03.540 --> 00:16:05.850
that we're interested in exploring,

345
00:16:05.850 --> 00:16:07.141
our primary exploration tools

346
00:16:07.141 --> 00:16:11.490
are remotely operated vehicles, otherwise known as ROVs,

347
00:16:11.490 --> 00:16:13.500
which allow us to visually explore

348
00:16:13.500 --> 00:16:15.030
and take samples of the seafloor

349
00:16:15.030 --> 00:16:18.210
at depths as great as 4,000 and 6,000 meters,

350
00:16:18.210 --> 00:16:19.920
depending on which of the vehicles

351
00:16:19.920 --> 00:16:21.633
we're utilizing at the time.

352
00:16:22.590 --> 00:16:23.423
And when we're exploring,

353
00:16:23.423 --> 00:16:25.759
which is for seven to 10 months annually,

354
00:16:25.759 --> 00:16:29.490
we conduct all of our expeditions live via telepresence

355
00:16:29.490 --> 00:16:32.550
so that researchers and students can follow along

356
00:16:32.550 --> 00:16:35.130
and even participate with us from shore.

357
00:16:35.130 --> 00:16:37.290
We also use our telepresence capabilities

358
00:16:37.290 --> 00:16:39.993
to engage the public and students in real time.

359
00:16:41.160 --> 00:16:43.650
We are increasingly bringing additional vehicles

360
00:16:43.650 --> 00:16:44.483
to sea with us,

361
00:16:44.483 --> 00:16:48.000
which allows us to make our expeditions more productive

362
00:16:48.000 --> 00:16:49.613
and more effective.

363
00:16:49.613 --> 00:16:52.380
The four vehicles that you see imaged here

364
00:16:52.380 --> 00:16:54.510
are some operated by our partners

365
00:16:54.510 --> 00:16:56.578
at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

366
00:16:56.578 --> 00:16:58.260
And those are the two in the top,

367
00:16:58.260 --> 00:17:01.380
in the top section of the image there,

368
00:17:01.380 --> 00:17:02.575
and also in the lower right.

369
00:17:02.575 --> 00:17:06.630
And also a vehicle that is that we bring out

370
00:17:06.630 --> 00:17:08.520
in partnership with the University of New Hampshire,

371
00:17:08.520 --> 00:17:10.821
and that's the red vehicle in the lower left.

372
00:17:10.821 --> 00:17:13.890
And all of these vehicles are brought aboard Nautilus

373
00:17:13.890 --> 00:17:17.517
as part of our partnership with NOAA Ocean Exploration

374
00:17:17.517 --> 00:17:20.790
and Ocean Exploration Cooperative Institutes.

375
00:17:20.790 --> 00:17:23.606
So all four of these vehicles are autonomous systems

376
00:17:23.606 --> 00:17:26.130
and each performs a very unique function,

377
00:17:26.130 --> 00:17:29.010
but we're also working towards deploying some of them

378
00:17:29.010 --> 00:17:30.532
in tandem,

379
00:17:30.532 --> 00:17:33.000
and having them communicate with one another

380
00:17:33.000 --> 00:17:35.670
so that information can be sent back to us on the ship

381
00:17:35.670 --> 00:17:38.187
without having to retrieve the vehicles

382
00:17:38.187 --> 00:17:40.496
on a more routine basis.

383
00:17:40.496 --> 00:17:43.950
So the vehicle on the top left is one called Mesobot,

384
00:17:43.950 --> 00:17:47.038
and it primarily focuses on tracking biota

385
00:17:47.038 --> 00:17:49.020
and the water column in situ,

386
00:17:49.020 --> 00:17:50.880
as well as collecting water samples

387
00:17:50.880 --> 00:17:53.490
for environmental DNA analysis.

388
00:17:53.490 --> 00:17:54.683
And then the vehicle on the bottom left,

389
00:17:54.683 --> 00:17:57.032
which you'll hear more about in this presentation,

390
00:17:57.032 --> 00:17:59.615
is University of New Hampshire's DriX vehicle.

391
00:17:59.615 --> 00:18:01.830
It's an autonomous mapping system

392
00:18:01.830 --> 00:18:04.650
that can now map up to 500 meters deep

393
00:18:04.650 --> 00:18:06.000
and will soon be able to map

394
00:18:06.000 --> 00:18:07.980
up to 3000 meters deep.

395
00:18:07.980 --> 00:18:09.240
So while we're mapping with Nautilus,

396
00:18:09.240 --> 00:18:12.060
we can have these systems deployed and operating

397
00:18:12.060 --> 00:18:13.110
at the same time

398
00:18:13.110 --> 00:18:14.861
and essentially increase the amount of work

399
00:18:14.861 --> 00:18:17.553
that we're able to achieve in any given area.

400
00:18:18.500 --> 00:18:21.578
I previously mentioned our education and outreach program,

401
00:18:21.578 --> 00:18:24.210
which we've developed over the years

402
00:18:24.210 --> 00:18:26.940
to provide both opportunities at sea

403
00:18:26.940 --> 00:18:28.248
for students and teachers,

404
00:18:28.248 --> 00:18:30.960
and also develop content and resources

405
00:18:30.960 --> 00:18:34.920
for educators and students following along with our work.

406
00:18:34.920 --> 00:18:37.620
Our at-sea opportunities for students

407
00:18:37.620 --> 00:18:40.140
include internships aboard Nautilus

408
00:18:40.140 --> 00:18:42.030
in five different STEM tracks,

409
00:18:42.030 --> 00:18:44.730
including seafloor mapping, ocean science,

410
00:18:44.730 --> 00:18:46.620
video engineering and filmmaking,

411
00:18:46.620 --> 00:18:49.795
ROV engineering, as well as navigation.

412
00:18:49.795 --> 00:18:53.727
And then we also have at-sea opportunities for educators,

413
00:18:53.727 --> 00:18:56.220
and that applies to formal classroom educators

414
00:18:56.220 --> 00:18:57.930
as well as informal educators

415
00:18:57.930 --> 00:19:01.140
that might be working in different educational settings.

416
00:19:01.140 --> 00:19:03.326
Our Science Communication Fellowship for educators

417
00:19:03.326 --> 00:19:05.910
offers the opportunity to be embedded

418
00:19:05.910 --> 00:19:07.860
with an expedition team at sea,

419
00:19:07.860 --> 00:19:10.780
and to serve as one of a handful of science communicators

420
00:19:10.780 --> 00:19:13.620
aboard our expeditions.

421
00:19:13.620 --> 00:19:16.350
And then over the years we've also developed a suite

422
00:19:16.350 --> 00:19:18.330
of educational resources and content,

423
00:19:18.330 --> 00:19:20.610
most of which is translated in Spanish

424
00:19:20.610 --> 00:19:23.324
and some of which is co-developed in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi.

425
00:19:23.324 --> 00:19:25.925
Our highlight videos

426
00:19:25.925 --> 00:19:27.990
of some of our most exciting discoveries

427
00:19:27.990 --> 00:19:30.030
are also available in closed captioning

428
00:19:30.030 --> 00:19:32.310
in both English and Spanish.

429
00:19:32.310 --> 00:19:34.140
And I encourage you all to take a look at our website

430
00:19:34.140 --> 00:19:36.749
to learn more about the resources and opportunities

431
00:19:36.749 --> 00:19:38.760
we have available for educators,

432
00:19:38.760 --> 00:19:41.123
which I know is the majority of the audience today.

433
00:19:41.123 --> 00:19:44.294
And I will make a plug for our Science and Engineering,

434
00:19:44.294 --> 00:19:46.470
Science and Engineering Internship Program

435
00:19:46.470 --> 00:19:48.450
and Science Communication Fellowship.

436
00:19:48.450 --> 00:19:50.070
We are soliciting applications

437
00:19:50.070 --> 00:19:51.682
for both of those programs right now,

438
00:19:51.682 --> 00:19:53.550
and you can find more information about it

439
00:19:53.550 --> 00:19:56.819
on our website at nautiluslive.org.

440
00:19:56.819 --> 00:19:58.800
So since 2015,

441
00:19:58.800 --> 00:20:00.738
we've been working in the Pacific

442
00:20:00.738 --> 00:20:04.950
where the ship has mapped nearly 700,000 square kilometers

443
00:20:04.950 --> 00:20:08.716
of seafloor and conducted close to 600 exploration dives.

444
00:20:08.716 --> 00:20:10.830
And since late 2021,

445
00:20:10.830 --> 00:20:12.690
we've been operating almost exclusively

446
00:20:12.690 --> 00:20:13.710
in the Central Pacific,

447
00:20:13.710 --> 00:20:15.344
conducting a series of expeditions

448
00:20:15.344 --> 00:20:17.655
sponsored by NOAA Ocean Exploration

449
00:20:17.655 --> 00:20:19.718
and the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries

450
00:20:19.718 --> 00:20:23.040
that are largely focused on the Pacific Remote Islands

451
00:20:23.040 --> 00:20:24.150
Marine National Monument

452
00:20:24.150 --> 00:20:27.240
and Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument.

453
00:20:27.240 --> 00:20:29.670
Since a big part of our exploratory missions

454
00:20:29.670 --> 00:20:31.587
are focused on collaborating with the community,

455
00:20:31.587 --> 00:20:35.100
we reached out early to various monument stakeholders

456
00:20:35.100 --> 00:20:36.540
to make sure that we designed

457
00:20:36.540 --> 00:20:38.405
these expeditions appropriately.

458
00:20:38.405 --> 00:20:39.558
And through this process,

459
00:20:39.558 --> 00:20:42.750
we were very fortunate to collaborate with Hōkū,

460
00:20:42.750 --> 00:20:46.774
as well as Kanoe and Leah and Andy and many others,

461
00:20:46.774 --> 00:20:48.588
and many other colleagues,

462
00:20:48.588 --> 00:20:53.580
to co-develop various science education outreach elements

463
00:20:53.580 --> 00:20:55.591
of our expeditions for Hawaiʻi.

464
00:20:55.591 --> 00:20:56.670
And with that,

465
00:20:56.670 --> 00:20:58.583
I'd like to pass it on to my friend Hōkū

466
00:20:58.583 --> 00:21:00.983
to talk a little bit more about our partnership.

467
00:21:10.890 --> 00:21:13.770
<v ->I'm still part of the "You're Muted" Crew, okay?</v>

468
00:21:13.770 --> 00:21:15.970
So any of my "You're Muted" Crews out there.

469
00:21:17.280 --> 00:21:18.377
So Aloha mai kākou.

470
00:21:19.345 --> 00:21:20.850
Mahalo, mahalo, mahalo nui

471
00:21:20.850 --> 00:21:23.040
for hosting this

472
00:21:23.040 --> 00:21:25.440
and being part of this awesome panel,

473
00:21:25.440 --> 00:21:27.693
it's really nice to see your faces.

474
00:21:28.950 --> 00:21:29.783
Yeah,

475
00:21:29.783 --> 00:21:31.893
I just wanna open with just how awesome

476
00:21:31.893 --> 00:21:34.617
this opportunity has been

477
00:21:34.617 --> 00:21:37.108
and I'm really excited to just be able to share about it

478
00:21:37.108 --> 00:21:41.400
and how our relationships with OET

479
00:21:41.400 --> 00:21:43.110
were created over time and the different things

480
00:21:43.110 --> 00:21:45.030
that evolved from that relationship.

481
00:21:45.030 --> 00:21:47.490
So in the next few slides,

482
00:21:47.490 --> 00:21:49.560
I'm gonna just kind of highlight different things

483
00:21:49.560 --> 00:21:52.770
that were developed over time, over the last few years,

484
00:21:52.770 --> 00:21:56.820
that really enabled us to learn a lot about each other,

485
00:21:56.820 --> 00:21:58.380
how we can work together

486
00:21:58.380 --> 00:22:00.330
to create these really awesome pieces

487
00:22:00.330 --> 00:22:03.990
of educational materials for our communities

488
00:22:03.990 --> 00:22:08.880
across the globe and within our Native Hawaiian communities.

489
00:22:08.880 --> 00:22:09.873
And I think,

490
00:22:11.400 --> 00:22:12.233
with that,

491
00:22:12.233 --> 00:22:16.346
it's, all of these pieces kind of

492
00:22:16.346 --> 00:22:18.696
are a really strong reflection of the importance

493
00:22:18.696 --> 00:22:21.540
that these relationships have

494
00:22:21.540 --> 00:22:26.070
and how they really benefit not only our research, how we,

495
00:22:26.070 --> 00:22:27.450
how we practice in these spaces

496
00:22:27.450 --> 00:22:28.512
and how we connect to each other.

497
00:22:28.512 --> 00:22:30.867
They're really kind of making everything that we do

498
00:22:30.867 --> 00:22:34.170
meaningful to the communities that we're connected to.

499
00:22:34.170 --> 00:22:38.490
So I'll kind of talk about the Inoa Hawaiʻi

500
00:22:38.490 --> 00:22:41.512
that we created for all of the expeditions that we made.

501
00:22:41.512 --> 00:22:44.550
Some of our educational resources that were developed

502
00:22:44.550 --> 00:22:46.980
in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, as well as our ship-to-shores

503
00:22:46.980 --> 00:22:49.410
that we were able to do in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi,

504
00:22:49.410 --> 00:22:53.740
and how those opportunities enabled us to participate

505
00:22:53.740 --> 00:22:57.000
as cultural liaisons and monument staffs

506
00:22:57.000 --> 00:22:58.860
on the expeditions.

507
00:22:58.860 --> 00:23:00.141
So (speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi).

508
00:23:00.141 --> 00:23:01.241
Okay, next slide, Dan.

509
00:23:07.784 --> 00:23:12.290
So within the relationship that we established over the,

510
00:23:12.290 --> 00:23:14.430
over the past year,

511
00:23:14.430 --> 00:23:15.921
we were able to develop

512
00:23:15.921 --> 00:23:18.625
a lot of wonderful resources

513
00:23:18.625 --> 00:23:22.230
for our communities.

514
00:23:22.230 --> 00:23:23.063
So with the,

515
00:23:23.063 --> 00:23:25.380
with the opportunity to work closely

516
00:23:25.380 --> 00:23:27.870
with Allison and Megan

517
00:23:27.870 --> 00:23:29.220
and other community members

518
00:23:29.220 --> 00:23:30.840
that really came together,

519
00:23:30.840 --> 00:23:33.420
we really wanted to create meaningful materials

520
00:23:33.420 --> 00:23:35.022
and resources for folks

521
00:23:35.022 --> 00:23:38.640
that can enable them to really immerse and engage in

522
00:23:38.640 --> 00:23:41.280
native, the native Hawaiian language,

523
00:23:41.280 --> 00:23:43.800
as well as our cultural practices. Yeah?

524
00:23:43.800 --> 00:23:45.690
So we really focused on, again,

525
00:23:45.690 --> 00:23:48.278
the educational resources, the ship-to-shore exchanges,

526
00:23:48.278 --> 00:23:51.690
really building that presence of cultural liaisons

527
00:23:51.690 --> 00:23:54.120
on the expeditions as well as expedition staffs

528
00:23:54.120 --> 00:23:55.590
who have those skills.

529
00:23:55.590 --> 00:23:58.590
And then finally creating this Ike Moana Project,

530
00:23:58.590 --> 00:24:03.590
which was a collaboration between Nā hua ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi

531
00:24:03.918 --> 00:24:08.918
ʻōlelo teachers,as well as our staff and community members.

532
00:24:09.030 --> 00:24:09.870
We all got together

533
00:24:09.870 --> 00:24:12.400
and were able to create a lot of diverse material

534
00:24:13.260 --> 00:24:16.361
that would enable us to share about our experiences

535
00:24:16.361 --> 00:24:21.361
with Ocean Exploration Trust and deep sea ocean exploration

536
00:24:21.690 --> 00:24:25.320
in the context of, from a Native Hawaiian world view,

537
00:24:25.320 --> 00:24:29.730
as well as in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi, or Hawaiian language.

538
00:24:29.730 --> 00:24:32.520
So some of the images here that you're seeing

539
00:24:32.520 --> 00:24:34.620
are products of those experiences.

540
00:24:34.620 --> 00:24:38.460
So Na Hua'olelo Huaka'i ʻAumoana

541
00:24:38.460 --> 00:24:41.790
is one of the vocabulary lists that we created.

542
00:24:41.790 --> 00:24:43.165
And I'll go into a little bit more,

543
00:24:43.165 --> 00:24:44.367
but one of the things,

544
00:24:44.367 --> 00:24:45.720
and I don't know, Dan, you could,

545
00:24:45.720 --> 00:24:49.950
I did include a link here to (speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi)

546
00:24:49.950 --> 00:24:50.783
ship-to-shore.

547
00:24:50.783 --> 00:24:52.470
But one of the most beautiful things I think

548
00:24:52.470 --> 00:24:56.580
for our communities and next generations to see are

549
00:24:56.580 --> 00:25:00.236
to see folks that look like them and have those foundations

550
00:25:00.236 --> 00:25:03.696
using our language in these seats

551
00:25:03.696 --> 00:25:05.190
because it's meaningful.

552
00:25:05.190 --> 00:25:07.630
We're looking to strengthen our next generation

553
00:25:07.630 --> 00:25:11.004
of Olelo Huaka'i speakers and scientists and practitioners,

554
00:25:11.004 --> 00:25:15.540
and all of these opportunities really create those pathways

555
00:25:15.540 --> 00:25:16.680
to make that happen.

556
00:25:16.680 --> 00:25:19.740
So I wanted to dive a little bit deeper

557
00:25:19.740 --> 00:25:21.120
into the Ike Moana Project

558
00:25:21.120 --> 00:25:23.370
that really encompasses all of those things.

559
00:25:23.370 --> 00:25:25.567
So we were able, like I had mentioned,

560
00:25:25.567 --> 00:25:27.595
to come together as a Huey

561
00:25:27.595 --> 00:25:29.820
to really talk about and meet

562
00:25:29.820 --> 00:25:32.758
with ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi Kumo teachers

563
00:25:32.758 --> 00:25:34.739
that teach in Hawaiian immersion.

564
00:25:34.739 --> 00:25:37.260
Learn from them what are their needs,

565
00:25:37.260 --> 00:25:38.130
what are their interests?

566
00:25:38.130 --> 00:25:40.560
How do we, how do we share

567
00:25:40.560 --> 00:25:42.794
and execute and bring out these lessons,

568
00:25:42.794 --> 00:25:44.280
bring them into the classroom

569
00:25:44.280 --> 00:25:45.790
and really immerse our students

570
00:25:45.790 --> 00:25:48.990
into these deep sea opportunities?

571
00:25:48.990 --> 00:25:51.930
Yeah, you can switch to the next side.

572
00:25:51.930 --> 00:25:55.590
And so what the result of that was, again,

573
00:25:55.590 --> 00:25:57.420
not only just strengthening our relationship

574
00:25:57.420 --> 00:25:58.253
with each other,

575
00:25:58.253 --> 00:25:59.142
but also really learning

576
00:25:59.142 --> 00:26:02.010
about the needs of Akumo,

577
00:26:02.010 --> 00:26:03.758
and essentially, I think, overarching,

578
00:26:03.758 --> 00:26:06.777
Akumo need anything and everything

579
00:26:06.777 --> 00:26:10.230
that we are willing to share and offer for them.

580
00:26:10.230 --> 00:26:13.109
So this opportunity is the first of many, I'm hoping,

581
00:26:13.109 --> 00:26:15.647
and it really, really, really provided

582
00:26:15.647 --> 00:26:19.580
that opportunity for us to really just get,

583
00:26:19.580 --> 00:26:22.320
dive deep into what we wanted to create.

584
00:26:22.320 --> 00:26:24.870
So, (speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi)

585
00:26:24.870 --> 00:26:26.730
and (speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi)

586
00:26:26.730 --> 00:26:29.520
are two lessons that were created

587
00:26:29.520 --> 00:26:30.537
by Ocean Exploration Trust,

588
00:26:30.537 --> 00:26:32.520
and you can find them on the website,

589
00:26:32.520 --> 00:26:36.840
that we translated into

590
00:26:36.840 --> 00:26:40.920
or translated into ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi.

591
00:26:40.920 --> 00:26:41.790
And we used it,

592
00:26:41.790 --> 00:26:44.951
we designed these lessons to,

593
00:26:44.951 --> 00:26:47.590
if you could go back to the last slide there,

594
00:26:47.590 --> 00:26:49.113
the slide before.

595
00:26:49.980 --> 00:26:51.420
So we designed these lessons

596
00:26:51.420 --> 00:26:53.660
according to the Ke Kula Kaiapuni

597
00:26:53.660 --> 00:26:57.060
Hawaiian Immersion School standards.

598
00:26:57.060 --> 00:26:59.640
So in the previous slide,

599
00:26:59.640 --> 00:27:01.668
it shares just a plethora of information

600
00:27:01.668 --> 00:27:04.096
about what we were able to produce.

601
00:27:04.096 --> 00:27:06.109
So in the previous slide,

602
00:27:06.109 --> 00:27:08.132
they are, you're sh-

603
00:27:08.132 --> 00:27:09.489
you're able to see,

604
00:27:09.489 --> 00:27:11.460
if you could go back to the previous slide,

605
00:27:11.460 --> 00:27:12.633
that would be great.

606
00:27:13.486 --> 00:27:15.570
Some of the products.

607
00:27:15.570 --> 00:27:18.750
So along with the two lessons

608
00:27:18.750 --> 00:27:22.230
that we interpreted into Hawaiian language,

609
00:27:22.230 --> 00:27:26.022
we were also able to create three vocabulary lists

610
00:27:26.022 --> 00:27:31.022
that were also created

611
00:27:31.290 --> 00:27:32.160
in Hawaiian language,

612
00:27:32.160 --> 00:27:34.393
but also articulated with the voices

613
00:27:34.393 --> 00:27:36.900
of Hawaiian language students.

614
00:27:36.900 --> 00:27:38.893
And so that I think is a really meaningful thing

615
00:27:38.893 --> 00:27:41.493
because again, like I had mentioned before,

616
00:27:42.660 --> 00:27:43.713
for our next generation

617
00:27:43.713 --> 00:27:45.744
of students coming up

618
00:27:45.744 --> 00:27:47.760
who are really immersed in their Hawaiian language

619
00:27:47.760 --> 00:27:49.350
and really perpetuate the practices

620
00:27:49.350 --> 00:27:50.580
of our (speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi),

621
00:27:50.580 --> 00:27:51.750
hearing those voices,

622
00:27:51.750 --> 00:27:53.336
seeing our language out in those realms,

623
00:27:53.336 --> 00:27:55.920
is really significant and valuable

624
00:27:55.920 --> 00:27:58.904
on so many levels aside from just having it visually

625
00:27:58.904 --> 00:28:01.410
and aesthetically available for us.

626
00:28:01.410 --> 00:28:02.243
It,

627
00:28:02.243 --> 00:28:05.130
I think it is important to show that all of these components

628
00:28:05.130 --> 00:28:06.120
and having them aligned

629
00:28:06.120 --> 00:28:09.431
with the Kula Kaiapuni education standards

630
00:28:09.431 --> 00:28:11.453
created by Hawaiian immersion schools

631
00:28:11.453 --> 00:28:12.850
is very important.

632
00:28:12.850 --> 00:28:14.671
And I also think it's a really good example

633
00:28:14.671 --> 00:28:17.220
of what can be done with other communities

634
00:28:17.220 --> 00:28:18.717
who are interested in immersing

635
00:28:18.717 --> 00:28:20.580
and bringing in their languages,

636
00:28:20.580 --> 00:28:23.310
cultural practices, and identities into the sciences

637
00:28:23.310 --> 00:28:24.218
that we provide,

638
00:28:24.218 --> 00:28:26.460
not only just for ocean literacy,

639
00:28:26.460 --> 00:28:28.410
but also for (indistinct) literacy.

640
00:28:28.410 --> 00:28:30.270
So yeah,

641
00:28:30.270 --> 00:28:32.610
I think with those relationships

642
00:28:32.610 --> 00:28:33.700
it was really just

643
00:28:34.890 --> 00:28:38.609
such significant outputs and resources were developed.

644
00:28:38.609 --> 00:28:39.967
And I think beyond that,

645
00:28:39.967 --> 00:28:44.045
what I found just having been part of the expeditions

646
00:28:44.045 --> 00:28:45.900
and being able to be present

647
00:28:45.900 --> 00:28:48.840
and understanding the importance of all of these practices

648
00:28:48.840 --> 00:28:51.150
and research is that (indistinct),

649
00:28:51.150 --> 00:28:52.140
we do it together.

650
00:28:52.140 --> 00:28:53.610
And it's meaningful, important,

651
00:28:53.610 --> 00:28:55.624
and we recognize the significance,

652
00:28:55.624 --> 00:28:59.042
and skill sets and values that all of us have

653
00:28:59.042 --> 00:29:00.133
and bring to the table

654
00:29:00.133 --> 00:29:01.680
to be able to care for these places

655
00:29:01.680 --> 00:29:03.690
that are very important.

656
00:29:03.690 --> 00:29:06.720
So before I transition into the next phase

657
00:29:06.720 --> 00:29:08.303
of our presentation,

658
00:29:08.303 --> 00:29:10.945
I wanna close with the most important, well,

659
00:29:10.945 --> 00:29:13.080
some of the most beautiful product

660
00:29:13.080 --> 00:29:14.454
that came from this relationship.

661
00:29:14.454 --> 00:29:17.820
And that was the development of the expedition names

662
00:29:17.820 --> 00:29:21.090
for 2021 through Papahānaumokuākea.

663
00:29:21.090 --> 00:29:22.890
And one of the things that I like to talk about

664
00:29:22.890 --> 00:29:24.704
when we talk about Native environmental science

665
00:29:24.704 --> 00:29:26.559
is the way that we gather data

666
00:29:26.559 --> 00:29:28.991
and then reflect it or produce it

667
00:29:28.991 --> 00:29:30.723
is different but somewhere

668
00:29:30.723 --> 00:29:32.670
into the way that Western science has.

669
00:29:32.670 --> 00:29:35.160
So the development of these names

670
00:29:35.160 --> 00:29:38.157
came with a long process that I won't go into,

671
00:29:38.157 --> 00:29:41.400
but the product was (speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi)

672
00:29:41.400 --> 00:29:44.793
that I would like to share with you folks now.

673
00:29:45.780 --> 00:29:46.613
So Dan,

674
00:29:46.613 --> 00:29:49.200
if you would like to switch to the next slide

675
00:29:49.200 --> 00:29:51.783
and then I will transition over to Dan's.

676
00:29:56.340 --> 00:29:57.173
Okay.

677
00:29:58.650 --> 00:30:01.080
Dan, if you could switch to the next slide please,

678
00:30:01.080 --> 00:30:02.133
that would be great.

679
00:30:04.102 --> 00:30:05.130
(speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi)

680
00:30:05.130 --> 00:30:07.050
So all of these names

681
00:30:07.050 --> 00:30:09.383
are the names given to the 2021

682
00:30:09.383 --> 00:30:11.287
Papahānaumokuākea Expeditions

683
00:30:11.287 --> 00:30:14.748
and they resulted in an (indistinct),

684
00:30:14.748 --> 00:30:17.624
and each component of the latter part of the line

685
00:30:17.624 --> 00:30:22.421
is the name that reflects the expedition that we took.

686
00:30:22.421 --> 00:30:23.896
(speaking ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi)

687
00:30:23.896 --> 00:30:26.896
"Lu'u a ea, a hiki i ke kai lipolipo

688
00:30:29.694 --> 00:30:33.861
Lu'u a ea, a hiki i ka papaku (e)

689
00:30:37.575 --> 00:30:40.408
Lu'u a ea, a hiki i ke kualono kai

690
00:30:44.229 --> 00:30:49.229
Lu'u a ea, a hiki i ke kumu (e)

691
00:30:53.647 --> 00:30:56.647
Lu'u a ea, a hiki i ka wawa a Palaoa

692
00:31:01.187 --> 00:31:04.437
Lu'u a ea, a hiki i ka papa haka'i wawa

693
00:31:10.245 --> 00:31:12.162
Ola I ke au a Kanaloa."

694
00:31:18.900 --> 00:31:20.013
Mahalo.

695
00:31:29.820 --> 00:31:30.837
<v ->Thank you so much, Hōkū.</v>

696
00:31:30.837 --> 00:31:32.374
And aloha, everyone.

697
00:31:32.374 --> 00:31:33.300
Yeah,

698
00:31:33.300 --> 00:31:35.643
thanks to Allison and Hōkū for really setting the stage.

699
00:31:35.643 --> 00:31:39.510
I'm actually calling in from the ship, from EV Nautilus.

700
00:31:39.510 --> 00:31:41.580
We are on the last of our expeditions

701
00:31:41.580 --> 00:31:43.711
of this very exciting field season

702
00:31:43.711 --> 00:31:45.000
that has brought the ship

703
00:31:45.000 --> 00:31:47.214
all across the Central Pacific.

704
00:31:47.214 --> 00:31:50.610
A big part of it has been here in the main Hawaiian islands,

705
00:31:50.610 --> 00:31:52.620
but also in the northwestern Hawaiian islands

706
00:31:52.620 --> 00:31:54.425
and Papahānaumokuākea.

707
00:31:54.425 --> 00:31:56.547
And as Andy mentioned in introduction,

708
00:31:56.547 --> 00:32:00.600
Papahānaumokuākea has been a really special and sacred place

709
00:32:00.600 --> 00:32:02.899
in my professional and personal development.

710
00:32:02.899 --> 00:32:06.870
I was privileged enough to be able to work for the monument

711
00:32:06.870 --> 00:32:07.824
for several years.

712
00:32:07.824 --> 00:32:10.684
And through that work I was able to visit

713
00:32:10.684 --> 00:32:13.403
this really special and sacred place

714
00:32:13.403 --> 00:32:18.403
and see some of its magic and majesty and all of its glamor.

715
00:32:18.607 --> 00:32:22.384
And when we talk about the significance of this place

716
00:32:22.384 --> 00:32:25.838
that is really in many ways like no other place on earth,

717
00:32:25.838 --> 00:32:28.511
the images and the narratives that we use

718
00:32:28.511 --> 00:32:31.133
are images like this,

719
00:32:31.133 --> 00:32:34.397
talking about the exceptional cultural

720
00:32:34.397 --> 00:32:36.925
and sacred significance in this place

721
00:32:36.925 --> 00:32:40.191
to Native Hawaiians as well as other seafarers

722
00:32:40.191 --> 00:32:43.773
to venture to these remote archipelago.

723
00:32:45.210 --> 00:32:46.740
Shallow water ecosystems

724
00:32:46.740 --> 00:32:48.660
that are dominated by apex predators

725
00:32:48.660 --> 00:32:49.694
and sharks and jacks,

726
00:32:49.694 --> 00:32:52.252
something that's very rare on earth.

727
00:32:52.252 --> 00:32:56.970
Also safe haven to some threatened and endangered species,

728
00:32:56.970 --> 00:32:58.770
including some species that are found

729
00:32:58.770 --> 00:33:00.420
nowhere else in our planet,

730
00:33:00.420 --> 00:33:02.104
like the endemic Hawaiian monk seals.

731
00:33:02.104 --> 00:33:05.100
And just the extraordinary biodiversity

732
00:33:05.100 --> 00:33:07.660
that we find both on land and in the sea,

733
00:33:07.660 --> 00:33:10.094
including some of the highest concentrations

734
00:33:10.094 --> 00:33:15.094
of fishes and invertebrates found anywhere on the planet.

735
00:33:16.110 --> 00:33:18.060
Now, one important thing to highlight

736
00:33:18.060 --> 00:33:21.005
is that while all these stories are absolutely true,

737
00:33:21.005 --> 00:33:23.639
in some ways they're not representative

738
00:33:23.639 --> 00:33:28.015
of the incredible magnitude of Papahānaumokuākea.

739
00:33:28.015 --> 00:33:32.608
So Papahānaumokuākea is 1.5 million square kilometers.

740
00:33:32.608 --> 00:33:35.836
And the vast majority of that

741
00:33:35.836 --> 00:33:40.209
is really offshore and deep ecosystems.

742
00:33:40.209 --> 00:33:44.125
We have only a few specs of land

743
00:33:44.125 --> 00:33:47.070
and coral reefs around that.

744
00:33:47.070 --> 00:33:47.903
But the really,

745
00:33:47.903 --> 00:33:49.083
the vast majority around that

746
00:33:49.083 --> 00:33:50.910
is in very deep waters.

747
00:33:50.910 --> 00:33:54.290
And up until recently, we know, knew very little about it.

748
00:33:54.290 --> 00:33:56.700
And in fact up until recently

749
00:33:56.700 --> 00:33:57.930
we actually didn't even know

750
00:33:57.930 --> 00:34:00.038
what the seafloor in this area looked like.

751
00:34:00.038 --> 00:34:02.670
And you might think of like,

752
00:34:02.670 --> 00:34:04.140
if you look at a map like this,

753
00:34:04.140 --> 00:34:05.765
that has all been mapped.

754
00:34:05.765 --> 00:34:09.236
But these are maps that are created with technology

755
00:34:09.236 --> 00:34:12.453
that is based on seafloor altimeter.

756
00:34:12.453 --> 00:34:16.197
So in essence we use satellites to measure,

757
00:34:16.197 --> 00:34:17.722
with very, very high precision,

758
00:34:17.722 --> 00:34:20.310
the distance between the satellite

759
00:34:20.310 --> 00:34:22.650
and the sea surface.

760
00:34:22.650 --> 00:34:25.560
And based on that we can then create models

761
00:34:25.560 --> 00:34:28.140
of what the seafloor underneath it looks like.

762
00:34:28.140 --> 00:34:29.400
And while they're able to resolve

763
00:34:29.400 --> 00:34:31.273
some of the larger features on the seafloor,

764
00:34:31.273 --> 00:34:34.710
you can't really see anything that is smaller

765
00:34:34.710 --> 00:34:36.450
than about a kilometer in size,

766
00:34:36.450 --> 00:34:37.980
so about half a mile in size.

767
00:34:37.980 --> 00:34:40.350
And so up until recently,

768
00:34:40.350 --> 00:34:43.080
we didn't know many about what the seafloor

769
00:34:43.080 --> 00:34:45.359
in this special place looked like.

770
00:34:45.359 --> 00:34:49.488
And there was also smaller pieces we use,

771
00:34:49.488 --> 00:34:53.370
as Allison mentioned, our sonar systems.

772
00:34:53.370 --> 00:34:54.360
So in essence you use,

773
00:34:54.360 --> 00:34:58.276
because light is such a poor penetrator of the sea surface

774
00:34:58.276 --> 00:35:01.093
and it doesn't really go through water well,

775
00:35:01.093 --> 00:35:04.350
we use sound and we use sonars.

776
00:35:04.350 --> 00:35:07.080
They're basically equipment that's mounted

777
00:35:07.080 --> 00:35:09.719
on the hull of ships or other vessels

778
00:35:09.719 --> 00:35:12.332
and they emit a pulse of sound

779
00:35:12.332 --> 00:35:14.766
that then travels to the bottom of the seafloor.

780
00:35:14.766 --> 00:35:17.160
And based on the difference of time

781
00:35:17.160 --> 00:35:19.500
between when you emit that pulse and when it comes back,

782
00:35:19.500 --> 00:35:22.135
you can then calculate the depth underneath you.

783
00:35:22.135 --> 00:35:25.140
And based on how much sound you emit

784
00:35:25.140 --> 00:35:26.061
and how much you get back you,

785
00:35:26.061 --> 00:35:27.714
or the intensity,

786
00:35:27.714 --> 00:35:30.360
you can get a sense of whether that seafloor

787
00:35:30.360 --> 00:35:32.382
is hard or softer.

788
00:35:32.382 --> 00:35:35.395
And using this technology you can really create

789
00:35:35.395 --> 00:35:38.405
really phenomenal maps of the seafloor.

790
00:35:38.405 --> 00:35:41.430
And these maps are really important

791
00:35:41.430 --> 00:35:43.160
for many, many different reasons.

792
00:35:43.160 --> 00:35:45.630
It's these maps that allow you to do

793
00:35:45.630 --> 00:35:49.140
a more in-depth investigations and explorations.

794
00:35:49.140 --> 00:35:50.119
And it's because,

795
00:35:50.119 --> 00:35:52.380
both in terms of if you're interested

796
00:35:52.380 --> 00:35:54.900
in the physical oceanography or the biology

797
00:35:54.900 --> 00:35:57.165
and biodiversity or the geology,

798
00:35:57.165 --> 00:36:00.175
you're really looking and studying these maps in depth

799
00:36:00.175 --> 00:36:03.030
to try to understand places that you might wanna study

800
00:36:03.030 --> 00:36:04.292
in much more detail.

801
00:36:04.292 --> 00:36:08.694
But these maps are also important for a series of map models

802
00:36:08.694 --> 00:36:11.400
and trying to model several things such,

803
00:36:11.400 --> 00:36:13.801
including how climate change might respond.

804
00:36:13.801 --> 00:36:18.091
But yeah, these maps are really, really important.

805
00:36:18.091 --> 00:36:22.200
And over the last few years we've had several expeditions

806
00:36:22.200 --> 00:36:23.640
to Papahānaumokuākea

807
00:36:23.640 --> 00:36:27.547
and been able to map a large, large portion of it,

808
00:36:27.547 --> 00:36:32.250
over 120,000 square kilometer of seafloor.

809
00:36:32.250 --> 00:36:34.413
And mapping areas that had not been mapped

810
00:36:34.413 --> 00:36:36.640
in detail before.

811
00:36:36.640 --> 00:36:41.520
And so one important thing that Allison alluded to

812
00:36:41.520 --> 00:36:45.870
is that in all of these expeditions to Papahānaumokuākea,

813
00:36:45.870 --> 00:36:48.570
we've used the multibeams of our ship.

814
00:36:48.570 --> 00:36:50.340
But this year for the very first time

815
00:36:50.340 --> 00:36:53.310
we've actually used multiple vehicles

816
00:36:53.310 --> 00:36:54.894
inside in Papahānaumokuākea,

817
00:36:54.894 --> 00:36:58.569
in partnership with the University of New Hampshire,

818
00:36:58.569 --> 00:37:00.840
deployed multiple vehicles.

819
00:37:00.840 --> 00:37:03.210
And this is really, really important

820
00:37:03.210 --> 00:37:04.178
because it allows us to

821
00:37:04.178 --> 00:37:08.010
do exploration in much, much more efficiency,

822
00:37:08.010 --> 00:37:11.880
and using multiple vehicles as a force multiplier

823
00:37:11.880 --> 00:37:15.453
to map this great unknown that is the deep sea.

824
00:37:17.970 --> 00:37:22.440
And if we use the mapping data that we've collected

825
00:37:22.440 --> 00:37:24.390
in the monument and many others have,

826
00:37:24.390 --> 00:37:25.590
that have come before us,

827
00:37:25.590 --> 00:37:29.282
including the Schmidt Ocean Institute, Okeanos Explorer,

828
00:37:29.282 --> 00:37:32.520
(indistinct) and many other ships that have ventured.

829
00:37:32.520 --> 00:37:34.923
This year we pass an important threshold

830
00:37:34.923 --> 00:37:36.840
in that we have now,

831
00:37:36.840 --> 00:37:39.360
more than half the monument has been mapped

832
00:37:39.360 --> 00:37:40.988
with modern technology.

833
00:37:40.988 --> 00:37:44.550
And this is really important also

834
00:37:44.550 --> 00:37:46.500
because those areas that are not mapped,

835
00:37:46.500 --> 00:37:48.150
those areas there in dark blue,

836
00:37:48.150 --> 00:37:50.653
are mostly the areas that are in the really deep,

837
00:37:50.653 --> 00:37:53.207
flat portions of seafloor

838
00:37:53.207 --> 00:37:55.310
where actually the satellite altimetry

839
00:37:55.310 --> 00:37:58.362
is a pretty good indicator what the seafloor looks like.

840
00:37:58.362 --> 00:38:00.930
And so these maps have really allowed us

841
00:38:00.930 --> 00:38:03.512
to now take the next steps of exploration

842
00:38:03.512 --> 00:38:07.140
and is deploying our imaging systems

843
00:38:07.140 --> 00:38:09.690
to try to get a sense of all these things

844
00:38:09.690 --> 00:38:12.333
that have been hidden in very deep water.

845
00:38:13.560 --> 00:38:14.910
And over the last few years

846
00:38:14.910 --> 00:38:18.237
we've conducted multiple expeditions to Papahānaumokuākea

847
00:38:18.237 --> 00:38:22.950
that have executed three dozen dives

848
00:38:22.950 --> 00:38:25.562
to explore some of the deepest extents of the monument.

849
00:38:25.562 --> 00:38:28.737
So these are depths down to 4,000 meters.

850
00:38:28.737 --> 00:38:31.830
And these dives have explored a wide diversity

851
00:38:31.830 --> 00:38:33.357
of habitats and depths,

852
00:38:33.357 --> 00:38:36.090
so going down to the abyssal seafloor

853
00:38:36.090 --> 00:38:39.349
and then basically finishing up in the shallow areas,

854
00:38:39.349 --> 00:38:43.472
in those places where some of the other monitoring programs

855
00:38:43.472 --> 00:38:48.472
that have targeted coral reefs and mesophoto coral reefs.

856
00:38:48.511 --> 00:38:51.840
So really illuminating that huge knowledge gap

857
00:38:51.840 --> 00:38:54.963
that had remained in the monument until recently.

858
00:38:56.490 --> 00:38:58.380
And some of the extraordinary lessons

859
00:38:58.380 --> 00:38:59.760
and some of the extraordinary things

860
00:38:59.760 --> 00:39:01.165
that we've come out is that,

861
00:39:01.165 --> 00:39:03.650
now that biodiversity that I talked about

862
00:39:03.650 --> 00:39:07.072
in the shallow water ecosystems of Papahānaumokuākea,

863
00:39:07.072 --> 00:39:08.910
if you look in the right places,

864
00:39:08.910 --> 00:39:11.670
you have similarly extraordinary biodiversity

865
00:39:11.670 --> 00:39:13.139
in the deep sea.

866
00:39:13.139 --> 00:39:15.537
So these are images that are all taken this year

867
00:39:15.537 --> 00:39:19.169
in depths of about 1200 to 2000 meters.

868
00:39:19.169 --> 00:39:22.860
And you can really see they're all practical purposes.

869
00:39:22.860 --> 00:39:26.802
These are, these are forests or gardens of corals sponges,

870
00:39:26.802 --> 00:39:27.635
echinoderms,

871
00:39:27.635 --> 00:39:30.000
many other groups of animals where,

872
00:39:30.000 --> 00:39:31.298
when we put down the submersible

873
00:39:31.298 --> 00:39:33.930
in a mile of water.

874
00:39:33.930 --> 00:39:36.660
So we looked at diversities and densities.

875
00:39:36.660 --> 00:39:38.400
They're very comparable to what you would see

876
00:39:38.400 --> 00:39:39.840
in a shallow water ecosystems.

877
00:39:39.840 --> 00:39:41.316
So really remarkable

878
00:39:41.316 --> 00:39:43.204
and just highlighting how important

879
00:39:43.204 --> 00:39:46.053
some of these ecosystems are.

880
00:39:47.460 --> 00:39:51.451
And it's not just the sheer diversity of density

881
00:39:51.451 --> 00:39:53.340
that you when you cook,

882
00:39:53.340 --> 00:39:55.815
but if you start zooming in on these animals,

883
00:39:55.815 --> 00:39:58.170
you'll see that there's quite a bit

884
00:39:58.170 --> 00:40:00.415
of untapped biodiversity.

885
00:40:00.415 --> 00:40:02.619
We've, based on the image

886
00:40:02.619 --> 00:40:05.934
that we've collected in the high resolution image,

887
00:40:05.934 --> 00:40:08.160
there's many dozens of species that are,

888
00:40:08.160 --> 00:40:10.770
that are suspected of being new to science.

889
00:40:10.770 --> 00:40:12.900
They're in the process of being analyzed

890
00:40:12.900 --> 00:40:14.629
by multiple taxonomists.

891
00:40:14.629 --> 00:40:19.440
Many others or more that were species that we knew existed

892
00:40:19.440 --> 00:40:22.800
but we didn't exist, knew exist in this part of the world.

893
00:40:22.800 --> 00:40:24.624
And then also new behaviors.

894
00:40:24.624 --> 00:40:28.800
So this is a really important thing is for the deep sea,

895
00:40:28.800 --> 00:40:31.470
the vast majority of species have been described

896
00:40:31.470 --> 00:40:35.820
based on specimens that were collected with nets and trawls,

897
00:40:35.820 --> 00:40:37.380
some of which were conducted, you know,

898
00:40:37.380 --> 00:40:39.077
hundreds of years ago.

899
00:40:39.077 --> 00:40:42.510
And those specimens didn't give you much information

900
00:40:42.510 --> 00:40:45.499
about what these animals look like when they're alive.

901
00:40:45.499 --> 00:40:47.610
So we've, for the first time,

902
00:40:47.610 --> 00:40:51.270
been able to really describe what these animals look like

903
00:40:51.270 --> 00:40:53.613
when they're alive and how do they behave.

904
00:40:54.609 --> 00:40:57.180
And I do wanna just point out one thing.

905
00:40:57.180 --> 00:41:00.870
This was an observation that came out of an expedition

906
00:41:00.870 --> 00:41:02.609
in April this year.

907
00:41:02.609 --> 00:41:05.610
If you were around the news or media at any time

908
00:41:05.610 --> 00:41:09.731
around that, this was a story that went really viral.

909
00:41:09.731 --> 00:41:12.277
This was an image taken at about a thousand meters

910
00:41:12.277 --> 00:41:16.523
in the monument, about 200 miles north of Laysan Island,

911
00:41:16.523 --> 00:41:19.230
where we're exploring a seamount

912
00:41:19.230 --> 00:41:21.260
and we're getting close to the summit of it

913
00:41:21.260 --> 00:41:23.250
at about a thousand meters.

914
00:41:23.250 --> 00:41:25.443
I came across this image here.

915
00:41:26.460 --> 00:41:30.750
And, you know, many reporters were immediately drawn to it

916
00:41:30.750 --> 00:41:33.480
because of its resemblance to perhaps a manmade

917
00:41:33.480 --> 00:41:35.190
or human made structure.

918
00:41:35.190 --> 00:41:36.270
And I want to just assure you

919
00:41:36.270 --> 00:41:38.640
that this is a completely natural phenomenon.

920
00:41:38.640 --> 00:41:42.060
This is a geological feature that has been reported

921
00:41:42.060 --> 00:41:43.500
in other places of the world,

922
00:41:43.500 --> 00:41:45.599
but not really imaged to this detail.

923
00:41:45.599 --> 00:41:47.440
So it's basically

924
00:41:48.630 --> 00:41:51.690
a lava lake where the crust is now fractured,

925
00:41:51.690 --> 00:41:52.770
the right angles,

926
00:41:52.770 --> 00:41:53.790
and the yellow color

927
00:41:53.790 --> 00:41:56.312
is due to low temperature alterations.

928
00:41:56.312 --> 00:41:58.580
But what's important is that, you know,

929
00:41:58.580 --> 00:42:01.560
this really received a lot of media attention.

930
00:42:01.560 --> 00:42:05.520
And while the reporters were initially drawn to, you know,

931
00:42:05.520 --> 00:42:09.603
that we perhaps we've been discovered ancient civilizations,

932
00:42:10.710 --> 00:42:13.461
in these conversations with media and conversations,

933
00:42:13.461 --> 00:42:15.600
we've rarely been able to, you know,

934
00:42:15.600 --> 00:42:17.580
highlight the importance of this place.

935
00:42:17.580 --> 00:42:19.530
Talk about Papahānaumokuākea.

936
00:42:19.530 --> 00:42:21.510
It's important to biodiversity,

937
00:42:21.510 --> 00:42:24.060
it's important to the cultural heritage,

938
00:42:24.060 --> 00:42:26.286
and the importance of exploration.

939
00:42:26.286 --> 00:42:29.883
So it was a really important milestone for our team.

940
00:42:31.230 --> 00:42:34.310
Another part that has been driving a lot of our explorations

941
00:42:34.310 --> 00:42:36.693
of Papahānaumokuākea is,

942
00:42:36.693 --> 00:42:39.087
for those of you who have been in Hawaii,

943
00:42:39.087 --> 00:42:41.190
you know that the Hawaiian archipelago

944
00:42:41.190 --> 00:42:43.600
is the most remote archipelago on Earth.

945
00:42:43.600 --> 00:42:46.920
It is also the geographically longest island chain

946
00:42:46.920 --> 00:42:51.600
and the geologically oldest island chain.

947
00:42:51.600 --> 00:42:52.800
And you've probably heard somewhere

948
00:42:52.800 --> 00:42:55.628
in your introductory classes that all the Hawaiian islands

949
00:42:55.628 --> 00:42:58.528
were formed over a common hotspot that's located

950
00:42:58.528 --> 00:43:01.530
close to the big island.

951
00:43:01.530 --> 00:43:04.044
And as you move further away from that hotspot,

952
00:43:04.044 --> 00:43:07.140
the islands get progressively older,

953
00:43:07.140 --> 00:43:09.660
Kure Atoll the oldest,

954
00:43:09.660 --> 00:43:12.150
and then continuing down to the Emperor seamounts,

955
00:43:12.150 --> 00:43:13.620
they get older and older.

956
00:43:13.620 --> 00:43:15.813
And these are islands that are now drowned.

957
00:43:16.800 --> 00:43:18.510
But that's just one part of the story.

958
00:43:18.510 --> 00:43:20.250
On either axis of these islands,

959
00:43:20.250 --> 00:43:22.061
you have many, many seamounts

960
00:43:22.061 --> 00:43:26.643
and the monument includes over a hundred of these.

961
00:43:27.840 --> 00:43:30.660
Many of these we've known based on dredge samples

962
00:43:30.660 --> 00:43:33.960
that come in the past that they're much, much older.

963
00:43:33.960 --> 00:43:35.400
These are seamounts that formed

964
00:43:35.400 --> 00:43:36.750
not over the Hawaiian hotspot

965
00:43:36.750 --> 00:43:38.220
but somewhere else in the Pacific

966
00:43:38.220 --> 00:43:40.506
and then rifted to this area.

967
00:43:40.506 --> 00:43:44.430
So really understanding the age and geological structure

968
00:43:44.430 --> 00:43:47.163
of this area has been driving a lot of our research.

969
00:43:47.163 --> 00:43:50.041
We've collected numerous, numerous samples

970
00:43:50.041 --> 00:43:53.019
that are deposited in repositories,

971
00:43:53.019 --> 00:43:54.876
publicly accessible.

972
00:43:54.876 --> 00:43:58.650
Some of these have now been requested by scientists

973
00:43:58.650 --> 00:43:59.867
that are beginning to age them.

974
00:43:59.867 --> 00:44:03.720
And we already are getting in some age estimates

975
00:44:03.720 --> 00:44:07.740
for them that, you know, highlight that these seamounts,

976
00:44:07.740 --> 00:44:11.196
some of them are in the vicinity of 80 to 120 million years.

977
00:44:11.196 --> 00:44:13.323
So a lot of complexity.

978
00:44:14.670 --> 00:44:17.490
And another thing I do wanna point out is, you know,

979
00:44:17.490 --> 00:44:20.220
while a lot of us get very interested

980
00:44:20.220 --> 00:44:22.539
about the big scale and the big animals,

981
00:44:22.539 --> 00:44:27.539
we've also for the first time done really an in-detail study

982
00:44:27.616 --> 00:44:31.680
about the biodiversity at the small scale.

983
00:44:31.680 --> 00:44:34.143
So in partnership with Beth Orcutt from Bigelow,

984
00:44:36.090 --> 00:44:38.302
we've been able to collect a whole suite of samples

985
00:44:38.302 --> 00:44:41.220
that are in the process of being analyzed

986
00:44:41.220 --> 00:44:43.703
to really try to understand diversity at all scales,

987
00:44:43.703 --> 00:44:47.256
trying to understand bacteria and other smaller microbes

988
00:44:47.256 --> 00:44:49.590
that are found in the deep sea.

989
00:44:49.590 --> 00:44:51.120
And these are really fundamental.

990
00:44:51.120 --> 00:44:52.515
While our eyes can't pick 'em up,

991
00:44:52.515 --> 00:44:56.640
they have tremendous implications for nutrient cycles,

992
00:44:56.640 --> 00:44:57.810
for the carbon cycles

993
00:44:57.810 --> 00:45:00.780
for how these ecosystems might respond

994
00:45:00.780 --> 00:45:02.603
to climate change and other perturbations.

995
00:45:02.603 --> 00:45:06.690
So while it's analyses or results

996
00:45:06.690 --> 00:45:09.060
from these analyses are not yet available,

997
00:45:09.060 --> 00:45:10.489
they will be soon

998
00:45:10.489 --> 00:45:13.200
and really important to understanding

999
00:45:13.200 --> 00:45:16.233
the significance of these deep sea ecosystems.

1000
00:45:17.700 --> 00:45:19.253
And I just wanted to highlight,

1001
00:45:19.253 --> 00:45:21.049
Allison already touched on this,

1002
00:45:21.049 --> 00:45:24.542
this is really an important pillar of our mission,

1003
00:45:24.542 --> 00:45:27.270
is to make our data publicly accessible.

1004
00:45:27.270 --> 00:45:29.244
Typically within about a month of hitting the dock,

1005
00:45:29.244 --> 00:45:33.954
all of our data are sent to publicly accessible archives

1006
00:45:33.954 --> 00:45:38.954
because we realize that we need to really increase the pace

1007
00:45:39.930 --> 00:45:42.690
of understanding the biggest part of our planet.

1008
00:45:42.690 --> 00:45:44.926
The bigger buzz, part of our ocean is still unknown

1009
00:45:44.926 --> 00:45:47.760
and so all of our data are available

1010
00:45:47.760 --> 00:45:49.963
in publicly accessible repositories.

1011
00:45:49.963 --> 00:45:53.040
All you really need to know is go to our website

1012
00:45:53.040 --> 00:45:56.070
and then you'll find information and some of the highlights

1013
00:45:56.070 --> 00:45:57.630
of every expedition.

1014
00:45:57.630 --> 00:46:00.103
And you also find links to all of the repositories

1015
00:46:00.103 --> 00:46:03.333
where the data is eventually stored.

1016
00:46:04.170 --> 00:46:05.075
So for those of you,

1017
00:46:05.075 --> 00:46:07.920
either early or late career scientists

1018
00:46:07.920 --> 00:46:09.840
who are looking for additional projects,

1019
00:46:09.840 --> 00:46:11.876
there's a tremendous wealth of data

1020
00:46:11.876 --> 00:46:14.872
that we really want folks to analyze

1021
00:46:14.872 --> 00:46:18.177
'cause I think that many, many discoveries are gonna be made

1022
00:46:18.177 --> 00:46:19.920
just in the mountains of data

1023
00:46:19.920 --> 00:46:22.420
that are collected in each one of our expeditions.

1024
00:46:23.820 --> 00:46:25.890
Allison highlighted the importance

1025
00:46:25.890 --> 00:46:27.342
of our education and outreach,

1026
00:46:27.342 --> 00:46:29.850
and I just wanted to share a few numbers

1027
00:46:29.850 --> 00:46:33.300
from our expeditions just this year to Papahānaumokuākea.

1028
00:46:33.300 --> 00:46:36.445
So these were three trips to Papahānaumokuākea

1029
00:46:36.445 --> 00:46:41.445
and we've really had some really phenomenal impact

1030
00:46:41.700 --> 00:46:43.072
with our education and outreach.

1031
00:46:43.072 --> 00:46:45.930
So we were fortunate to bring eight teachers

1032
00:46:45.930 --> 00:46:47.760
out to Papahānaumokuākea

1033
00:46:47.760 --> 00:46:51.308
who developed a plethora of educational resources,

1034
00:46:51.308 --> 00:46:54.806
all of which are publicly accessible on our website.

1035
00:46:54.806 --> 00:46:58.950
We've also bought, brought three, 10 student interns

1036
00:46:58.950 --> 00:47:02.670
who received at-sea instruction on a variety of topics

1037
00:47:02.670 --> 00:47:05.581
and learned the life of at-sea exploration,

1038
00:47:05.581 --> 00:47:08.010
but also obtained practical instruction

1039
00:47:08.010 --> 00:47:10.683
on how to collect, process, and analyze data.

1040
00:47:11.670 --> 00:47:14.747
We also taken over 19 students,

1041
00:47:14.747 --> 00:47:17.610
most of which were basically,

1042
00:47:17.610 --> 00:47:21.004
this was their very first experience at sea.

1043
00:47:21.004 --> 00:47:24.930
And if I wind back about 20 years of my life

1044
00:47:24.930 --> 00:47:27.180
when I was privileged to be taken

1045
00:47:27.180 --> 00:47:29.150
on one of my first at-sea voyages,

1046
00:47:29.150 --> 00:47:31.674
these are really life-changing experiences

1047
00:47:31.674 --> 00:47:35.453
and it's such a, such a blessing to be able to

1048
00:47:35.453 --> 00:47:38.032
work with so many students to get them out there.

1049
00:47:38.032 --> 00:47:41.243
I know we have much more interest than we have bunks

1050
00:47:41.243 --> 00:47:43.680
and so, bringing the place to the people

1051
00:47:43.680 --> 00:47:45.630
is not just the mission of Papahānaumokuākea

1052
00:47:45.630 --> 00:47:47.520
but it's very much the same for us

1053
00:47:47.520 --> 00:47:49.075
at the Ocean Exploration Trust.

1054
00:47:49.075 --> 00:47:54.075
So we pretty much daily connect with different classrooms.

1055
00:47:54.660 --> 00:47:57.313
We had 216 interactions with classrooms,

1056
00:47:57.313 --> 00:48:00.995
over a third of which were with classrooms in Hawaii,

1057
00:48:00.995 --> 00:48:03.797
many of which were also in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi,

1058
00:48:03.797 --> 00:48:07.290
where students were basically are able to ask questions.

1059
00:48:07.290 --> 00:48:08.647
So, "What is life at sea?"

1060
00:48:08.647 --> 00:48:10.290
"What are you finding?"

1061
00:48:10.290 --> 00:48:12.141
And getting them excited.

1062
00:48:12.141 --> 00:48:16.710
The media outreach was also quite impressive,

1063
00:48:16.710 --> 00:48:18.510
over 300 stories,

1064
00:48:18.510 --> 00:48:20.880
and just the live streams from our expeditions

1065
00:48:20.880 --> 00:48:24.120
to Papahānaumokuākea got over 3 million views.

1066
00:48:24.120 --> 00:48:26.280
And last, but not certain least,

1067
00:48:26.280 --> 00:48:27.720
through these viral stories,

1068
00:48:27.720 --> 00:48:30.090
including the yellow brick roll,

1069
00:48:30.090 --> 00:48:30.923
road,

1070
00:48:30.923 --> 00:48:33.183
we got an really incredible press reach.

1071
00:48:33.183 --> 00:48:34.860
That is right,

1072
00:48:34.860 --> 00:48:36.137
billion, not million.

1073
00:48:36.137 --> 00:48:38.117
So this is really important

1074
00:48:38.117 --> 00:48:40.788
of sharing what we're learning

1075
00:48:40.788 --> 00:48:42.673
and what we're finding.

1076
00:48:42.673 --> 00:48:46.200
And it's not just the work from the Ocean Exploration Trust,

1077
00:48:46.200 --> 00:48:49.410
we also were partnered with the folks that came on our ship,

1078
00:48:49.410 --> 00:48:52.920
so privileged to work with Beth Orcutt and Randy Rochen

1079
00:48:52.920 --> 00:48:55.111
from the Cobra Project,

1080
00:48:55.111 --> 00:48:59.790
who sailed on our expedition and then designed a proj-

1081
00:48:59.790 --> 00:49:02.550
a classroom around this.

1082
00:49:02.550 --> 00:49:05.310
So there were several students that were involved

1083
00:49:05.310 --> 00:49:07.784
in designing and executing and reporting the mission.

1084
00:49:07.784 --> 00:49:10.918
All the materials that were developed during that

1085
00:49:10.918 --> 00:49:14.007
are also publicly accessible on our website

1086
00:49:14.007 --> 00:49:16.983
and through the COBRA website.

1087
00:49:18.420 --> 00:49:19.800
And last but certainly not least,

1088
00:49:19.800 --> 00:49:22.605
it does take a village to make all of this happen.

1089
00:49:22.605 --> 00:49:25.740
The three expeditions to Papahānaumokuākea

1090
00:49:25.740 --> 00:49:29.100
included close to 70,

1091
00:49:29.100 --> 00:49:30.600
70, seven, zero,

1092
00:49:30.600 --> 00:49:31.433
scientists,

1093
00:49:31.433 --> 00:49:32.266
engineers,

1094
00:49:32.266 --> 00:49:33.099
students,

1095
00:49:33.099 --> 00:49:34.260
educators,

1096
00:49:34.260 --> 00:49:36.450
people from all kinds of different backgrounds,

1097
00:49:36.450 --> 00:49:39.494
representing 26 institutions

1098
00:49:39.494 --> 00:49:43.086
that were able to sail to Papahānaumokuākea.

1099
00:49:43.086 --> 00:49:45.390
And that's just part of it.

1100
00:49:45.390 --> 00:49:48.360
We also, through telepresence technology,

1101
00:49:48.360 --> 00:49:51.450
had many additional scientists and engineers

1102
00:49:51.450 --> 00:49:52.897
that participated remotely,

1103
00:49:52.897 --> 00:49:55.886
over a hundred in these three expeditions.

1104
00:49:55.886 --> 00:49:57.449
And that really,

1105
00:49:57.449 --> 00:50:00.363
it was a, was a phenomenal feat.

1106
00:50:01.484 --> 00:50:02.430
And with that,

1107
00:50:02.430 --> 00:50:04.710
I do wanna finish here

1108
00:50:04.710 --> 00:50:06.240
and hopefully we have a little bit more time

1109
00:50:06.240 --> 00:50:07.770
for questions,

1110
00:50:07.770 --> 00:50:10.440
but again the link there to our website

1111
00:50:10.440 --> 00:50:13.770
where you'll find a plethora of materials.

1112
00:50:13.770 --> 00:50:14.883
So thank you so much.

1113
00:50:18.915 --> 00:50:19.748
<v Andy>Great.</v>

1114
00:50:19.748 --> 00:50:22.454
Mahalo, Allison, Dan, and Hōkū.

1115
00:50:22.454 --> 00:50:24.579
What a great, great presentation.

1116
00:50:24.579 --> 00:50:28.890
So we do have time for a couple of questions.

1117
00:50:28.890 --> 00:50:32.170
I dunno if,

1118
00:50:32.170 --> 00:50:33.780
Kanoe or Malia had pulled out

1119
00:50:33.780 --> 00:50:35.520
any questions in particular

1120
00:50:35.520 --> 00:50:38.283
that might be good to ask.

1121
00:50:39.270 --> 00:50:42.630
<v Kanoe>Yes, we do have a couple of questions already.</v>

1122
00:50:42.630 --> 00:50:43.920
So the first one would be,

1123
00:50:43.920 --> 00:50:45.830
how did you get the red mapping drone

1124
00:50:45.830 --> 00:50:47.973
from New Hampshire to Hawaii?

1125
00:50:50.990 --> 00:50:52.740
<v ->That's a good one.</v>

1126
00:50:52.740 --> 00:50:53.652
It takes a lot of logistics

1127
00:50:53.652 --> 00:50:55.653
but it came from New Hampshire

1128
00:50:55.653 --> 00:50:57.240
in a 40-foot container.

1129
00:50:57.240 --> 00:51:00.150
It was driven across the country to Los Angeles

1130
00:51:00.150 --> 00:51:02.943
and then put on a ship to Honolulu.

1131
00:51:06.750 --> 00:51:09.480
<v Kanoe>Oh nice. A big feat. Mahalo.</v>

1132
00:51:09.480 --> 00:51:10.350
The second question is,

1133
00:51:10.350 --> 00:51:12.291
how does the sound emitted by mapping sonar

1134
00:51:12.291 --> 00:51:16.623
compare to the sound emitted by military active sonar?

1135
00:51:20.670 --> 00:51:22.050
<v ->Yeah, that's an excellent question</v>

1136
00:51:22.050 --> 00:51:23.520
and something that we're very cognizant.

1137
00:51:23.520 --> 00:51:26.006
So the short story it's is, yeah,

1138
00:51:26.006 --> 00:51:28.020
this is apples and oranges.

1139
00:51:28.020 --> 00:51:30.960
So they are very different.

1140
00:51:30.960 --> 00:51:34.080
There have been multiple studies looking at this

1141
00:51:34.080 --> 00:51:37.473
and some of the sonars that we use for scientific purposes,

1142
00:51:38.520 --> 00:51:41.880
there are several species of mammals and others

1143
00:51:41.880 --> 00:51:43.230
that can hear 'em,

1144
00:51:43.230 --> 00:51:46.350
but they do not have the impacts of military sonars.

1145
00:51:46.350 --> 00:51:50.040
So we're talking about something very different.

1146
00:51:50.040 --> 00:51:53.606
And in addition to that, we, while some animals hear 'em,

1147
00:51:53.606 --> 00:51:57.360
we know that for most of them it's minimal.

1148
00:51:57.360 --> 00:51:58.260
But in addition to that

1149
00:51:58.260 --> 00:52:00.940
we also have several best management practices.

1150
00:52:00.940 --> 00:52:02.850
So on each one of our expeditions,

1151
00:52:02.850 --> 00:52:04.796
we have folks that are keeping eye out

1152
00:52:04.796 --> 00:52:07.520
and we do not operate our sonars

1153
00:52:07.520 --> 00:52:10.242
when we're close to whales or dolphins.

1154
00:52:10.242 --> 00:52:13.323
So there's people full-time keeping an eye on that.

1155
00:52:14.250 --> 00:52:15.083
So yeah, this is,

1156
00:52:15.083 --> 00:52:16.890
this is really a big part of it

1157
00:52:16.890 --> 00:52:20.163
is that we wanna minimize all of our impacts.

1158
00:52:23.850 --> 00:52:25.150
<v Kanoe>Mahalo for that.</v>

1159
00:52:26.250 --> 00:52:27.083
The third question,

1160
00:52:27.083 --> 00:52:30.594
how many scientists can be on the different ships exploring

1161
00:52:30.594 --> 00:52:33.030
and do you take pictures from the main ship

1162
00:52:33.030 --> 00:52:36.093
or take smaller vehicles to take the pictures?

1163
00:52:45.300 --> 00:52:46.133
<v ->I'll jump in.</v>

1164
00:52:46.133 --> 00:52:48.600
We have on Nautilus,

1165
00:52:48.600 --> 00:52:52.680
we can house 53 people onboard Nautilus

1166
00:52:52.680 --> 00:52:54.612
and that includes the ship's professional crew,

1167
00:52:54.612 --> 00:52:57.570
which is generally around 17 people.

1168
00:52:57.570 --> 00:52:59.400
And then the rest of the compliment

1169
00:52:59.400 --> 00:53:01.027
are scientists and engineers,

1170
00:53:01.027 --> 00:53:02.841
students and educators,

1171
00:53:02.841 --> 00:53:05.880
artists sometimes.

1172
00:53:05.880 --> 00:53:09.450
So we generally can bring about 33 people

1173
00:53:09.450 --> 00:53:12.750
in what we call our "Science Team" onboard.

1174
00:53:12.750 --> 00:53:15.300
But with the, with the imagery,

1175
00:53:15.300 --> 00:53:17.139
if I understood the question correctly, we're,

1176
00:53:17.139 --> 00:53:19.203
I mean we're taking pictures everywhere.

1177
00:53:19.203 --> 00:53:21.720
So pretty much every vehicle that we have

1178
00:53:21.720 --> 00:53:23.490
has a camera on it.

1179
00:53:23.490 --> 00:53:26.640
So we're sending that, the vehicle down

1180
00:53:26.640 --> 00:53:29.340
and sending that livestream from the deep sea up.

1181
00:53:29.340 --> 00:53:33.180
But we also have cameras from all around the ship as well.

1182
00:53:33.180 --> 00:53:35.820
So when people are following along with our expeditions,

1183
00:53:35.820 --> 00:53:38.460
you can see a lot of the operations happening,

1184
00:53:38.460 --> 00:53:40.470
yeah, and Daniel's in the control room right now

1185
00:53:40.470 --> 00:53:42.307
so you can see some of those camera views

1186
00:53:42.307 --> 00:53:45.210
that are being streamed out on our website right now.

1187
00:53:45.210 --> 00:53:47.700
So you can actually tune in to nautiluslive.org

1188
00:53:47.700 --> 00:53:49.450
and see some of those perspectives.

1189
00:53:53.790 --> 00:53:55.140
<v Kanoe>Okay. Mahalo.</v>

1190
00:53:55.140 --> 00:53:56.880
And we have a couple more questions coming in.

1191
00:53:56.880 --> 00:53:58.110
I see that we do have some time,

1192
00:53:58.110 --> 00:53:59.313
so I'm just gonna go into it.

1193
00:53:59.313 --> 00:54:01.114
Is there similar research going on

1194
00:54:01.114 --> 00:54:03.060
in the Pacific remote islands?

1195
00:54:03.060 --> 00:54:05.322
I ask because of the effort to expand protections

1196
00:54:05.322 --> 00:54:06.633
out to the EEZ.

1197
00:54:11.220 --> 00:54:13.380
<v ->Yeah, so this past year</v>

1198
00:54:13.380 --> 00:54:16.680
we had multiple expeditions to visit

1199
00:54:16.680 --> 00:54:18.990
Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument,

1200
00:54:18.990 --> 00:54:21.360
both to the Kingman and Palmyra unit,

1201
00:54:21.360 --> 00:54:23.315
as well as the Johnston unit.

1202
00:54:23.315 --> 00:54:26.670
And this is something that has continued.

1203
00:54:26.670 --> 00:54:29.550
So next year we'll be going back to this.

1204
00:54:29.550 --> 00:54:30.383
So yeah,

1205
00:54:30.383 --> 00:54:33.510
and a huge amount of seafloor is still to be imaged

1206
00:54:33.510 --> 00:54:34.674
and learned about.

1207
00:54:34.674 --> 00:54:38.218
On this expedition to Johnson Atoll,

1208
00:54:38.218 --> 00:54:42.570
actually just last week we had one of the highlights

1209
00:54:42.570 --> 00:54:45.630
from that expedition got quite a bit of press.

1210
00:54:45.630 --> 00:54:47.130
So Pacific remote islands,

1211
00:54:47.130 --> 00:54:49.230
just like Papahānaumokuākea is known

1212
00:54:49.230 --> 00:54:52.140
for its incredible abundance of apex predators.

1213
00:54:52.140 --> 00:54:55.830
So big, big sharks and the (indistinct) still roam the reefs

1214
00:54:55.830 --> 00:54:57.389
and that's rare for places where you,

1215
00:54:57.389 --> 00:54:59.045
where you have a lot of humans.

1216
00:54:59.045 --> 00:55:03.210
And on the expedition this July to Johnson,

1217
00:55:03.210 --> 00:55:07.426
we picked up a little small rock and it was,

1218
00:55:07.426 --> 00:55:09.060
didn't really think much of it.

1219
00:55:09.060 --> 00:55:10.441
And about a week ago,

1220
00:55:10.441 --> 00:55:13.350
scientists at University of Rhode Island,

1221
00:55:13.350 --> 00:55:14.430
they were looking through this,

1222
00:55:14.430 --> 00:55:18.032
discovered that that was actually a large tooth.

1223
00:55:18.032 --> 00:55:21.630
And we then took some great images

1224
00:55:21.630 --> 00:55:25.560
and engaged through our scientists ashore, some of our,

1225
00:55:25.560 --> 00:55:28.320
some of our experts and a few days ago

1226
00:55:28.320 --> 00:55:30.900
got confirmation that that is a large tooth

1227
00:55:30.900 --> 00:55:32.277
of a Megalodon.

1228
00:55:32.277 --> 00:55:35.370
So those are some of the largest predators

1229
00:55:35.370 --> 00:55:37.050
ever to have roamed this planet

1230
00:55:37.050 --> 00:55:39.450
but went extinct 4 million years.

1231
00:55:39.450 --> 00:55:42.171
They were not known to be found in this part of the world.

1232
00:55:42.171 --> 00:55:45.360
So just highlighting that the biodiversity

1233
00:55:45.360 --> 00:55:48.270
in some of these places is extraordinary today

1234
00:55:48.270 --> 00:55:49.563
and also in the past.

1235
00:55:53.520 --> 00:55:54.840
<v Kanoe>Wow, super cool.</v>

1236
00:55:54.840 --> 00:55:55.803
Mahalo.

1237
00:55:56.850 --> 00:55:58.230
Just going through the list,

1238
00:55:58.230 --> 00:55:59.970
is there any kind of push

1239
00:55:59.970 --> 00:56:01.751
to get local students to participate

1240
00:56:01.751 --> 00:56:04.054
and what advice do you have for students

1241
00:56:04.054 --> 00:56:06.693
wanting to enter this field?

1242
00:56:10.440 --> 00:56:11.730
<v ->Yeah, I'll jump in on that</v>

1243
00:56:11.730 --> 00:56:13.620
and I will say absolutely yes.

1244
00:56:13.620 --> 00:56:16.858
We're always looking for local students to participate

1245
00:56:16.858 --> 00:56:18.870
and a great way to do that

1246
00:56:18.870 --> 00:56:21.090
is through our internship program.

1247
00:56:21.090 --> 00:56:23.070
So if you do go to nautiluslive.org

1248
00:56:23.070 --> 00:56:25.156
and look at the Science and Engineering Internship Program,

1249
00:56:25.156 --> 00:56:29.940
it's a fantastic program that's open to anybody

1250
00:56:29.940 --> 00:56:30.773
in university,

1251
00:56:30.773 --> 00:56:32.280
community colleges,

1252
00:56:32.280 --> 00:56:33.210
recent graduates,

1253
00:56:33.210 --> 00:56:34.215
early career professionals,

1254
00:56:34.215 --> 00:56:36.420
if you're in vocational training,

1255
00:56:36.420 --> 00:56:38.040
that works as well.

1256
00:56:38.040 --> 00:56:40.230
So please, please do check that out.

1257
00:56:40.230 --> 00:56:42.337
And in terms of advice,

1258
00:56:42.337 --> 00:56:44.430
probably good for all three of us

1259
00:56:44.430 --> 00:56:45.480
to offer some advice

1260
00:56:45.480 --> 00:56:47.868
'cause I'm sure that we all have different perspectives.

1261
00:56:47.868 --> 00:56:52.290
But my advice would just be, you know, be curious,

1262
00:56:52.290 --> 00:56:55.170
ask a lot of questions and really just, you know,

1263
00:56:55.170 --> 00:56:58.140
the more you can experience and ask questions

1264
00:56:58.140 --> 00:56:59.280
as you kind of figure out

1265
00:56:59.280 --> 00:57:01.704
what you're really falling in love with

1266
00:57:01.704 --> 00:57:03.408
as a potential career path,

1267
00:57:03.408 --> 00:57:06.240
that's what's gonna keep you passionate

1268
00:57:06.240 --> 00:57:07.440
about what you're doing.

1269
00:57:09.570 --> 00:57:10.570
How about you, Hōkū?

1270
00:57:15.180 --> 00:57:16.013
<v ->Mahalo, Allison.</v>

1271
00:57:16.013 --> 00:57:16.846
Mahalo, Dan.

1272
00:57:16.846 --> 00:57:19.620
Yeah, just to build on Allison's comment,

1273
00:57:19.620 --> 00:57:23.053
I think it's, yeah, be curious,

1274
00:57:23.053 --> 00:57:26.769
be present I think is one that's very huge.

1275
00:57:26.769 --> 00:57:28.740
There's a lot of opportunities out there

1276
00:57:28.740 --> 00:57:30.210
that you may not know exist

1277
00:57:30.210 --> 00:57:33.390
until you're in an immersed, in the experience itself.

1278
00:57:33.390 --> 00:57:35.508
So more can come from that.

1279
00:57:35.508 --> 00:57:37.230
Definitely reach out,

1280
00:57:37.230 --> 00:57:38.177
ask a lot of questions.

1281
00:57:38.177 --> 00:57:40.440
Within your community out here on Big Island,

1282
00:57:40.440 --> 00:57:42.960
there's a lot of resources people can get throughout

1283
00:57:42.960 --> 00:57:46.470
that can help you become a part of these experiences

1284
00:57:46.470 --> 00:57:47.670
if that's what you're interested in.

1285
00:57:47.670 --> 00:57:48.763
And really I think, too,

1286
00:57:48.763 --> 00:57:51.753
I always think about it just personally is,

1287
00:57:52.920 --> 00:57:53.753
you know,

1288
00:57:53.753 --> 00:57:55.950
what your intent is, what do you wanna get from it?

1289
00:57:55.950 --> 00:57:57.360
What, how, yeah,

1290
00:57:57.360 --> 00:57:58.533
like think about all of those things

1291
00:57:58.533 --> 00:58:00.480
that drive your passion and interest

1292
00:58:00.480 --> 00:58:04.917
in part of these larger experiences.

1293
00:58:06.510 --> 00:58:08.310
<v ->Yeah. Mahalo, everybody.</v>

1294
00:58:08.310 --> 00:58:11.400
And with that I think we are just about out of time

1295
00:58:11.400 --> 00:58:13.281
and me to wrap it up.

1296
00:58:13.281 --> 00:58:16.380
So thank you so much for taking time

1297
00:58:16.380 --> 00:58:20.910
out of very busy schedules to present this material to us

1298
00:58:20.910 --> 00:58:25.290
and look forward to continuous engagement with Nautilus.

1299
00:58:25.290 --> 00:58:27.780
We posted a lot of great resources in the chat

1300
00:58:27.780 --> 00:58:30.180
on how to connect with the ship

1301
00:58:30.180 --> 00:58:32.377
and all the great work that they're doing

1302
00:58:32.377 --> 00:58:35.307
and we hope that you take advantage of that.

1303
00:58:35.307 --> 00:58:38.520
And definitely check out the website, nautiluslive.org.

1304
00:58:38.520 --> 00:58:40.650
They're active now off Maui

1305
00:58:40.650 --> 00:58:44.070
and you can find all sorts of things on there

1306
00:58:44.070 --> 00:58:46.110
and education, research, how to connect,

1307
00:58:46.110 --> 00:58:47.250
how to apply for grants,

1308
00:58:47.250 --> 00:58:50.011
how to work with them on various different capacities.

1309
00:58:50.011 --> 00:58:52.620
So definitely do check that out.

1310
00:58:52.620 --> 00:58:56.130
And thank you again, Dan, Allison, and Hōkū

1311
00:58:56.130 --> 00:58:57.810
for your wonderful talk today.

1312
00:58:57.810 --> 00:58:59.940
If we didn't get to your questions,

1313
00:58:59.940 --> 00:59:03.337
we will be sending these back out to the presenters

1314
00:59:03.337 --> 00:59:06.232
and then we will get those answers

1315
00:59:06.232 --> 00:59:10.437
and send them back out to all the people that registered

1316
00:59:10.437 --> 00:59:12.093
for this webinar.

1317
00:59:12.990 --> 00:59:14.940
The archive for this webinar,

1318
00:59:14.940 --> 00:59:17.310
it is being recorded and in a week,

1319
00:59:17.310 --> 00:59:20.760
in about two weeks probably, we'll have the captioning done.

1320
00:59:20.760 --> 00:59:22.715
And we'll be posting that live

1321
00:59:22.715 --> 00:59:25.381
for everybody to watch again or share

1322
00:59:25.381 --> 00:59:28.830
and that will be found on the ONMS,

1323
00:59:28.830 --> 00:59:32.421
the sanctuaries.noaa.gov webinar series archive.

1324
00:59:32.421 --> 00:59:36.333
And so we hope that you can check that out later.

1325
00:59:37.680 --> 00:59:40.295
You'll also be receiving a certificate of attendance

1326
00:59:40.295 --> 00:59:41.760
from this presentation

1327
00:59:41.760 --> 00:59:45.330
for an hour of professional development.

1328
00:59:45.330 --> 00:59:48.646
So we'll be getting that out to you within a couple of days.

1329
00:59:48.646 --> 00:59:51.823
We have a great upcoming webinar so if you,

1330
00:59:51.823 --> 00:59:53.700
I dunno if you've been following,

1331
00:59:53.700 --> 00:59:58.410
but the Papahānaumokuākea Marine Debris Ohana Project

1332
00:59:58.410 --> 01:00:00.630
has been active in Papahānaumokuākea.

1333
01:00:00.630 --> 01:00:01.830
Just finished up this month,

1334
01:00:01.830 --> 01:00:03.135
the second trip up there,

1335
01:00:03.135 --> 01:00:05.520
and they've been doing some incredible work

1336
01:00:05.520 --> 01:00:08.790
removing marine debris and derelict fishing line

1337
01:00:08.790 --> 01:00:11.550
from the reefs of Papahānaumokuākea.

1338
01:00:11.550 --> 01:00:13.410
So we're gonna have Kevin O'Brien back

1339
01:00:13.410 --> 01:00:16.320
or one of his designees back next month

1340
01:00:16.320 --> 01:00:17.340
to do a presentation,

1341
01:00:17.340 --> 01:00:21.466
a wrap up of what they completed this, in 2022.

1342
01:00:21.466 --> 01:00:23.460
And it's just been a miraculous effort

1343
01:00:23.460 --> 01:00:27.210
from those guys removing these dangerous fishing nets

1344
01:00:27.210 --> 01:00:28.053
from our reefs.

1345
01:00:28.920 --> 01:00:30.390
And also, as I mentioned earlier,

1346
01:00:30.390 --> 01:00:32.609
this Sunday is the 50th anniversary

1347
01:00:32.609 --> 01:00:35.504
of the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries,

1348
01:00:35.504 --> 01:00:37.937
and also this weekend's the 30th anniversary

1349
01:00:37.937 --> 01:00:39.750
of the Hawaiian Island Humpback Whale

1350
01:00:39.750 --> 01:00:41.040
National Marine Sanctuary.

1351
01:00:41.040 --> 01:00:44.160
So we're going to be have some anniversary celebrations

1352
01:00:44.160 --> 01:00:47.580
at our Mokupāpapa Discovery Center on Saturday

1353
01:00:47.580 --> 01:00:50.430
and also a Kauaʻi Ocean discovery on Kauaʻi.

1354
01:00:50.430 --> 01:00:52.730
So if you're able to please come out, join us.

1355
01:00:52.730 --> 01:00:54.390
We have cool activities and fun things

1356
01:00:54.390 --> 01:00:59.390
and giveaways to celebrate these two amazing events.

1357
01:00:59.520 --> 01:01:04.520
And, of course, please join Nautilus on their expeditions.

1358
01:01:04.620 --> 01:01:06.150
This isn't the current date in there,

1359
01:01:06.150 --> 01:01:08.404
but they're currently off of Maui right now, as I mentioned.

1360
01:01:08.404 --> 01:01:10.662
That's where Dan was joining us from.

1361
01:01:10.662 --> 01:01:13.770
So please follow along and they're going to be having some

1362
01:01:13.770 --> 01:01:17.400
additional expeditions to Papahānaumokuākea

1363
01:01:17.400 --> 01:01:19.740
coming up at next year.

1364
01:01:19.740 --> 01:01:22.710
So please join along with that.

1365
01:01:22.710 --> 01:01:26.400
And don't forget to fill out our survey at the end.

1366
01:01:26.400 --> 01:01:27.540
We definitely wanna hear from you

1367
01:01:27.540 --> 01:01:29.490
and are there any topics that we could present

1368
01:01:29.490 --> 01:01:31.950
that we haven't covered already.

1369
01:01:31.950 --> 01:01:33.480
Please let us know,

1370
01:01:33.480 --> 01:01:34.590
then let us know how we're doing

1371
01:01:34.590 --> 01:01:35.832
and what you like to see.

1372
01:01:35.832 --> 01:01:38.250
This is how we justify these kind of programs.

1373
01:01:38.250 --> 01:01:40.956
So we look forward to hearing from you.

1374
01:01:40.956 --> 01:01:41.789
And with that,

1375
01:01:41.789 --> 01:01:42.660
Mahalo.

1376
01:01:42.660 --> 01:01:45.878
Happy 50th anniversary, National Marine Sanctuaries.

1377
01:01:45.878 --> 01:01:48.600
Wonderful, wonderful time in our history

1378
01:01:48.600 --> 01:01:50.610
for protecting our oceans.

1379
01:01:50.610 --> 01:01:52.890
So thank you again for joining us.

1380
01:01:52.890 --> 01:01:54.596
Mahalo, all the presenters,

1381
01:01:54.596 --> 01:01:57.150
and Kanoe for doing protocol,

1382
01:01:57.150 --> 01:01:58.279
Malia for backup.

1383
01:01:58.279 --> 01:02:02.375
And thank you for your time and for joining us today.

1384
01:02:02.375 --> 01:02:04.792
(indistinct)

1385
01:02:09.374 --> 01:02:11.541
(silence)