WEBVTT Kind: captions Language: en 00:00:00.949 --> 00:00:04.680 - All right. Welcome, everybody. 00:00:04.680 --> 00:00:11.080 We're pleased to have you join us today for the National Marine Sanctuaries webinar series. 00:00:11.080 --> 00:00:16.560 This series is hosted by the NOAA office of National Marine Sanctuaries. 00:00:16.560 --> 00:00:21.780 And we find that it's a great way for us to connect with formal and informal educators 00:00:21.780 --> 00:00:27.840 and other interested parties to provide you with the educational and scientific expertise, 00:00:27.840 --> 00:00:32.520 as well as the resources and training needed to support ocean and climate literacy 00:00:32.520 --> 00:00:37.640 in your classroom or in your facilities with your target audiences. 00:00:38.360 --> 00:00:41.000 So just a little bit about today's webinar. 00:00:41.000 --> 00:00:45.029 All attendees will come in to today's webinar in listen-only mode. 00:00:45.029 --> 00:00:51.020 You are welcome to type in questions into the control panel on the right hand side of your screen. 00:00:51.020 --> 00:00:56.020 This is the same area that you can let us know if you're having any technical difficulties. 00:00:56.020 --> 00:01:01.800 Our team will be monitoring the questions box for the technical issues and questions , 00:01:01.800 --> 00:01:05.900 so that we can provide them to the panelists following the presentation.' 00:01:06.680 --> 00:01:08.840 We will be recording this session, 00:01:08.840 --> 00:01:13.420 and be sending the recording out to all registered participants. 00:01:13.420 --> 00:01:18.200 And it'll be available on our webinar archive page, which we'll share at the end. 00:01:18.800 --> 00:01:23.380 We like to provide this presentation, 00:01:24.380 --> 00:01:25.880 or, sorry, this webinar series, 00:01:25.880 --> 00:01:32.260 to also find a way to connect all of you to our National Marine Sanctuary system. 00:01:32.720 --> 00:01:36.900 So, these are America's underwater treasures or underwater parks 00:01:36.900 --> 00:01:39.700 and we call them National Marine Sanctuaries. 00:01:40.120 --> 00:01:44.360 This is a network of underwater parks around the United States 00:01:44.360 --> 00:01:51.000 that encompass more than 600,000 square miles of ocean and Great Lakes waters. 00:01:51.000 --> 00:01:57.660 From Washington State to the Florida Keys and from Lake Huron to American Samoa. 00:01:57.660 --> 00:02:01.920 So this map, for some of you that are familiar with the sanctuary system, 00:02:01.920 --> 00:02:06.220 The map is new because we have just recently designated 00:02:06.220 --> 00:02:09.160 one of our newest national marine sanctuaries. 00:02:09.160 --> 00:02:14.500 And it's been nearly 20 years since we've had the opportunity to recognized a new area 00:02:14.500 --> 00:02:17.820 as having specials and national significance. 00:02:18.160 --> 00:02:24.040 So now, Mallows Bay-Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary is featured as a blue dot 00:02:24.040 --> 00:02:25.680 on this system map. 00:02:25.680 --> 00:02:30.880 And then we have an additional site, Lake Ontario, that is being considered for designation. 00:02:31.840 --> 00:02:38.340 So this the system, this network, consists of 14 national marine sanctuaries 00:02:38.340 --> 00:02:40.760 and two marine national monuments. 00:02:41.400 --> 00:02:46.040 The triangles are the monuments. So we've got one in the northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 00:02:46.040 --> 00:02:49.580 the Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument. 00:02:49.580 --> 00:02:54.780 And then Rose Atoll Monument is part of our larger American Samoa sanctuary. 00:02:55.720 --> 00:02:56.840 But it's important to note 00:02:56.840 --> 00:03:00.920 that National Marine Sanctuaries help protect the ocean and Great Lakes. 00:03:01.660 --> 00:03:05.580 So we actually have what is called the National Marine Sanctuaries Act. 00:03:05.580 --> 00:03:07.420 that is an act of Congress. 00:03:07.420 --> 00:03:13.100 And these areas, these special areas, have been set aside for national significance 00:03:13.100 --> 00:03:15.020 for a wide variety of reasons. 00:03:15.020 --> 00:03:17.740 It could be for ecological reasons, 00:03:17.740 --> 00:03:21.700 it could be related to the conservation value of a site, 00:03:21.700 --> 00:03:27.780 or even the historical, cultural or archaeological reason for one of these sites. 00:03:28.320 --> 00:03:34.580 And through our act, we are mandated as trustees of the National Marine Sanctuaries 00:03:34.580 --> 00:03:39.100 to do research and monitoring, education and outreach, 00:03:39.100 --> 00:03:44.140 to have active management, all with the intent of resource protection. 00:03:45.320 --> 00:03:49.400 We actually like to call these National Marine Sanctuaries living classrooms. 00:03:49.400 --> 00:03:55.840 This is a place where visitors can see, touch, and learn about these special ocean areas. 00:03:57.260 --> 00:03:59.620 So now, we'll go ahead and introduce ourselves. 00:03:59.620 --> 00:04:04.480 My name is Claire Fackler, and i'm the national education liaison 00:04:04.480 --> 00:04:07.780 for NOAA's Office of National marine Sanctuaries. 00:04:07.780 --> 00:04:10.380 I have my colleague here, Hannah McDonald. 00:04:10.380 --> 00:04:13.620 She's an education specialist for the same program. 00:04:13.620 --> 00:04:20.260 So I'll be here in Santa Barbara running the webinar and Hannah, today, will be doing the Q&A 00:04:20.260 --> 00:04:22.400 following today's presentation. 00:04:22.400 --> 00:04:24.480 And we'll be wrapping up today's webinar. 00:04:24.480 --> 00:04:29.560 With that, I would like to introduce our special guest today. 00:04:29.560 --> 00:04:34.820 We have Paul Orlando, which most of us with NOAA affectionately call him Sammy. 00:04:34.820 --> 00:04:38.220 So when you hear Sammy, I'm referring to our presenter, Paul Orlando. 00:04:38.780 --> 00:04:42.920 So, Sammy has been with NOAA since 1983, 00:04:42.920 --> 00:04:47.180 and with the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries since 2002. 00:04:47.800 --> 00:04:53.840 So during his time with sanctuaries, he has served as chief for the Conservation Science Division, 00:04:53.840 --> 00:04:57.360 as well as chief of staff for strategic planning. 00:04:57.840 --> 00:05:02.020 So this work has enabled him to be a part of programs and to engage with communities 00:05:02.020 --> 00:05:04.220 throughout the entire sanctuary system. 00:05:04.660 --> 00:05:06.680 However, for the past six years, 00:05:06.680 --> 00:05:10.980 Sammy's been co-located with the NOAA's Chesapeake Bay office 00:05:10.980 --> 00:05:13.400 found in Annapolis, Maryland, 00:05:13.400 --> 00:05:18.860 where he's taken the knowledge gained to serve as NOAA's liaison to community partners 00:05:18.860 --> 00:05:26.040 in support of the designation of the Mallows Bay-Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary. 00:05:26.040 --> 00:05:32.460 So, with that, I'm going to hand the controls over to you Sammy, and let you take it away. 00:05:51.800 --> 00:05:54.220 - Okay. We okay here, Claire? 00:05:54.220 --> 00:05:54.940 - [Claire] Yeah! 00:05:54.940 --> 00:05:55.920 - Wonderful, wonderful. 00:05:55.920 --> 00:05:57.900 Well thank you so much. Thank you, Hannah. 00:05:57.900 --> 00:06:01.800 And thanks to all of you for taking time out of your day to be with us. 00:06:01.800 --> 00:06:07.520 I know some of you have a dinner plate, yeah, and some you know taken into your lunch right now. 00:06:07.520 --> 00:06:08.680 Or even on your drive home. 00:06:08.680 --> 00:06:11.480 But, you know, all the same. Thanks for making time. 00:06:11.480 --> 00:06:16.760 We have a we have an exciting story, a happy story, that we're looking to share with you, today. 00:06:16.760 --> 00:06:22.500 I stand here, of course, representing NOAA and the Office of National Marine Sanctuaries. 00:06:22.500 --> 00:06:27.140 But, I also stand here on behalf of some incredible government partners 00:06:27.140 --> 00:06:30.600 with the state of Maryland, in particular, the Maryland Historical Trust 00:06:30.940 --> 00:06:33.180 and the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, 00:06:33.180 --> 00:06:36.540 as well as Charles County government, in Maryland. 00:06:36.540 --> 00:06:39.840 These three entities are the joint managers, 00:06:39.840 --> 00:06:43.500 the co-managers of our newest National Marine Sanctuary. 00:06:43.860 --> 00:06:50.180 I also stand here on behalf of, literally, dozens of community champions 00:06:50.180 --> 00:06:55.780 who have had the vision for what this could be in terms of benefits, community, and resource. 00:06:55.780 --> 00:07:01.120 And not only had that vision, but they've been the engine to make this happen. 00:07:01.120 --> 00:07:05.280 So, thank you to all of them. We'll certainly talk about that, along the way. 00:07:08.920 --> 00:07:10.300 Okay 00:07:12.660 --> 00:07:15.300 Claire? There we go. Okay. 00:07:15.300 --> 00:07:17.300 All right. sometimes Sammy-- 00:07:18.120 --> 00:07:21.800 Yeah. Sometimes Sammy and technology aren't always one of the same. 00:07:22.200 --> 00:07:25.560 So this is beautiful, lovely, Mallows Bay Park 00:07:25.560 --> 00:07:29.520 along the tidal Potomac in Charles County, Maryland. 00:07:29.520 --> 00:07:33.720 At the top of your screen is Quantico Marine Base. 00:07:33.720 --> 00:07:38.020 And just to the top, far right of your screen would be Washington, DC, 00:07:38.020 --> 00:07:40.440 about 30 miles upstream from this location. 00:07:40.840 --> 00:07:45.740 This is the gateway to the newest sanctuary. This is where most people will enter the sanctuary. 00:07:45.740 --> 00:07:49.540 This picture was taken on November 9th, just a couple of weeks ago 00:07:49.540 --> 00:07:53.560 And it was the celebration of government partners and community champions 00:07:53.560 --> 00:07:58.440 and congressional delegations and staff, that have come together over the last five years 00:07:58.440 --> 00:08:00.800 to help make this happen. 00:08:00.800 --> 00:08:05.560 So, the sanctuary designation was official on September 3rd of this year. 00:08:05.560 --> 00:08:10.180 So roughly two months later, a couple of weeks ago, we had this celebration event. 00:08:11.340 --> 00:08:14.700 I'm going to tell you something about the special nature of this place. 00:08:14.700 --> 00:08:19.120 The history, the heritage of what makes it nationally significant. 00:08:19.120 --> 00:08:23.580 I'm also going to tell you something about the process, the five-year process 00:08:23.580 --> 00:08:28.140 that we have undergone together, as a group. to help make this happen. 00:08:28.140 --> 00:08:32.200 And I'm going to tell you something about the programming, the community-based programming. 00:08:32.200 --> 00:08:36.880 That's to a large degree the government partners and the community have organized, 00:08:36.880 --> 00:08:41.280 they have facilitated and helped to make happen. 00:08:41.280 --> 00:08:43.380 And so, you're going to learn a lot of things. 00:08:43.380 --> 00:08:46.680 Each of these things could be a briefing on to themselves. 00:08:47.020 --> 00:08:50.440 But, you'll come away with a little bit of a knowledge on a lot of subjects. 00:08:50.440 --> 00:08:56.080 But, I promise you this. That the number one way for you to really learn 00:08:56.080 --> 00:08:59.700 about the special nature of this place , and form your own connection, 00:08:59.700 --> 00:09:02.780 is to get out into your sanctuary. 00:09:02.780 --> 00:09:06.420 This is true anywhere around the country and it's no different, right here. 00:09:06.420 --> 00:09:12.940 The pace that's allowed by the kayaks is absolutely the best way to capture the spirit 00:09:12.940 --> 00:09:14.100 of this wonderful area. 00:09:15.660 --> 00:09:19.800 So in terms of geography, again, you take a look at the inset out there to your right. 00:09:19.800 --> 00:09:23.480 We're literally or 30 miles downstream from Washington DC. 00:09:23.480 --> 00:09:25.560 To the right is the state of Maryland. 00:09:25.560 --> 00:09:27.940 To the left of the rivers, the state of Virginia. 00:09:27.940 --> 00:09:32.020 The waters, themselves, are primarily under the authority of the state of Maryland. 00:09:32.020 --> 00:09:35.260 The red box that you see is 18 square miles. 00:09:35.260 --> 00:09:38.920 It is the Mallow's Bay-Potomac River National Marine Sanctuary. 00:09:38.920 --> 00:09:43.780 it is an 18 square miles, the second smallest sanctuary in our system. 00:09:45.700 --> 00:09:48.760 I give you this aerial shot, this remotely-sensed shot. 00:09:48.760 --> 00:09:51.520 At the top of your screen is Washington, DC. 00:09:51.520 --> 00:09:54.520 Again, kind of showing the proximity to our nation's capital. 00:09:54.520 --> 00:09:59.440 And, of course, to no other Department of Commerce and lots of other federal agencies. 00:09:59.440 --> 00:10:02.220 Just below that is Alexandria, Virginia 00:10:02.220 --> 00:10:06.140 and that will become important later on the story of Mallows Bay. 00:10:06.740 --> 00:10:12.760 The red dot that you see there is the gateway. It's the boat ramp at Mallows Bay Park 00:10:12.760 --> 00:10:15.060 into the end of the sanctuary. 00:10:15.060 --> 00:10:21.360 But all this is green. Everything that you see to the east of Mallows Bay Park is in fact forested . 00:10:21.360 --> 00:10:26.420 And so the rural nature, and the history and heritage of this area kind of collide 00:10:26.420 --> 00:10:28.980 and come through the gates there at Mallows Bay. 00:10:29.660 --> 00:10:34.260 From an aerial shot, again, looking up River on the tidal Potomac. 00:10:34.260 --> 00:10:36.820 Washington, DC would be at the top of the screen. 00:10:36.820 --> 00:10:41.280 This is the rural part of Charles County that you're seeing from this drone image. 00:10:41.280 --> 00:10:43.640 I'll point out a couple of things to you on this map. 00:10:43.640 --> 00:10:49.860 One of which is that you can actually see the remains of many of the World War 1 era ghost fleet wrecks. 00:10:49.860 --> 00:10:51.880 The wooden wrecks that are out there. 00:10:51.880 --> 00:10:54.440 You can see this flying International Airport. 00:10:54.440 --> 00:11:01.600 You can see it with drone imagery. You can even see it from vistas among small bluffs. 00:11:01.600 --> 00:11:03.260 Right there, Mallows Bay Park. 00:11:03.260 --> 00:11:08.200 So makes these resources just about as accessible to just about anyone 00:11:08.200 --> 00:11:12.740 among all the ones that we have across the National Marine Sanctuary system. 00:11:12.740 --> 00:11:16.880 I'll also draw your attention to what appears to be shoreline where I'm waving my pointer 00:11:16.880 --> 00:11:20.520 over here. But these are World War one era wrecks. 00:11:20.520 --> 00:11:27.060 They are now being transformed by Nature and they are their own little islands. 00:11:27.060 --> 00:11:31.680 Their own little ecosystems. But they have an important role to play, as do all the wrecks 00:11:31.680 --> 00:11:33.400 whether the submerged or emergent 00:11:33.400 --> 00:11:39.120 in terms of providing the structure that's habitat, to make this one of the most ecologically sensitive 00:11:39.120 --> 00:11:44.720 and important areas in the Potomac River and, perhaps, in parts of the Chesapeake Bay. 00:11:45.440 --> 00:11:48.340 You get down a little closer and this is what you see. 00:11:48.340 --> 00:11:53.140 This is still a drone image, but you can begin to see the architecture the outline of these vessels 00:11:53.140 --> 00:11:56.020 almost 300 feet in length, 40 feet on a beam. 00:11:56.020 --> 00:12:02.260 And you can see how nature really is transforming part of the ches-- of the Potomac River. 00:12:03.060 --> 00:12:06.960 If you're into the architecture, this is part of what this does. 00:12:06.960 --> 00:12:11.580 A kayak allows you to get up close and personal to really float alongside 00:12:11.580 --> 00:12:14.200 of almost a hundred of these wrecks. 00:12:14.200 --> 00:12:16.980 We encourage people to come out here at low tide. 00:12:16.980 --> 00:12:22.000 There's about a two and a half foot tidal range on a daily basis, 00:12:22.000 --> 00:12:26.200 but winds and water levels and other things do tend to affect that. 00:12:26.200 --> 00:12:29.840 But at low tide you can really begin to see the emergence of the ghost fleet 00:12:29.840 --> 00:12:34.000 and get up close to the architecture of these vessels. 00:12:34.800 --> 00:12:37.200 This picture was also taken on November 9th. 00:12:37.200 --> 00:12:44.360 Again giving you the the scaler of a kayaker against the 300-foot ghost fleet remains. 00:12:44.360 --> 00:12:50.100 Again, this is the best way to experience and kind of feel the spirit 00:12:50.100 --> 00:12:53.400 and the history and mystery of this entire area. 00:12:55.100 --> 00:12:58.360 When you get down closer, you see a lot of the long shoreline, 00:12:58.360 --> 00:13:02.020 you can see how the structure is being transformed into wetland areas. 00:13:02.480 --> 00:13:06.740 You can see why this would be important habitat both above and below the water. 00:13:06.740 --> 00:13:10.020 We've seen a lot of the trees a lot of the vegetation that grows. 00:13:10.020 --> 00:13:14.520 But clearly one of the other important aspects of the ghost fleet 00:13:14.520 --> 00:13:19.200 is the structure that provides for seagrass trapping sediments allowing seagrass to grow. 00:13:19.200 --> 00:13:21.060 These become important nursery areas. 00:13:21.060 --> 00:13:26.920 This is kind of trophy bass tournament locations because of the structure of the wrecks 00:13:26.920 --> 00:13:30.080 that are out there. Both on the large mouth point of view, on the left. 00:13:30.080 --> 00:13:35.900 as well as, this is an area, one of the two most important areas in the Chesapeake Bay 00:13:35.900 --> 00:13:38.860 for striped bass, locally known as rockfish. 00:13:38.860 --> 00:13:43.200 The other important areas off is on the Eastern Shore, along the Choptank. 00:13:43.200 --> 00:13:48.040 But primary nursery grounds for the prize striped bass, in this area. 00:13:48.040 --> 00:13:50.040 And then also, you see the birds. 00:13:50.040 --> 00:13:52.400 This is these are definitely fan favorites. 00:13:52.400 --> 00:13:54.440 When people are out there, they never disappoint. 00:13:54.440 --> 00:13:58.660 The Eagles roost on top of the the wrecks themselves. 00:13:58.660 --> 00:14:01.880 Osprey build nests and generations have come back. 00:14:02.860 --> 00:14:06.100 And then the Blue Heron. They're kind of sign of spring. 00:14:06.100 --> 00:14:12.600 I kind of nicknamed the lovebirds. They come back right around Valentine's Day every year. 00:14:12.600 --> 00:14:18.100 But the nature that thrives because of these wrecks can't be underestimated. 00:14:18.960 --> 00:14:21.160 So that's what you see when you're out there. 00:14:21.160 --> 00:14:25.240 And what always is a question for people is, why? 00:14:25.240 --> 00:14:29.040 You know, how do they get here? Why does it look like this at this stage? 00:14:29.040 --> 00:14:32.260 And, you know, the story goes back, you know, to World War one. 00:14:32.260 --> 00:14:39.200 And in the early part of the war to end all wars the German subs were basically torpedoing 00:14:39.200 --> 00:14:43.580 and sinking a lot of the Allied vessels on that side of the ocean. 00:14:43.580 --> 00:14:48.040 We were drawn into the war in 1917 and at the request of the Allies. 00:14:48.040 --> 00:14:50.320 The biggest thing they wanted from us were boats. 00:14:50.320 --> 00:14:52.220 Boats, boats, and more boats. 00:14:52.220 --> 00:14:58.180 And as a country that wasn't necessarily shipbuilding nation, that was tough to do. 00:14:58.180 --> 00:15:01.400 But basically the Emergency Fleet Corporation was formed. 00:15:01.400 --> 00:15:07.400 And they set out to build, what Woodrow Wilson president at the time declared would be, 00:15:07.400 --> 00:15:10.600 1,000 of these vessels in 18 months. 00:15:11.220 --> 00:15:14.280 Again, that's some mammoth undertaking at any time. 00:15:14.280 --> 00:15:18.620 But particularly at a point in time where you are not necessarily a shipbuilding nation. 00:15:19.400 --> 00:15:22.580 This did become a national priority, a nationwide priority, 00:15:22.580 --> 00:15:27.040 and more than 50 shipyards where either spun up or greatly expanded. 00:15:27.040 --> 00:15:29.660 and they exist all over the country. 00:15:29.660 --> 00:15:35.280 And these shipyards were in fact building of these ships. 00:15:35.280 --> 00:15:40.100 We have communities around the program, around the country, 00:15:40.100 --> 00:15:43.380 that consider themselves constituents of the new sanctuary 00:15:43.380 --> 00:15:48.460 because they finally remember and actually celebrate a lot of these shipyards 00:15:48.460 --> 00:15:52.080 and their role in helping to design and build these. 00:15:52.080 --> 00:15:55.100 A lot of the ships came out of the West Coast. 00:15:55.100 --> 00:15:59.380 Most of them in Mallows Bay came from Oregon and Washington. 00:15:59.380 --> 00:16:02.980 As did the very first one in North Bend came from Oregon. 00:16:04.620 --> 00:16:11.560 So as a major national priority, this was a major jobs program and the community development. 00:16:11.560 --> 00:16:17.500 So not only did you spring up the the shipyards, but you needed all the industry that supported these. 00:16:17.500 --> 00:16:20.220 You need the lumber mills, you need the smelting operations. 00:16:20.220 --> 00:16:23.820 And when you bring in all these people to work like this, 00:16:23.820 --> 00:16:28.220 you also start and expand the social experiment about community development 00:16:28.220 --> 00:16:28.940 that's needed. 00:16:28.940 --> 00:16:30.900 They need grocery stores, they need churches, 00:16:30.900 --> 00:16:37.240 they need all the things that a typical, you know, family and household would need in these areas. 00:16:37.240 --> 00:16:41.940 So. you really see a transformation of a lot of the coastal areas, in particular 00:16:41.940 --> 00:16:45.180 associated with the building of these ships. 00:16:45.680 --> 00:16:47.920 So the war ends about two years later. 00:16:47.920 --> 00:16:52.980 We didn't quite get to a thousand, but I think we can all agree that the war ending early is a good thing. 00:16:52.980 --> 00:16:56.100 About a little less than 300 of these were built. 00:16:56.100 --> 00:16:59.420 And they all have their own unique stories. 00:16:59.420 --> 00:17:04.040 The one at the bottom was built in 17 days. that's the SS Aberdeen. 00:17:04.040 --> 00:17:09.720 Built in 17 days. And try doing that under under federal contract at any point in time. 00:17:09.720 --> 00:17:12.800 Innovations were coming online at this point in time. 00:17:12.800 --> 00:17:20.240 Again, with submarine warfare, the idea was to paint what's called "razzle-dazzle" on the on the vessels 00:17:20.300 --> 00:17:24.100 to try to confuse the direction and the speed of a lot of these vessels. 00:17:24.100 --> 00:17:30.040 And a lot of that painting and was tried out as part of the building of these World War One era vessels. 00:17:30.040 --> 00:17:36.700 Perhaps one of the biggest accomplishments of the country is on July 4th in 1918, 00:17:36.700 --> 00:17:43.700 before the war ended, we launched a 95 of these vessels at different places around the country 00:17:43.700 --> 00:17:45.180 all on the same day. 00:17:45.180 --> 00:17:49.160 Again, quite the undertaking and more to the story, in the back story, 00:17:49.160 --> 00:17:52.660 the more you know about this, the more impressive and important it actually becomes. 00:17:53.640 --> 00:17:58.140 So along with building all these ships, you actually need people who are going to be the builders, 00:17:58.140 --> 00:18:01.820 the operators, the maintenance crew, and the like. 00:18:01.820 --> 00:18:08.360 Rightfully so, the Merchant Marines have a lot of notoriety in World War two 00:18:08.360 --> 00:18:16.060 for their service and for the fact that so many of them perished in the line of duty to the country. 00:18:16.060 --> 00:18:19.340 We've always had merchant mariners in this country, 00:18:19.340 --> 00:18:21.180 but under World War One, 00:18:21.180 --> 00:18:25.100 when you're rapidly expanding the building and operations of these ships, 00:18:25.100 --> 00:18:29.740 you need to have a mechanism in place for some type of consistency. 00:18:29.740 --> 00:18:34.180 And so, maybe the formalizing and the rapid expansion the Merchant Marines 00:18:34.180 --> 00:18:38.080 kind of came into the room as part of World War One. 00:18:39.180 --> 00:18:44.700 So the war ends, and these ships are built, or at least a certain number of these ships are built 00:18:44.700 --> 00:18:48.600 And at some point in time, and I'm skipping over part of the story, but at some point in time, 00:18:48.600 --> 00:18:53.420 the federal government wants to try to recoup some of the money that were spent on these vessels, 00:18:53.420 --> 00:18:58.180 so they've sent it out to bid. It was picked up by Western Marine and Salvage, 00:18:58.180 --> 00:19:02.660 which was located in Alexandria, Virginia, which is why I pointed it out to you. 00:19:02.660 --> 00:19:08.320 and Western Marine and Salvage brought gathered the boats from different places around the country 00:19:08.320 --> 00:19:11.900 and brought them into Widewater, Virginia, and then in the Mallows Bay 00:19:11.900 --> 00:19:14.920 for the purpose of starting the ship breaking operation. 00:19:14.920 --> 00:19:19.720 So this is what they look like, roughly in 1925, tied up in Mallows Bay. 00:19:20.780 --> 00:19:27.080 From there, Western Marine and Salvage was the first of three different ship breaking operations. 00:19:27.080 --> 00:19:31.400 Theirs lasted for just a short period of time in the 1920s, 00:19:31.400 --> 00:19:33.660 and then during the 1930s, 00:19:33.660 --> 00:19:38.300 the local community on both the Virginia side, but especially on the Charles County side 00:19:38.300 --> 00:19:43.180 participate in what we affectionately call the wildcatting period. 00:19:43.180 --> 00:19:44.600 This is the depression. 00:19:44.600 --> 00:19:49.620 So the local communities gain rights to go out and be able to salvage and sell 00:19:49.620 --> 00:19:52.320 a lot of these a lot of these metals. 00:19:52.320 --> 00:19:54.760 And from what we understand, during the Depression era, 00:19:54.800 --> 00:19:59.780 this represented about 15% of the per capita income for Charles County residents 00:19:59.780 --> 00:20:01.440 during that point in time. 00:20:01.720 --> 00:20:05.460 During the third ship raking operation in the early 1940s, 00:20:05.460 --> 00:20:09.100 the now-defunct Bethlem Steel, in Baltimore, Maryland, came in 00:20:09.100 --> 00:20:12.280 and tried to salvage what remained of these. 00:20:12.280 --> 00:20:14.880 But again, that lasted a short period of time. 00:20:14.880 --> 00:20:19.080 So, three different ship breaking operations, after these ships were built, 00:20:19.080 --> 00:20:23.460 kind of led to the burning of these things in the waterline-- to the waterline 00:20:23.460 --> 00:20:28.840 and then positioning them exactly bow to stern in Mallows Bay, 00:20:28.840 --> 00:20:31.940 kind of the way you see in the diagram there, to the right. 00:20:31.940 --> 00:20:34.020 So what you see when you're paddling now 00:20:34.020 --> 00:20:36.900 is kind of the remnants of the three different ship breaking periods 00:20:36.900 --> 00:20:42.520 and about seven 70 or 80 years of mother nature working on that since the ship breaking periods. 00:20:44.340 --> 00:20:47.280 So the ghost fleet gets all the attention. that gets the notoriety. 00:20:47.280 --> 00:20:49.600 It's what people want to come out and see when they paddle. 00:20:49.600 --> 00:20:54.180 But welcome to the most photographed vessel in Mallows Bay. 00:20:54.180 --> 00:20:56.600 And it has actually nothing to do with World War One 00:20:56.600 --> 00:20:59.220 and nothing to do with the ghost fleet. 00:20:59.220 --> 00:21:08.220 This is the Accomack. This was a former navy vessel. It turned into a car passenger ferry boat. 00:21:08.220 --> 00:21:11.600 It was the last of the car ferries that went across the Chesapeake Bay 00:21:11.600 --> 00:21:13.420 and then was put out of commission. 00:21:13.420 --> 00:21:18.760 And then one day, magically, in about 1972 or 73, under the cloak of darkness, 00:21:18.760 --> 00:21:22.420 somebody snuck this in the Mallows Bay in there it sits. 00:21:22.420 --> 00:21:26.200 So people are fascinated by it. 00:21:26.200 --> 00:21:30.620 One of the two things that we say about it is that it really provides a scaler. 00:21:30.620 --> 00:21:32.200 It's really above water. 00:21:32.200 --> 00:21:36.200 You can this it's about 280 feet long to 290 feet long. 00:21:36.200 --> 00:21:41.860 So it's roughly the same size as all the vessels that are sitting, the wooden vessels, in Mallows Bay. 00:21:41.860 --> 00:21:47.660 The other thing it does for us, it reminds us that when we talk about this being a sanctuary 00:21:47.660 --> 00:21:51.080 that's about history, cultural, and maritime heritage, 00:21:51.080 --> 00:21:53.960 that there are things beyond the ghost fleet. 00:21:53.960 --> 00:22:00.440 And the ferryboat lines, in particular, were the mode of transport, up and down the Potomac River, 00:22:00.440 --> 00:22:04.160 and throughout the Chesapeake Bay throughout the 1800s. 00:22:04.160 --> 00:22:09.980 and we have remnants of the ferry boat docks and structures and other pieces 00:22:09.980 --> 00:22:15.180 embedded along the shoreline and out in the waters of the sanctuary. 00:22:15.180 --> 00:22:18.440 And, of course, we're helping to interpret a lot of that. 00:22:19.780 --> 00:22:20.680 So also, 00:22:20.680 --> 00:22:22.620 getting beyond the ghost fleet, 00:22:22.620 --> 00:22:28.900 we know and have learned quite a bit about what we call the maritime cultural landscape of the area. 00:22:28.900 --> 00:22:31.340 This area is in fact a time capsule. 00:22:31.340 --> 00:22:37.120 As a time capsule of history that goes back 12,000 years to Native American tribes, 00:22:37.120 --> 00:22:40.060 to state recognized tribes in Maryland, one in Virginia, 00:22:40.060 --> 00:22:42.340 that claimed this as their ancestral lands. 00:22:42.340 --> 00:22:49.300 DoD there are four different DoD, primarily navy facilities, along this part of the Potomac River. 00:22:49.300 --> 00:22:52.040 They have been there for about a hundred and sixty years, 00:22:52.040 --> 00:22:57.060 and the way they've interacted and interfaced with the resources and the people in communities 00:22:57.060 --> 00:23:04.060 of this area is equally valuable in terms of capturing that, interpreting that, and of course working with them 00:23:04.060 --> 00:23:05.440 to help tell that story. 00:23:05.440 --> 00:23:07.800 And then of course the commercial Waterman. 00:23:07.800 --> 00:23:12.960 This was the place to be throughout the 1800s and even into the early 1900's. 00:23:12.960 --> 00:23:16.680 The commercial fisheries in the Potomac River was absolutely booming. 00:23:16.680 --> 00:23:19.540 We even have sturgeon or had sturgeon. 00:23:19.540 --> 00:23:25.412 We have the remains of lost caviar processing plant along the banks of Mallows Bay. 00:23:25.740 --> 00:23:32.720 So this broader maritime landscape is part of what we intend to help inform people about 00:23:32.720 --> 00:23:39.820 and help interpret and help, of course, conserve and preserve a lot of these a lot of these features and assets. 00:23:40.920 --> 00:23:45.960 So when NOAA opened up the new process to designate, or at least to nominate, 00:23:45.960 --> 00:23:49.140 new National Marine Sanctuaries, they turn to communities 00:23:49.140 --> 00:23:56.480 and said if you have a natural environment or a history and heritage site of national significance 00:23:56.480 --> 00:23:59.940 that you want us to consider, here's the process you need to follow. 00:23:59.940 --> 00:24:04.340 The Chesapeake community was ready and in 2014 they submitted the nomination, 00:24:04.340 --> 00:24:08.660 which turned out to be the very first successful of the nominations. 00:24:08.660 --> 00:24:12.840 And they jump-started the process toward designation that would take five years. 00:24:12.840 --> 00:24:15.740 The community gave us an 18 square mile boundary. 00:24:15.740 --> 00:24:21.080 They did so because this area, the ghost fleet and the related maritime heritage assets, 00:24:21.080 --> 00:24:23.420 are on the National Register of Historic Places. 00:24:23.420 --> 00:24:29.040 That's one of the criteria that are used to determine and validate national significance. 00:24:29.040 --> 00:24:34.540 A couple of years later, the National Trust for Historic Preservation named Mallows Bay 00:24:34.540 --> 00:24:36.900 and this area a national treasure. 00:24:36.900 --> 00:24:42.460 This is the first and, to my knowledge, the only portion of a National Marine Sanctuary 00:24:42.460 --> 00:24:44.940 to receive that validation. 00:24:46.480 --> 00:24:47.300 So what do they want? 00:24:47.400 --> 00:24:48.900 Well, they wanted co-management. 00:24:48.900 --> 00:24:53.560 They wanted NOAA and the state water so they wanted the state of Maryland and Charles County 00:24:53.560 --> 00:24:55.960 to be joint managers in the sanctuary. 00:24:55.960 --> 00:24:59.140 They wanted it focused on maritime and cultural heritage, 00:24:59.140 --> 00:25:02.280 much of which I just highlighted for you, 00:25:02.280 --> 00:25:03.920 as the primary purpose. 00:25:03.920 --> 00:25:10.540 But then the secondary purpose is also to promote recreation tourism and economic development. 00:25:10.540 --> 00:25:15.640 What they did not want is they did not want this to be a natural resource site. 00:25:15.640 --> 00:25:20.240 And in fact, to this day, and all throughout the designation process, 00:25:20.240 --> 00:25:24.500 all natural resource management remains with the state of Maryland, 00:25:24.500 --> 00:25:26.940 it remains with the Potomac group of Fisheries Commission, 00:25:26.940 --> 00:25:30.600 and it is not part of the sanctuary resource under designation. 00:25:30.600 --> 00:25:35.140 So they asked for an awful lot, but they were also narrow and what they asked for. 00:25:35.660 --> 00:25:41.440 And they also, a lot of them, had kind of this knowledge of other sanctuaries around the program 00:25:41.440 --> 00:25:45.120 including the last one to be designated almost 20 years ago, 00:25:45.120 --> 00:25:48.780 which is Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary in Lake Huron. 00:25:48.780 --> 00:25:56.460 That is and has been the model home. It's been the vision for this Chesapeake community since day one 00:25:56.460 --> 00:26:01.540 and Jeff Gray, on the far right, was kind enough to not only support this effort all along, 00:26:01.540 --> 00:26:06.640 but to host a number of folks up there so they could see firsthand and talk to the community. 00:26:06.640 --> 00:26:11.500 In my mind, this community and the sanctuary are totally inseparable, 00:26:11.500 --> 00:26:14.660 And that, to me, is the vision for this area along the Potomac. 00:26:15.640 --> 00:26:21.960 So jumping ahead and skipping over an awful lot of public process, 00:26:21.960 --> 00:26:26.320 which there's an extensive amount of public process to designate a sanctuary. 00:26:26.320 --> 00:26:31.600 if you're Jerry Seinfeld fan, you know yada yada over certain certain details 00:26:31.600 --> 00:26:34.820 and some yada yada-ing over a lot of the federal process 00:26:34.820 --> 00:26:38.540 to get to the end point of the dedication on September 3rd. 00:26:38.540 --> 00:26:42.260 And what that does that in and getting that end point, 00:26:42.260 --> 00:26:44.600 it says that we've completed the federal process. 00:26:44.600 --> 00:26:51.320 And part of that federal process includes an awful lot of consultation with all kinds of community groups, 00:26:51.320 --> 00:26:56.700 all kinds of federal partners, all types of constituents that have a stake in the waters of the resources 00:26:56.700 --> 00:26:57.620 out there. 00:26:57.620 --> 00:27:01.360 And it involves at least two different public processes 00:27:01.360 --> 00:27:04.300 and public scoping and comment periods along the way. 00:27:04.300 --> 00:27:12.320 What I found extremely exciting and energetic about the local community 00:27:12.320 --> 00:27:17.560 associated with the Mallows Potomac effort, as they didn't do just the minimum. 00:27:17.560 --> 00:27:19.800 They recognized kind of that federal process, 00:27:19.800 --> 00:27:23.100 what needed to be done in terms of working with local communities, 00:27:23.100 --> 00:27:26.140 and getting this through the federal process. 00:27:26.140 --> 00:27:30.560 But they became super proactive right from day one. 00:27:30.560 --> 00:27:36.940 And from day one there has been just a ginormous amount of media. Local media 00:27:36.940 --> 00:27:43.380 national media, international media, that I think the good folks in Charles County would say 00:27:43.380 --> 00:27:47.280 help to put Charles County on quite a bigger stage. 00:27:47.280 --> 00:27:51.820 Bringing in this national brand put them and in this bigger spotlight. 00:27:51.820 --> 00:27:59.540 But just about every imaginable kind of television program and science program, 00:27:59.540 --> 00:28:03.720 news program, tourist programs, have been out to Mallows Bay 00:28:03.720 --> 00:28:05.355 over the last four or five years. 00:28:05.355 --> 00:28:07.520 And we've done some tremendous coverage. 00:28:07.520 --> 00:28:11.840 And, by the way, getting coverage in the local media in the Washington DC area 00:28:11.840 --> 00:28:15.440 shines a spotlight on what we call National Marine Sanctuaries, 00:28:15.440 --> 00:28:18.680 whether they're here or anywhere in the in the system. 00:28:18.680 --> 00:28:22.940 So it's a good thing to have these reminders so close to home. 00:28:22.940 --> 00:28:28.800 They also set out right away on this whole idea of expanding recreation tourism. 00:28:28.800 --> 00:28:35.760 There is a local outfitter, Atlantic Kayak, which is been a tremendous partner 00:28:35.760 --> 00:28:37.180 in getting people out on the water. 00:28:37.180 --> 00:28:42.260 There's a new concession now that has been spun up by the county, working with Atlantic Kayak, 00:28:42.260 --> 00:28:46.460 to offer guided tours on Saturdays and Sundays at Mallows Bay Park. 00:28:46.460 --> 00:28:51.100 And that's the big thing: trying to promote these local business opportunities. 00:28:51.100 --> 00:28:56.280 The owner of Atlantic Kayak, kim DeMarr, told us this year that they were so busy, 00:28:56.280 --> 00:29:01.720 she actually had to stop she had to start saying no, Sammy, no more paddle trips out here, 00:29:01.720 --> 00:29:03.580 I'm booked. I'm booked solid. 00:29:03.580 --> 00:29:07.580 And that's I think a good thing. That's what we what we want to see happening out here 00:29:07.580 --> 00:29:12.420 in terms of local business. And you can see some of the local marketing that's starting to happen 00:29:12.420 --> 00:29:16.300 at the Charles county level and building that up and using same best practices 00:29:16.300 --> 00:29:20.840 that occur at the maryland, of the state of maryland level, for branding purposes. 00:29:21.420 --> 00:29:28.340 As such, you're starting to see REI, the particular, runs a lot of trips down to Mallows Bay. 00:29:28.340 --> 00:29:32.140 Big groups of people that come out of Baltimore, Annapolis and the DC area. 00:29:32.140 --> 00:29:36.980 They come down here they run a river Pallooza event. Multiple sites up and down the Potomac River, 00:29:36.980 --> 00:29:41.020 which includes Mallows Bay and the ghost fleet every single summer. 00:29:41.020 --> 00:29:45.720 So a lot of commercial enterprise that is starting to find their way out here. 00:29:46.260 --> 00:29:50.660 And because we're starting to see this kind of uptick, 00:29:50.660 --> 00:29:55.200 one of the things that we wanted to do is we wanted to provide some additional 00:29:55.200 --> 00:29:57.700 information about weather and water conditions. 00:29:57.700 --> 00:30:02.540 National Marine Sanctuary foundation, work with the state of Maryland, particular Maryland DNR, 00:30:02.540 --> 00:30:09.300 to buy and to place a buoy out in the Potomac River just adjacent to Mallows Bay. 00:30:09.300 --> 00:30:13.760 Real-time weather and water information for commercial and recreational interests. 00:30:13.760 --> 00:30:17.280 And, of course, there's a scientific and a educational element 00:30:17.280 --> 00:30:19.620 to it that we're already starting to take advantage of. 00:30:20.660 --> 00:30:22.940 In the same way, you're getting people out there, 00:30:22.940 --> 00:30:27.500 and if they don't if they aren't lucky enough to go with Kim and Atlantic kayaker with REI, 00:30:27.500 --> 00:30:31.300 we've now provided, we being the partners, 00:30:31.300 --> 00:30:34.700 have provided a new interpretive water trail through Mallows Bay. 00:30:34.700 --> 00:30:38.220 So some of the more emergent wrecks that are out there 00:30:38.220 --> 00:30:42.740 now have a little buoy that sits outside and you have a laminated water trail map 00:30:42.740 --> 00:30:46.720 that you can take out there with you and know something about, you know, what you're looking at. 00:30:46.720 --> 00:30:50.660 A big deal. And what we're working on now and just about finished, 00:30:50.660 --> 00:30:54.180 again, through partnership,s National Marine Sanctuary foundation, 00:30:54.180 --> 00:30:58.120 Chesapeake Conservancy, and a bunch of others, working on an audio trail guide 00:30:58.120 --> 00:31:04.420 that we can change up until more of the history and heritage stories, right from your iPhone. 00:31:06.080 --> 00:31:08.540 Along with this, like all the other sanctuaries, 00:31:08.540 --> 00:31:13.360 resource management needs good baseline characterization 00:31:13.360 --> 00:31:16.840 and some repetitive modeling-- monitoringvthrough time. 00:31:16.840 --> 00:31:19.100 And the applications and technologies. 00:31:19.100 --> 00:31:27.020 This place has been a magnet for places like Duke Robotics, marine robotics at Duke University 00:31:27.020 --> 00:31:32.340 comes in and gave us some incredible to see centimeter resolution of all the resources, 00:31:32.340 --> 00:31:36.460 natural and heritage, and Mallows Bay. That was supported by Maryland DNR 00:31:36.460 --> 00:31:38.300 and the Maryland Historical Trust. 00:31:38.300 --> 00:31:43.660 But again, incredible coverage that we use now to understand the status 00:31:43.660 --> 00:31:46.760 and, one day, maybe the change associated with how these vessels 00:31:46.760 --> 00:31:50.060 and the associated vegetation interact. 00:31:50.060 --> 00:31:55.180 Along the way, the community got very excited about educational programs. 00:31:55.180 --> 00:31:57.620 They saw this as being essential to what they wanted 00:31:57.620 --> 00:32:03.040 and they put science and education squarely into the nomination 00:32:03.040 --> 00:32:07.420 and promoted different activities throughout the course of the five years. 00:32:07.420 --> 00:32:16.500 We have been working with NOAA's ocean Guardian program, Seabury not far and Naomi out in California 00:32:16.500 --> 00:32:18.920 started up this program. 00:32:18.920 --> 00:32:22.220 We now have two schools in Charles County, 00:32:22.220 --> 00:32:24.780 one of the high school level, one the elementary school level, 00:32:24.780 --> 00:32:30.180 that under that do stewardship activities at their own school that translate into communities. 00:32:30.180 --> 00:32:35.100 We have jumped from there, to working with the National Association of Black Scuba Divers, 00:32:35.100 --> 00:32:41.420 diving with the purpose junior scientists in the sea to work in these high schools 00:32:41.420 --> 00:32:45.780 where we have a high percentage of underserved communities 00:32:45.780 --> 00:32:51.700 that are now working toward getting into the water for the very first time. 00:32:51.700 --> 00:32:55.400 And not that we necessarily expect them to dive and Mallows Bay, 00:32:55.400 --> 00:33:00.040 but it's a chance to learn about science, about physics, and, quite honestly, about yourself 00:33:00.040 --> 00:33:04.120 and gain some motivation and confidence about getting underwater 00:33:04.120 --> 00:33:05.660 and taking that first breath. 00:33:05.660 --> 00:33:09.360 And we this is one of my favorite programs to be talking about 00:33:09.360 --> 00:33:12.700 of anything that we've been associated with the last five years. 00:33:12.700 --> 00:33:16.160 And I can't thank these guys enough for this Diego and this group. 00:33:16.160 --> 00:33:19.960 But being so close to DC also does this. 00:33:19.960 --> 00:33:23.940 That's Admiral Gallaudet in the middle of the picture. 00:33:26.140 --> 00:33:29.540 He got in the water, actually, was high-fiving students in the diving well. 00:33:29.540 --> 00:33:34.620 But again, for people who don't get a chance to go out to all the National Marine Sanctuaries 00:33:34.620 --> 00:33:38.340 and experience the types of programming whether its science, education 00:33:39.820 --> 00:33:45.880 or any kind of resource protection, getting a half a day and getting them to Mallows Bay 00:33:45.880 --> 00:33:47.680 to do activities just like this, 00:33:47.680 --> 00:33:51.100 I think shines light on all the communities and all the programs 00:33:51.100 --> 00:33:53.900 around the sanctuary system and what we do there. 00:33:55.600 --> 00:34:00.600 As part of what we do with with these students, we again work with partners all over. 00:34:00.600 --> 00:34:04.480 We bring them out to Mallows Bay and we expand the cultural component, 00:34:04.480 --> 00:34:09.600 we expand the environmental literacy, we expand the development and introduction and use 00:34:09.600 --> 00:34:11.020 of new technologies. 00:34:11.020 --> 00:34:16.800 We strongly believe new technologies are critically important as the way forward 00:34:16.800 --> 00:34:20.260 and a lot of what we're doing is actually being built into curriculum 00:34:20.260 --> 00:34:26.840 and jointly adopted. Thank you very much by Charles County of by the Board of Education. 00:34:28.360 --> 00:34:31.780 One of the very first things the community did after the nomination, 00:34:31.780 --> 00:34:33.240 they got the community involved. 00:34:33.240 --> 00:34:36.920 They offered a clean up five years ago. 00:34:36.920 --> 00:34:43.020 This is in sponsorship with the Alex Ferguson foundation, a non-profit, further up the Potomac River. 00:34:43.020 --> 00:34:48.820 They have about 700 cleanup sites in the month of April, up and down the entire length of the Potomac. 00:34:48.820 --> 00:34:53.500 We're told that ours attracts more attention than any of the 700 sites. 00:34:53.500 --> 00:34:57.440 We've had upwards of about 150 volunteers that has come out 00:34:57.440 --> 00:35:02.380 and collected upwards of about 5 tons of trash out of the Potomac River 00:35:02.380 --> 00:35:06.540 needing dump trucks and roll-off dumpsters to take care of it. 00:35:06.540 --> 00:35:11.780 But again, this is the whole idea is that the community didn't want to just do the minimum. 00:35:11.780 --> 00:35:17.720 They believed and what the benefits were they wanted to prove what the management plan 00:35:17.720 --> 00:35:22.100 would be doing when the sanctuary came in, jointly with the state and with the county. 00:35:22.100 --> 00:35:26.360 And I'm very fond of saying it's almost like we've been running the sanctuary 00:35:26.360 --> 00:35:29.120 at the same time that we have been trying to designate it. 00:35:29.120 --> 00:35:35.960 And I really believe strongly that this demonstration by the community of not just their desire 00:35:36.160 --> 00:35:39.440 and their steadfastness and wanting to see this done. 00:35:39.440 --> 00:35:42.780 But, they are actually jumping in and making this happen. 00:35:42.780 --> 00:35:47.280 And I think what you're going to see, going forward, is a lot of what you've seen to this point in time 00:35:47.280 --> 00:35:50.720 And I think everybody agrees: that's pretty wonderful. 00:35:52.160 --> 00:35:55.200 So the other thing that we get to do and I've talked about this a couple of times, 00:35:55.200 --> 00:36:01.260 every sanctuary offers something different and Location Location Location Location Location. 00:36:01.260 --> 00:36:06.220 Downstream 30 miles from Washington, DC and from NOAA Department of Commerce. 00:36:06.220 --> 00:36:12.780 We get incredible opportunities to showcase not just Mallows Bay, but the partnerships. 00:36:12.780 --> 00:36:15.940 And we get to do this with congressionals. 00:36:15.940 --> 00:36:20.720 We get to do this with house Natural Resources, Senate Appropriations Committees, 00:36:20.720 --> 00:36:24.020 these kinds of committees that are important the things that 00:36:24.020 --> 00:36:28.140 happen everywhere throughout the federal government, and, of course, within sanctuaries 00:36:28.140 --> 00:36:30.320 and within NOAA. 00:36:30.320 --> 00:36:36.500 So having the opportunity to get people out here, to tell them about these types of partnerships, 00:36:36.500 --> 00:36:40.900 and, quite honestly, I am thrilled that we get to do this with our partners. 00:36:40.900 --> 00:36:42.900 It's great to have the partners out there. 00:36:42.900 --> 00:36:45.160 They tell most of the stories. 00:36:45.160 --> 00:36:50.100 I just facilitate the the Kayaks on and the opportunity. 00:36:50.100 --> 00:36:55.000 So having all of us speaking as one voice because we've been doing this for five years, 00:36:55.000 --> 00:37:00.040 I think it's pretty powerful and it speaks to the same kinds of things that happen everywhere, 00:37:00.040 --> 00:37:01.680 and national marine sanctuaries. 00:37:03.220 --> 00:37:06.620 So about my last slide, here, is about where I started. 00:37:06.620 --> 00:37:10.820 I can't say "thank you" enough, different ways, to the community champions. 00:37:10.820 --> 00:37:14.220 I know you can't read all of these and I encourage you to go back online, 00:37:14.220 --> 00:37:15.660 you know, when this is over. 00:37:15.660 --> 00:37:20.600 But these groups of people are just absolutely sensational. 00:37:20.600 --> 00:37:24.660 The way that they had a vision, the way they carried forward that vision, 00:37:24.660 --> 00:37:27.320 the way they demonstrated what the sanctuary would be, 00:37:27.320 --> 00:37:31.600 and quite honestly they've all signed on beyond this point in time. 00:37:31.600 --> 00:37:35.240 And that's what makes this so powerful. We're not starting from scratch. 00:37:35.240 --> 00:37:39.640 We're starting from what they developed, the foundations they created for us, 00:37:39.640 --> 00:37:46.360 and, of course, our government partners at the state, the county, our fellow federal agencies 00:37:46.360 --> 00:37:52.760 and our congressional delegations have been absolutely central to this, all along. 00:37:52.760 --> 00:37:55.560 So I'm going to--I believe--stop there 00:37:55.560 --> 00:37:59.320 because always a good way to stop by saying thank you to everybody. 00:37:59.320 --> 00:38:05.320 But I strongly encourage you to come on out and see Mallows Bay, 00:38:05.320 --> 00:38:10.180 come experience this, capture the spirit, form your own connection 00:38:10.180 --> 00:38:13.480 just like you would in anywhere other special places around the country. 00:38:14.440 --> 00:38:15.660 That's it for me, Claire. 00:38:16.420 --> 00:38:21.400 - Awesome, Sammy. Thank you so much for that introduction to our country's newest 00:38:21.400 --> 00:38:23.640 National Marine. 00:38:25.640 --> 00:38:26.680 We appreciate that. 00:38:27.020 --> 00:38:30.700 So, Hannah, go ahead and there's a couple of questions that have come in that-- 00:38:33.280 --> 00:38:34.740 - Right. Thank you, Claire. 00:38:34.740 --> 00:38:38.680 Yeah, so we have gotten a few questions and some great comments 00:38:38.680 --> 00:38:41.940 about how impressive your work has been with Mallows 00:38:41.940 --> 00:38:47.200 and how excited the community is to continue to clean up the waters that they love so much. 00:38:47.200 --> 00:38:51.040 Many thanks go to you too, Sammy. in our question feed. 00:38:51.040 --> 00:38:56.380 The first question that we have is: Do the sunken ships fall apart? 00:38:56.380 --> 00:38:58.860 And do the pieces float to the surface? 00:38:58.860 --> 00:39:00.740 and this is coming from Michelle. 00:39:03.400 --> 00:39:07.760 Well the ships do fall apart. There's no two ways about that. 00:39:07.760 --> 00:39:13.600 They're wooden. They've been subject to the natural environment for a hundred years. 00:39:13.600 --> 00:39:18.980 Even five years ago, there was more of the ships in the water and emerging from the water 00:39:18.980 --> 00:39:19.760 than there are now. 00:39:19.760 --> 00:39:25.040 They will break down, over time, and they will be transformed by nature, over time. 00:39:25.040 --> 00:39:27.020 You do find pieces of them. 00:39:27.020 --> 00:39:29.180 Maybe floating in the water, 00:39:29.180 --> 00:39:33.180 but you do find some of the metal pins and other things laying on the beach. 00:39:33.180 --> 00:39:37.420 After a good wind adventure or water surge event. 00:39:39.860 --> 00:39:40.780 - Great, thank you. 00:39:40.780 --> 00:39:44.800 That is the only real question that we have so far submitted. 00:39:44.800 --> 00:39:49.880 So this can be another reminder that in the side panel of the control panel. 00:39:49.880 --> 00:39:54.260 There is a section called "questions" and you can type them in, there. 00:39:54.260 --> 00:39:58.060 You can also raise your hand in these control panel 00:39:58.060 --> 00:40:02.780 and we can unmute you to have you ask your question vocally to Sammy. 00:40:03.280 --> 00:40:08.080 Going off of what you just said though, I'm curious as to 00:40:08.080 --> 00:40:11.060 if you do have a weather event and something does wash ashore 00:40:11.060 --> 00:40:14.080 what is someone to do with those pieces of a wreck 00:40:14.080 --> 00:40:17.420 that are now within Mallows Bay National Marine Sanctuary? 00:40:19.060 --> 00:40:23.580 - Oh, I sure wish my colleague Susan Langley with Maryland Historical Trust 00:40:23.580 --> 00:40:25.280 was the one answering this question. 00:40:25.280 --> 00:40:29.380 But they really are part of the historic record of the site. 00:40:29.380 --> 00:40:31.960 And one of the things that we do need to do 00:40:31.960 --> 00:40:35.580 is certainly set up kind of that community-- that communication mechanism 00:40:35.580 --> 00:40:39.580 either through NOAA, through the state, through the county, 00:40:39.580 --> 00:40:46.520 to identify that and to, you know, turn it over to the historical trust for the right type of keeping 00:40:47.300 --> 00:40:48.020 for that. 00:40:48.160 --> 00:40:52.500 And not they're not, unfortunately, souvenirs to be to be taken home. 00:40:53.980 --> 00:40:54.960 - Good to know. 00:40:54.960 --> 00:40:56.920 - I have a question. 00:40:56.920 --> 00:41:01.680 In some of the photos I saw from the designation event a few weekends ago, 00:41:01.680 --> 00:41:06.400 and you did have one in your presentation. The native peoples? 00:41:06.400 --> 00:41:10.160 Can you speak a little bit more about that? 00:41:12.220 --> 00:41:21.160 Sure. Again and the lands belonging to the Native Americans predate the sanctuary, for sure. 00:41:21.160 --> 00:41:26.780 And what we've been really excited about is the opportunity to learn more about that. 00:41:26.780 --> 00:41:33.320 I know, I am particular benefit greatly from every single interaction with the tribes. 00:41:33.320 --> 00:41:39.860 In particular, the Piscataway Conoy tribe of Maryland has been there since day one. 00:41:39.860 --> 00:41:45.320 They were part of the nomination team that submitted the 2014 package. 00:41:45.320 --> 00:41:51.020 But since then, they have participated and so many of the community based activities 00:41:51.020 --> 00:41:57.180 and led different types of activities with students with adults with community members. 00:41:57.180 --> 00:42:03.780 And I just I run over, and I try to listen and learn every time I get a chance. 00:42:03.780 --> 00:42:11.360 At the designation event, they offered a spiritual blessing for the site and for the resources 00:42:11.360 --> 00:42:17.560 which I thought was pretty special as part of the the designation ceremony itself. 00:42:17.560 --> 00:42:27.740 And as well as, they tied and had many of the VIPs and that were their tie medicine bundles 00:42:27.740 --> 00:42:32.480 to the cedar trees located at the periphery of Mallows Bay. 00:42:32.480 --> 00:42:37.040 The cedar tree is special to the Piscataway Conoy 00:42:37.040 --> 00:42:41.160 and the medicine bundles are, again, and offering a spiritual blessing 00:42:41.160 --> 00:42:45.300 that hang for a period of time beyond the event ,itself. 00:42:45.300 --> 00:42:53.720 So I think just an incredible addition to the way that we describe beyond the ghost fleet. 00:42:53.720 --> 00:42:59.280 This whole concept of maritime and cultural heritage, to have them involved, tell them a story, 00:42:59.280 --> 00:43:03.660 and being the ones running the activity. That's absolutely the way it needs to go. 00:43:04.960 --> 00:43:06.840 - Alright. Thank you for sharing more details. 00:43:09.040 --> 00:43:11.960 Sammy, we have a question from Joanne, 00:43:11.960 --> 00:43:17.800 and she's interested in hearing, again, how the management of a new site will occur 00:43:17.800 --> 00:43:21.300 in regards to NOAA, Maryland, and other institutions. 00:43:22.900 --> 00:43:26.160 That's a great question. 00:43:26.160 --> 00:43:29.180 There's some of that information that's found in the designation documents. 00:43:29.180 --> 00:43:34.880 But it also is something that requires NOAA, the state, and the county to come together 00:43:34.880 --> 00:43:37.240 and revisit a lot of this going forward. 00:43:37.240 --> 00:43:43.000 I think a lot of people will tell you that Mallows Bay and the sanctuary has been unique in a lot of ways. 00:43:43.440 --> 00:43:45.200 One of the unique ways, I think 00:43:45.200 --> 00:43:52.160 this may also kind of translate itself into-- it has to do with these partnerships . 00:43:52.160 --> 00:43:58.860 Having three joint managers is, I believe, unprecedented in the sanctuary system. 00:43:58.860 --> 00:44:01.500 You know, two from the state in Charles County. 00:44:01.500 --> 00:44:10.540 But there is just a wealth of expertise that each of these groups do for their own mission purposes 00:44:10.540 --> 00:44:16.720 that overlaps directly with a lot of the management plan and management of the sanctuary, itself. 00:44:16.720 --> 00:44:22.440 So we really have this amazing almost Stone Soup model that we're bringing to the table. 00:44:22.440 --> 00:44:28.420 And what we'll be looking to do is figure out the best way to fill in some of the more critical gaps. 00:44:28.420 --> 00:44:33.860 Not just the state managers but so much of what I showed you, in terms of programming, 00:44:33.860 --> 00:44:38.420 gets done by this wonderful cadre and growing cadre of partners 00:44:38.420 --> 00:44:43.320 that come in and do some of the science, the education, interpretation for us. 00:44:43.320 --> 00:44:48.060 So, you know, it's almost a nice problem to have in some ways 00:44:48.060 --> 00:44:50.380 and I think was one that we look forward to sorting out. 00:44:50.380 --> 00:44:53.700 But again, we're not starting from from Ground Zero. 00:44:53.700 --> 00:44:57.520 We have a running start based on five years joint programming. 00:44:57.520 --> 00:45:00.760 I think that's going to go into that discussion and ultimately a decision. 00:45:03.160 --> 00:45:05.420 - Awesome. Thank you for that explanation. 00:45:05.420 --> 00:45:08.760 We have another question coming in from Sandra, 00:45:08.760 --> 00:45:11.240 who, also, is very excited to visit. 00:45:11.240 --> 00:45:17.680 And she is wondering if there are any water and river archaeology excavations happening 00:45:17.680 --> 00:45:19.000 or being planned. 00:45:21.960 --> 00:45:27.660 - Oh boy. Again man's got to know his limitations. And this is one of them. 00:45:27.660 --> 00:45:29.180 One of the many for me. 00:45:29.180 --> 00:45:33.520 But where I'm not aware that at least through the sanctuary, 00:45:33.520 --> 00:45:38.100 and through the sanctuary management plan that we're looking do anything like that. 00:45:38.100 --> 00:45:44.280 Groups do come down. There are along the adjacent shorelines to Mallows. 00:45:44.280 --> 00:45:48.760 There are, you know, shark's teeth that people like to come down and in fine. 00:45:48.760 --> 00:45:52.600 But in terms of doing archaeological, you know, digs and the like, 00:45:52.600 --> 00:45:55.020 that's not necessarily what we're set up for 00:45:55.020 --> 00:45:58.160 or promoting as part of this particular sanctuary. 00:46:00.000 --> 00:46:05.460 - You know, hey, I would suggest-- I just messaged Susan Langley who's participating. 00:46:05.880 --> 00:46:08.420 Sammy, would it be helpful if we unmute her? 00:46:09.600 --> 00:46:12.480 - It's always helpful to unmute Susan. 00:46:15.540 --> 00:46:17.320 - So Susan, should we give that a try, Hannah? 00:46:17.320 --> 00:46:22.920 We'll go ahead and unmute Susan and see if-- go and take care of that. 00:46:23.480 --> 00:46:28.960 Susan, see if you can chat with us and share some of these details with the group here on the webinar. 00:46:32.780 --> 00:46:33.780 Susan, are you there? 00:46:35.300 --> 00:46:38.420 Aw, shucks. Sometimes this experiment doesn't go as planned. 00:46:40.420 --> 00:46:45.360 Alright well, Susan, send another question to us if you're ready in a few minutes to be unmuted. 00:46:45.360 --> 00:46:48.160 But for now, we'll shut her back down. 00:46:48.720 --> 00:46:52.960 And maybe you can just read what she was typing in, initially. 00:46:53.540 --> 00:47:00.180 - Yeah, Susan had recognized a program that was done through a student a few years ago 00:47:00.180 --> 00:47:03.900 that is a wreck taking program that uses QR codes. 00:47:03.900 --> 00:47:08.240 So that's something that could be explored for Mallows to do, was her suggestion. 00:47:10.660 --> 00:47:14.940 And we do have another question coming from a teacher, a science teacher, in Maryland. 00:47:14.940 --> 00:47:20.080 Her name is Carol and she is wondering if drones can fly over the area. 00:47:22.500 --> 00:47:23.980 - The short answer is yes. 00:47:23.980 --> 00:47:30.740 They can. I don't think that the county has any, in fact, I know the sanctuary doesn't have any 00:47:31.260 --> 00:47:34.260 type of management or prohibition of that. 00:47:34.260 --> 00:47:42.580 The biggest obstacle that is associated with flying drones is are those for DoD facilities 00:47:42.940 --> 00:47:48.540 that are located nearby. And in particular the one directly across the river, which is Quantico. 00:47:48.540 --> 00:47:52.600 There's the shared gun marine Navy facility over there. 00:47:52.600 --> 00:48:00.640 There is a notification process that needs to occur with Quantico in order to get permission to fly. 00:48:00.640 --> 00:48:02.780 And what are otherwise restricted waters. 00:48:03.740 --> 00:48:08.320 And when you do fly, it's always aligned the sights and can't be sending it out too far away 00:48:08.320 --> 00:48:11.980 from the shoreline. But they are legal. You're able to do it. 00:48:11.980 --> 00:48:17.260 And some of the wonderful imagery we've gotten from Matt Macintosh and sanctuaries 00:48:17.260 --> 00:48:20.820 and Duke Marine Lab views and an NPR. 00:48:20.820 --> 00:48:22.880 I'll use that same drone technology. 00:48:25.600 --> 00:48:30.240 - Yeah, those images were great and I saw some of them in your presentation, today. 00:48:31.320 --> 00:48:33.940 We have a great question coming from DeeDee. 00:48:33.940 --> 00:48:38.140 She is wondering what your vision for Mallows Bay is for the future 00:48:38.140 --> 00:48:42.460 and what new features or resources would you anticipate for the area? 00:48:44.700 --> 00:48:50.680 - Well, I think our vision going forward is, I think, a little bit of at a time. 00:48:50.680 --> 00:48:55.340 We want to continue to build on a lot of the community-based programming 00:48:55.340 --> 00:48:56.920 that we have underway. 00:48:56.920 --> 00:49:03.060 The interpretive'components that promote the recreation the tourism and economic development 00:49:03.060 --> 00:49:07.320 are things that we want to do. And, of course, they can only be done with partners 00:49:07.320 --> 00:49:10.160 and in cooperation with the state and with the county. 00:49:10.160 --> 00:49:14.160 I think that's clearly fundamental to what we want to see done. 00:49:14.160 --> 00:49:18.600 At the same time, you know, this is a very rural area 00:49:18.600 --> 00:49:22.840 and we want to be very sensitive and very respectful 00:49:22.840 --> 00:49:29.320 of the-- I don't want to say pristine-- but it certainly is underdeveloped 00:49:29.320 --> 00:49:34.320 and quite nice in terms of this conservation assets. 00:49:34.320 --> 00:49:37.620 So we want to be respectful of the way that this gets filled out 00:49:37.620 --> 00:49:42.100 and, of course, doing this with the state, with county, with partners, will help to ensure 00:49:42.100 --> 00:49:47.100 that we're kind of building in the right kinds of local business opportunities 00:49:47.100 --> 00:49:53.240 and we're not transforming this into another, you know, national harbor right there in the DC area. 00:49:53.240 --> 00:49:56.820 But I I think it's more about the recreation the interpretation. 00:49:56.820 --> 00:50:01.780 I can't tell you how excited I am about the educational programs down there 00:50:01.780 --> 00:50:05.540 and how the community responds to these more ocean guardian 00:50:05.540 --> 00:50:09.780 and more of the diving with the purpose and junior scientists in the sea 00:50:09.780 --> 00:50:12.440 with the National Association of Black Scuba Divers. 00:50:12.440 --> 00:50:15.020 I think that's what we're looking to do. 00:50:15.020 --> 00:50:19.000 At some point in time, we'll have discussions about a NOAA presence. 00:50:19.000 --> 00:50:24.500 What does it mean, you know, to have signage and and an office 00:50:24.500 --> 00:50:30.720 and maybe one day a visitor center or an education facility of some type there. 00:50:30.980 --> 00:50:36.800 So slow steps. Maybe not quite as slow as if we were starting from the very beginning. 00:50:36.800 --> 00:50:42.480 But I think the vision at least for the next five years or so look a little bit like that. 00:50:44.460 --> 00:50:50.180 - Great. And to go off of that we have a question coming in from Sam 00:50:50.180 --> 00:50:54.420 who is wondering how to get involved with activities 00:50:54.420 --> 00:50:57.440 like the cleanup that you showed earlier in the presentation. 00:50:58.580 --> 00:51:02.460 - Yeah, boy, we try our best to try to promote those. 00:51:02.460 --> 00:51:07.840 We have this kind of core mailing group that I send out to all the time. 00:51:07.840 --> 00:51:13.980 But we put information in newspapers and on radio, signs up all over the county, 00:51:13.980 --> 00:51:20.540 we get it on web pages from all the partners, we try to use social media, 00:51:20.540 --> 00:51:24.280 to make people aware of some of these opportunities. 00:51:24.280 --> 00:51:27.600 But, honestly, I think it's another one of these growth areas for us. 00:51:27.920 --> 00:51:32.280 It's kind of catches catch can right now. we haven't come together 00:51:32.280 --> 00:51:37.020 and talked about how to make that a little bit more efficient and effective. 00:51:37.020 --> 00:51:40.600 But we want people to come out and help out with the cleanups. 00:51:40.600 --> 00:51:43.600 We want people to participate in some of these partner events. 00:51:43.600 --> 00:51:48.980 Get into your sanctuary and take advantage of the resources and the opportunities 00:51:48.980 --> 00:51:51.660 that go along with being part of that place. 00:51:51.660 --> 00:51:55.760 So, we will do better and it's part of this presence idea 00:51:55.760 --> 00:51:58.760 that we will begin to promote a lot more publicly. 00:52:01.780 --> 00:52:05.840 Well, that actually might-- Susan also pointed out, this is kind of interesting, that 00:52:05.840 --> 00:52:10.240 Marilyn has developed with NOAA a marine debris management plan 00:52:10.240 --> 00:52:16.320 that defines a process for training people to differentiate shipwreck remains from pieces of the wharves 00:52:16.320 --> 00:52:17.760 and modern materials. 00:52:17.760 --> 00:52:23.580 So it sounds like there could types of like citizen science opportunities that 00:52:23.580 --> 00:52:27.500 people like Sam can potentially get involved with, beyond just the cleanup. 00:52:27.500 --> 00:52:31.140 And as I would suspect that as the NOAA presence 00:52:31.140 --> 00:52:35.400 becomes more full at Mallows Bay-Potomac River sanctuary, that 00:52:35.400 --> 00:52:41.060 down, way down the road we may, with a superintendent there may be an education coordinator, 00:52:41.060 --> 00:52:47.800 research coordinator, and others staff that can then start to build out these more robust programs. 00:52:48.560 --> 00:52:49.920 and we actually-- 00:52:49.920 --> 00:52:50.700 - Absolutely, Claire. 00:52:50.940 --> 00:52:56.580 - Yeah we recently heard from a teacher in the area that is just thrilled with Mallows Bay 00:52:56.580 --> 00:52:58.620 and she's already written a lesson plan. 00:52:58.620 --> 00:53:03.860 So, we're just starting to have conversations with her and look at her materials 00:53:03.860 --> 00:53:09.200 and see if she wants to volunteer and make those available once we go through our clearance process. 00:53:09.200 --> 00:53:12.420 But, there's lots of different ways to get involved 00:53:12.420 --> 00:53:16.080 and reaching out to Sammy and others and NOAA it's a good start 00:53:16.080 --> 00:53:17.890 until we have a more formalized structure. 00:53:18.700 --> 00:53:24.560 - I agree, Claire and thank you we are we are just beginning to have our own internal conversations 00:53:24.560 --> 00:53:26.280 about these citizen science. 00:53:26.280 --> 00:53:31.300 it's definitely on the table and through the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation and others 00:53:31.300 --> 00:53:34.560 we are certainly the Potomac River keeper. 00:53:34.560 --> 00:53:39.000 We're certainly making some inroads and getting some of that kind of jump started. 00:53:39.000 --> 00:53:43.100 so that's that's another great way for people to get involved 00:53:45.860 --> 00:53:50.480 - Well that is all of our questions that have been submitted so far 00:53:51.040 --> 00:53:55.580 So if you have any questions that you are eager to ask Sammy 00:53:55.580 --> 00:54:01.420 and can think of them within the next day, feel free to email them to us and we'll try to get them to Sammy 00:54:01.420 --> 00:54:03.280 and back to you. 00:54:03.280 --> 00:54:10.100 So, this does conclude today's webinar. Thank you for attending the webinar series, today. 00:54:10.100 --> 00:54:14.180 As I mentioned earlier, we really want your feedback. 00:54:14.180 --> 00:54:17.960 So, your questions can be submitted and your feedback submitted, as well 00:54:17.960 --> 00:54:20.780 to sanctuaryeducation@NOAA.gov 00:54:21.900 --> 00:54:27.140 This webinar will also be archived and linked on our sanctuary education site, 00:54:27.140 --> 00:54:30.160 which the link is on this slide here. 00:54:31.340 --> 00:54:38.740 And following this webinar, all attendees will receive a PDF copy of a certificate of attendance. 00:54:38.740 --> 00:54:43.740 This provides you document documentation for one hour of professional development 00:54:43.740 --> 00:54:45.400 for today's presentation. 00:54:45.400 --> 00:54:51.400 This certificate was actually developed from feedback from one of the webinar participants. 00:54:51.400 --> 00:54:55.220 So we do take into account what you reply to us with. 00:54:56.780 --> 00:55:01.300 That being said, there will be a short evaluation that asks questions 00:55:01.300 --> 00:55:04.100 for you to answer following today's presentation. 00:55:04.100 --> 00:55:07.720 This will take you about 3 to 4 minutes and pops up immediately. 00:55:07.720 --> 00:55:12.140 so we greatly appreciate any feedback you are willing to share. 00:55:13.120 --> 00:55:17.540 We are currently building out our webinar series schedule. 00:55:17.540 --> 00:55:24.200 The next exciting webinar is called Sinkholes to Stars: Exploring Microbial Ecosystems in 00:55:24.200 --> 00:55:25.780 Lake Huron Sinkholes. 00:55:26.240 --> 00:55:31.560 and it is about a exploration and exciting exploration in partnership with NOAA's 00:55:31.560 --> 00:55:33.640 Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary. 00:55:33.640 --> 00:55:40.580 And they're going to discuss what their exploration means to the look looking for extraterrestrial life. 00:55:40.580 --> 00:55:46.940 So, not only are we exploring Lake Huron, but also discussing possible extra terrestrial life, 00:55:48.000 --> 00:55:49.820 which is very exciting. 00:55:50.640 --> 00:55:59.500 And with that being said, that's December 5th. Note the change in time, it's at 7 p.m. Eastern 4 p.m. Pacific. 00:56:01.000 --> 00:56:06.440 Thanks again to Sammy for a wonderful presentation informing us about the newest 00:56:06.440 --> 00:56:09.200 National Marine Sanctuary in Mallows Bay. 00:56:09.200 --> 00:56:13.800 All of the exciting community work and all of the exciting maritime heritage. 00:56:13.800 --> 00:56:16.280 It was very great. So thank you, Sammy 00:56:16.280 --> 00:56:18.960 And thank you all for taking the time to join us. 00:56:18.960 --> 00:56:23.160 Don't forget to take the brief survey at the end of today's webinar. 00:56:23.160 --> 00:56:28.700 It's very important to our team. And with that being said, that concludes today's webinar. 00:56:28.700 --> 00:56:30.540 - Great. Thanks, Hannah. Thanks Sammy. 00:56:31.360 --> 00:56:32.140 - Thank you, guys.